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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of immunogenetics 13 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Ultraviolet tight (UV)-induced tumours in mice are often highly immunogenic and have unique (individually specific) antigens which cause tumour rejection in normal mice. The molecular nature of these unique ‘rejection’ or ‘transplantation’ antigens is not known. We have recently isolated a syngeneic monoclonal antibody (mAb), CP28, that recognizes a unique tumour-specific antigen on the UV-induced regressor tumour 1591-RE. Further analysis revealed that the antibody-recognized antigen represents a novel major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecule. However, the relationship of this molecule to the unique T cell-recognized antigen that causes tumour rejection remained unresolved. In this study we have explored the relationship of the antibody-defined tumour-specific novel class I molecule to the rejection antigen, that we have previously defined with a cytolytic T cell (CTL) clone (‘anti-A’). Two different lines of evidence suggested a close relationship. First, it was found that random subclones of the 1591-RE tumour expressed different levels of the CP28-defined antigen which correlated with the level of lysis by the anti-A CTL clone. Second, the selection of antigen-loss variants using either the anti-A CTL clone or the mAb CP28 resulted in the simultaneous loss of both the CP28 as well as the ‘A’ antigen. This tight correlation strongly suggests a relationship between the antibody-defined and the T cell-defined antigen. However, the role of the antibody-recognized antigen in causing transplantation rejection still needs to be determined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1744-313X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The C3H UV-induced fibrosarcoma, 1591, is highly immunogenic and, therefore, is readily rejected when transplanted into immunocompetent syngeneic recipients. Previous analysis of 1591 with tumour-specific or H-2-reactive monoclonal antibodies revealed that this antigenicity might be due to the expression of two novel class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. In this report we describe the molecular cloning and initial characterization of three genes which account for all of the unique serological class I reactivities observed on this tumour. These include two distinct, but highly conserved, H-2L-like genes, and a third gene the product of which bears determinants which are characteristic of both the tumour and of class I products of the H-2k haplotype. Moreover, each of these genes contains a polymorphic restriction enzyme fragment which is detected in the class I sequences of 1591 relative to normal C3H tissue. Since the expression of these polymorphic class I sequences is relevant to the immunogenicity of 1591, the mutational events by which these genes were generated may be significant to the immunobiology of this tumour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 28 (1989), S. 174-178 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Immunology 6 (1988), S. 465-483 
    ISSN: 0732-0582
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 114 (1987), S. 21-27 
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The suitability of standard grass as bioaccumulator for different elements was investigated theoretically as well as experimentally using INAA and XRFA. The calculation is based on the annual mean values of elemental mass concentration in air at three sites with various characteristics and on the published data for deposition velocity. The potential contaminations computed in this way and supported by our experimental results were compared with the average mass contents in the standard grass. The resulting “degrees of potential contamination” show that for elements as Cr, Fe, Hg, Pb and Sb the monitoring with standard grass is normally possible, while for other elements (e.g. Br, Ca, Co, K, Mn, Na, Ni, S, Zn) the separation of contamination by film stripping method is indispensable. There is also an intermediate group (As, Ba, Se).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 238 (1989), S. 185-188 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Auditory event-related potential ; N2 ; P3 ; Schizophrenia ; Heredity ; Children at risk
