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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Naloxone prevents the analgesic action of α-MSH in mice (1985)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 41 (1985), S. 627-628 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: α-MSH ; analgesia ; naloxone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary α-MSH (0.1, 1, 10 μg) was administered intracerebroventricularly and its action on pain sensitivity was investigated by the hot-plate method in mice. α-MSH produced dose-dependent analgesia and this analgesic effect was prevented by naloxone (1 mg/kg, s.c.). It is possible that α-MSH may play a role in the mechanism of pain through endogeneous opioid systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02007691
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paragangliomas of the craniocervical region (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 73 (1987), S. 227-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Paraganlioma ; Tyrosine hydroxylase(TH) ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An immunohistochemical study on tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a rate-limiting enzyme in the catecholamine synthesizing pathway, was made on three cranioncervical region paragangliomas, two of which showed metastases to the cervical lymph nodes. In all of the original tumors, the majority of tumor cells showed positive immunostaining for TH of variable intensity in their cytoplasm regardless of their cytological features such as cellular and nuclear pleomorphism. The finding suggests that most tumor cells are capable of production of catecholamines and are derived from chief cells in the normal paraganglia. In cervical lymph nodes, however, no positive immunostaining for TH was observed in metastatic tumor cells, in contrast with the findings in the original tumors. The absence of TH immunoreactivity in metastatic tumor cells appears to be noteworthy in considering their malignant potential. Application of the TH immunohistochemistry to further cases appears important for the better understanding of this neoplasm, a catecholamine-producing tumor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686615
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of 15-nm-wide straight tubules in neocortical neurons in progressive supranuclear palsy (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1989), S. 233-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Progressive supranuclear palsy ; Neocortex ; Neurofibrillary tangles ; Straight tubules ; Twisted tubules
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ultrastructural investigations were carried out on the cerebral neocortex in two cases of progressive supranuclear palsy. In both cases, characteristic 15-nm-wide straight tubules were observed in the neurons. The numbers of cells containing the straight tubules and of tubules in individual cells were small. However, the occurrence of the tubules strongly suggests that the cerebral neocortex is also exposed to the disease process in progressive supranuclear palsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294656
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transplacental effect of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on brain dopaminergic neurons in the mouse (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1989), S. 279-285 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) ; C57BL/6J mouse ; Tyrosine hydroxylase ; Aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase ; Dopamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunohistochemical studies of monoamme neurons werè performed to evaluate toxic effects of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) on young adult mice and compare them with chose of their offspring. Mice, 9–11 weeks old (C57BL/6J), injected subcutaneously with a large dose of MPTP (17 mg/kg per day) during pregnancy on Day 9 and 12 of gestation (G9 and G12) miscarried and were examined at 13 weeks of age. Conversely, mice treated during pregnancy with sequential low dose of MPTP (2.8 mg/kg per day at G9–G17 for 8 days) successfully delivered their babies and were examined at the age of 15 weeks. Baby mice were examined at 1 and 6 weeks of age. The tyrosine hydroxylase-, aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase-and dopamine (DA)-immunoreactive density of caudoputamen was reduced in 13-week-old mice treated with high dose of MPTP but not in the 15-week-old mothers exposed to a low dose of MPTP as compared to their respective controls. The DA-immunoreactive density of the caudoputamen was the only staining that was reduced in both 1- and 6-week-old baby mice. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that MPTP injected to pregnant mice causes a DA depletion in the striatum of their offspring indicating a transplacental effect of MPTP. The findings also indicate that fetal brain is more susceptible to MPTP toxicity than the brain of young pregnant mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294662
