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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 23 (1986), S. 192-199 
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The therapeutic effect of i. d. injection of tumor cells mixed with Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (VCN) on tumor progression in dogs with spontaneous mammary tumors was investigated. The i. d. injections were performed in a chessboard-like manner: different numbers (105, 106, 107, and 108) of mitomycin-treated autologous tumor cells (M-TC) were each mixed with different amounts (10, 50, and 100 mU) of VCN. These different mixtures were injected i. d. at different sites in dogs on the day of resection of a part of multiple tumors. In a randomized prospective study in 71 dogs the effect of chessboard vaccination (autologous tumor cells and VCN) on the growth of the residual tumor mass was compared to chessboard-like treatments with mixtures of either autologous erythrocytes and VCN or autologous tumor cells and heat-inactivated VCN. The results show that: chessboard vaccination induced regression (6 of 23) of spontaneous mammary tumors in dogs. No dog died as a result of the tumor within an observation period of 1 year. The therapeutic effect of chessboard vaccination was dependent on the application of tumor cells and enzymatically active VCN. In contrast, control treatment with either heat-inactivated VCN or autologous erythrocytes instead of tumor cells did not induce any regressions. Some animals in both control groups died because of tumor growth (3/21 and 2/27 respectively). The delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response of tumor-bearing animals against i. d. applied tumor cells was not significantly enhanced by the admixture of enzymatically active VCN, nor did the DTH response seem to be predictive of a therapeutic effect on the tumor. No difference in the DTH response of dogs to autologous tumor cells mixed with active or inactivated VCN or autologous erythrocytes mixed with active VCN could be found. Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens were serologically detected on canine erythrocytes after treatment with VCN and on untreated cells of mammary tumors from dogs. Exposure of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigens after treatment with VCN was enhanced on canine mammary tumors. As chessboard vaccination proved to be unsuccessful when canine autologous erythrocytes were used instead of autologous tumor cells, it can be concluded that the exposure of Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen plays no decisive role in tumor therapy with tumor cells and VCN. Chessboard vaccination was tolerated without any side effects. Tumor enhancement was never observed. Chessboard vaccination appears to be an effective and safe procedure for tumor therapy using tumor cells and VCN. The mechanism underlying the therapeutic effect of chessboard vaccination is completely unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 55 (1987), S. 127-129 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Granulocytes ; CSF ; Oxidative metabolism ; Bladder carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Neutrophils (PMN) are the major host defence cells protecting the body against invasion by microorganisms. Products of oxidative metabolism mediate PMN microbicidal and tumoricidal activity, but the mechanisms by which these pathways become activated are not well understood. The colony stimulating factors (CSF) are known to stimulate proliferation and differentiation of committed bone marrow stem cells. These regulators may probably play an important role in non specific resistance to infections. We studied the oxidative metabolism of neutrophils after stimulation with recombinant GM-CSF (r.GM-CSF) and the concentrated conditioned medium of the UBC-5637 cell line (UBC-CM) showing CSF activity. It could be demonstrated that the r.GM-CSF, as well as the UBC-CM, induce an activation of the neutrophil respiratory burst without any cofactors such as f-MLP, PMA, or zymosan. In addition, we observed an increase of the response to those stimulants in the presence of either r.GM-CSF or UBC-CM. These effects were not endotoxin-induced, since stimulation persisted after addition of Polymyxin B, which is known to inhibit the action of endotoxins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: GM-CSF Receptor ; Granulocytes ; Oxidative metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We investigated the interaction between GM-CSF and its receptor on human granulocytes and on several human tumor cell lines. Specific high-affinity binding for GM-CSF was characterized by Scatchard plot analysis. The specific radioactivity of the 125I-labeled derivative of rH. GM-CSF was determined by self-displacement analysis and calculated to be 30 μCi/μg. The maximum concentration of binding sites (B max) in granulocytes was 40 fmol/mg protein (2,200 molecules GM-CSF bound/cell) and the dissociation constant (KD) was 0.42 nM. No binding sites for GM-CSF were found in two lung cancer cell lines, SCLC-16HV and NCI-N417 or in the urinary bladder carcinoma cell line 5637, whereas the promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60 was positive for GM-CSF binding. Time course experiments showed maximum binding of GM-CSF in granulocytes after an incubation period of 60 min and a decrease in binding after an incubation period of 2 h. In parallel, we found a maximum biological signal when granulocytes were preincubated for 90 min with GM-CSF, and a decrease after an incubation time of 120 min. Preincubation of the cells with rH. GM-CSF induced an enhancement of the production of activated oxygen species by the cells in response to PMA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Am Modell einer experimentellenKlebsiella pneumoniae-Sepsis der Maus wurde der therapeutische Effekt spezifischer antibakterieller Antikörper vom Kaninchen untersucht. Sowohl IgG- als auch IgM-Antikörper erwiesen sich als therapeutisch effektiv, jedoch war der durch IgM vermittelte Schutzeffekt deutlich geringer als derjenige von IgG. Das nach der Infektion für eine effiziente Therapie zur Verfügung stehende Zeitintervall war bei Anwendung von IgM wesentlich kürzer als bei Therapie mit IgG. Wie Keimzahlbestimmungen in Leber, Milz, Lungen und Nieren zeigten, beruhte der Effekt von IgG auf einer ausgeprägten phagozytosefördernden Wirkungin vivo. Bei mit Cyclophosphamid immunsupprimierten Mäusen führte die Gabe von IgG nur dann zu einer Senkung der Letalität, wenn niedrige Infektionsdosen verabreicht wurden. Bei höheren Infektionsdosen führte die IgG-Behandlung lediglich zu einer passageren Keimzahlreduktion in den parenchymatösen Organen sowie zu einer Verzögerung des letalen Verlaufes der Sepsis um einige Tage. Die Kombinationstherapie mit IgG und Gentamicin hatte sowohl bei normalen als auch bei immunsupprimierten Mäusen einen ausgeprägten synergistischen Effekt.
    Notes: Summary Using a model of an experimentalKlebsiella pneumoniae septicemia in mice, we examined the therapeutic effect of passively administered specific antibacterial antibodies from rabbits. Both specific IgM and IgG antibody proved to be therapeutically effective. However, the effect of IgG was markedly superior to that of IgM with regard both to the degree of protection and the time interval allowing efficient therapy after infection. The effect of IgG was due to a marked enhancement ofin vivo phagocytosis, as demonstrated by monitoring bacterial numbers in the liver, spleen, lungs and kidneys. In mice immunocompromised with cyclophosphamide, treatment with IgG still exerted protection against low challenge inocula. When higher inocula were used, treatment with IgG ceased to influence the final mortality rates but delayed the course of the disease for several days by transient reduction of bacterial numbers in the parenchymal organs. In both normal and immunocompromised mice, concomitant treatment with gentamicin resulted in a marked synergistic enhancement of survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics 13 (1988), S. 163-167 
    ISSN: 0721-3115
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: We compute the ESR coupling constants and the geometries of a set of nitro derivatives of the phenyl radical. We consider the three mononitrophenyls, the six dinitrophenyls and 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl. The computations are based on the use of the Gaussian 82 Program Package with the STO-3G basis set. There are no experimental data available.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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