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In previous studies investigating long latency components of the event-related potential (ERP), schizophrenic patients generally showed reduced P3 amplitudes and in some studies prolonged N2 or P3 latencies. As there is a higher risk of offspring of schizophrenics than of mentally healthy parents developing this disease, the present study was intended to clarify whether ERP components (in particular the N2 and P3) differ between these two groups of children. Twelve high-risk and 12 age-matched control children (aged 9–16 years) performed an auditory oddball task in order to assess late ERP components. This task required the subject to covertly count rare target tone pips (P = 0.2) irregularly interspersed among frequent standard tone pips (P = 0.8) in two series of 400 pips. ERPs were recorded from midline electrodes (Fz, Cz, Pz). The results indicated distinctly prolonged N2 and P3 latencies in ERPs to target stimuli in children of schizophrenic patients. These findings suggest a slowed target classification in these children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 9 (1985), S. 971-971 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 373 (1988), S. 173-181 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Merkel cell tumor ; Trabecular carcinoma ; Neuroendocrine tumor ; Neuron-specific enolase ; Cytokeratins ; Clinical findings in 339 cases ; Surgery ; Radiotherapy ; Chemotherapy ; Local recurrence ; Lymphatic metastasis ; Hematogenous metastasis ; Prognosis ; Follow-up
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über vier Fälle eines Merkelzelltumors mit unterschiedlichem klinischen Verlauf und Lokalisation im Gesicht und am Stamm berichtet. Bezüglich der Klinik wurden 339 Fälle eines Merkelzelltumors aus der Literatur ausgewertet. Beim Merkelzelltumor handelt es sich um einen von den Merkelschen Zellen ausgehenden neuroendokrinen Hauttumor. Er findet sich zu 47% im Kopf-Halsbereich, hat eine durchschnittliche Größe von 25 mm, liegt typischerweise über dem Hautniveau und zeichnet sich klinisch durch seine rötlich-livide Farbe aus. Aufgrund der Metastasierung und des infiltrativen Wachstums ist er als maligne einzuordnen. In 27% bestehen Lymphknotenmetastasen, in 51 % kommt es zu Lokalrezidiven und in 32% treten Fernmetastasen auf. Die Therapie der Wahl besteht in einer frühzeitigen Excision mit einem Sicherheitsabstand, wie er bei malignen Hauttumoren üblich ist. Eine Strahlensensibilität liegt vor; ob auch eine chemotherapeutische Beeinflußbarkeit besteht, ist jedoch nicht sicher.
    Notes: Summary Four cases of Merkel cell tumor located in the face or on the trunk are presented. In a literature review 339 cases were found and analysed. The Merkel cell tumor is a neuroendocrine tumor of the skin derived from the Merkel cells. It is located most often in the face and neck area. Typically, it is an exophytic node, has a red-blue color and measures 25 mm in diameter on the average. Since it is metastasizing it is a malignant tumor. Regional node metastases were found in 27%, local recurrences occur in 51%, and distant metastases were seen in 32% of the cases. The best therapy is excision with wide margins as is the rule for a malignant skin tumor. While the tumor reacts to radiotherapy, chemotherapy seems to be of no help.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 372 (1987), S. 925-925 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Method of endorectal sonography ; Preoperative staging of rectal cancer ; Follow-up examination of rectal cancer patients ; Methode der endorectalen Sonographie ; Präoperative Ausbreitung des Rectumcarcinoms ; Verlaufskontrolle von Rectumcarcinomen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zu Beginn des Videofilms wird die Problematik der Rectumcarcinomdiagnostik mit genauer Bestimmung der Wandinfiltration dargestellt. Als zusätzliches diagnostisches Verfahren wird sodann die endorectale Sonographie und deren Prinzip erläutert. An einer Falldarstellung (Patient mit ulcerierendem Rectumcarcinom und Rectumpolypen) wird die sonographische Methode im Vergleich mit der Rectoskopie und weiteren bildgebenden Verfahren sowie dem Operationspräparat und dem histologischen Schnitt verglichen. Eine weitere Anwendungsmöglichkeit der endorectalen Sonographie liegt in der Verlaufskontrolle operierter Patienten mit Rectumcarcinom. Dies wird an einer weiteren Falldarstellune erläutert.
    Notes: Summary The videofilm begins by explaining the difficulties involved in diagnosing carcinoma of the rectum and in determining the exact infiltration depth of the rectal wall. The principles of endorectal sonography are illustrated. A case report is presented of a patient with an ulcerated carcinoma of the rectum and a polyp; the results obtained by endorectal sonography are discussed in comparison with other methods. Endorectal sonography can also be used for follow-up examinations of patients that have been operated on. This is demonstrated in a second case report.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Langenbeck's archives of surgery 371 (1987), S. 207-216 
    ISSN: 1435-2451
    Keywords: Ligaments of the spleen ; Blood supply ; Collagen fibers ; Capsular tears
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Der für die Fixation der Milz bedeutende Bandapparat ist in 4 Ligamenta zu unterteilen: Das Ligamentum colicosplenicum, das Ligamentum gastrosplenicum mit einem cranialen Abschnitt (geringere Distanz zwischen Magen und Milz, hähere Dichte an kollagenen Fasern) und einem caudalen Abschnitt (größere Distanz zwischen Magen und Milz, niedrigere Dichte an kollagenen Fasern), das Ligamentum phrenicocolicum und das Ligamentum phrenicosplenicum (Ligamentum splenorenale), dessen Bindegewebsfasern der Tela subserosa zwischen Pankreas und Milz als Ligamentum pancreaticolienale bezeichnet werden können. Der Begriff Ligamentum splenorenale ist nicht ganz genau, da keine Verbindung zwischen Milz und Niere besteht. Es liegen außer dem Peritonealblatt die anatomischen Strukturen Tela subserosa mit perarenalem Fett, Fascia praerenalis und Capsula adiposa (perirenales Fett) zwischen beiden Organen. Die Vascularisation des Ligamentum gastrosplenicum besteht aus kleinen Ästen der Vasa gastricae breves et gastroomentales sinistra, die des perivasculären Bindegewebes zwischen Pankreas und Milz aus kleinen Ästen der Vasa splenicae. Das Ligamentum colicosplenicum erhält Gefäße aus den Vasa gastroomentales sinistra und den unteren Polgefäßen. Die übrigen Ligamenta weisen eine vorwiegend venöse Vascularisation auf. Bei der Mobilisierung der Milz auf dem dorsalen Weg soll nur das Peritonealblatt, welches auf das Organparenchym überzweigt, durchtrennt werden, während die Fascia praerenalis intakt bleiben soll, um Verletzungen der retroperitonealen Organe zu vermeiden. Chirurgisch relevant ist weiterhin besonders die Verlaufsrichtung der kollagenen Fasern in den Bändern, wobei von craniomedial nach caudolateral zwischen den Organen ziehende Faserbündel von craniolateral nach caudomedial laufende Bündel durchkreuzen. Bei zu starkem Zug am Magen nach mediocranial oder-caudal oder am Colon nach mediocaudal kommt es deshalb — besonders in diesen Richtungen — im Rahmen intraabdomineller Eingriffe zu Verletzungen der Milzkapsel mit konsekutiver Parenchymblutung. Die Bänder sollten deshalb nur moderat angespannt oder besser entspannt gehalten werden. Die mögliche Dehnbarkeit in Richtung der Maschenstellung in ihren Kollagenfasernetzen sollte im Rahmen intraabdomineller Organverschiebungen verstanden werden. Die elastischen Fasern sind für die Reversibilität der Dehnung verantwortlich.
    Notes: Summary The anatomy of the splenic ligaments was examined in twenty cadavers. Histologic sections were taken from ten. In one of these twenty cases the entire ligamentous structure was studied by serial sections using a polarizing light microscope. There are four principal ligaments of the spleen: the gastrosplenic ligament, the colicosplenic ligament, the phrenocolic ligament and the phrenosplenic (splenorenal) ligament. There are two portions to the gastrosplenic ligament. In the upper portion where the spleen is very close to the stomach, the collagen fibers appear more dense. The term splenorenal ligament is vague. This is because there are three structures between the spleen and the kidney besides the peritoneal layer: collagenous tissue with fat (pararenal fat), the prerenal fascia and a fat capsule (perirenal fat). The vascular anatomy is of interest. Running through the gastrosplenic ligament are small branches from the short gastric and left gastroomental vessels. The colicosplenic ligament receives little branches from the left gastroomentalic vessels and the lower pole vessels. The other ligaments have mainly venous vascularisation which can develop into a collateral network within splenomegaly. The direction of the collagen fibers in the splenic ligaments is important. In all the ligaments most of the fibers come from two directions: laterocranial to mediocaudal and mediocranial to laterocaudal. Splenic capsular tears are a recognized complication of upper abdominal surgery [2, 3, 6, 10, 11, 14]. This is because traction in the mediocaudal direction during gastric and colon surgery and in the mediocranial direction during gastric surgery is oriented in the same direction as the collagen fibers in the splenic ligaments and thus tears the splenic capsule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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