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental study on pathogenesis of the fetal brain damage by acute carbon monoxide intoxication of the pregnant mother (1986)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 69 (1986), S. 244-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Fetal carbon monoxide intoxication ; Pregnancy ; Fetus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pathogenesis of fetal brain damage caused by acute maternal carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication was experimentally investigated in cats; 11 pregnant cats in various gestational stages were exposed to 0.2–0.3% CO/air gas for 76–150 min; thereafter, 29 live and stillborn neonates and 14 fetuses removed by cesarian section were observed pathologically. In the full-term or late-gestational-stage fetuses and neonates, the most vulnerable areas were the cerebral white matter and brain stem, followed by the basal ganglia and thalamus, and then the cerebral cortex. No changes were found in the cerebellum. From the distribution and nature of the brain changes, a hypoxic-ischemic mechanism was proposed as the pathogenesis of fetal brain damage. In the fetuses or neonates in middle and early gestational stages, the frequency and severity of the brain changes were generally lower than in those in the late gestational stage, and the cerebral white matter and basal ganglia were most often involved, but the thalamus, brain stem and the cerebral cortex were spared. The severity and extent of the brain changes were not the same among all littermates, but varied from normal to severely damaged animals. Among the maternal physiological factors measured during the CO exposure, only the severity of acidosis was correlated with the grade of fetal brain damage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688300
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regional cerebral blood flow of acute carbon monoxide poisoning in cats (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 72 (1987), S. 389-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Regional cerebral blood flow ; Carbon monoxide ; Acute carbon monoxide poisoning ; Selective vulnerability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The mechanism of selective vulnerability of the cerebral white matter and pallidum in acute carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning was experimentally investigated by measuring regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) with the iodo-[14C]antipyrine method. A CO group consisting of five cats was exposed to 0.2%–0.3% CO gas and the rCBF was measured when moderate systemic hypotension (70–80 mm Hg) occurred; because systemic hypotension of this level during exposing to 0.2%–0.3% CO gas induces typical cerebral lesions of acute CO poisoning in almost all cats [Okeda et al. Acta Neuropathol (Berl) 54:1–10 (1981)]. Controls were a hypotension group of three cats with moderate systemic hypotension induced for 1 h without CO exposure, and a control group of five cats which inhaled only air for 2 h. The rCBF of each structure in the CO and hypotension groups was evaluated as a percentage of that of the control group. The rCBF of the CO group exhibited a wide range (68%–127%) according to the structures examined, and the mean (94.6%) was large compared with that (range: 53%–82%, mean: 67.4%) of the hypotension group. In the CO group, the examined brain structures where divided in two group according to the rCBF values; low-value structures and high-value structures. There was significant (P〈0.05) difference between rCBFs of both the structure groups. The cerebral white matter and pallidum belonged to low-value structures, and these rCBFs did not show any significant difference from those of other structures in this structure group. The rCBF of the cerebral white matter was significantly lower than that of the cerebellar white matter. From these findings and our previous observations using the hydrogen clearance and rheological methods, the mechanism of the selective vulnerability of the pallidum and cerebral white matter in acute CO poisoning is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687271
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Parkinson's disease: the presence of Lewy bodies in Auerbach's and Meissner's plexuses (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 76 (1988), S. 217-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Parkinson's disease ; Lewy body ; Auerbach's and Meissner's plexuses
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We systematically studied the enteric nervous system of the alimentary tract in seven patients with Parkinson's disease. In all patients, characteristic inclusions histologically and ultrastructurally identical to Lewy bodies were found in Auerbach's and Meissner's plexuses. They were most frequent in the Auerbach's plexus of the lower esophagus. Lewy bodies were found in 8 out of 24 age-matched nonparkinsonian patients. However, they were obviously small in number. These findings clearly indicate that the plexuses are also involved in Parkinson's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687767
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultracytochemical study of capillary Ca2+-ATPase activity in brain edema (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 77 (1989), S. 449-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ca2+-ATPase ; Blood-brain barrier (BBB) ; Brain edema ; Capillary ; Astrocyte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To investigate the functional relationship between astrocytes and Ca2+-ATPase of cerebral capillary endothelial cells (capillary Ca2+-ATPase), cold lesions were produced and the cytochemical reaction (CR) for Ca2+-ATPase activity and morphological changes of astrocytes were chronologically studied. Under normal conditions, CR for capillary Ca2+-ATPase activity was mild. However, at 20 min after the operation, astrocytic end-feet embracing the capillaries were swollen, and CR was moderate. Deposits of slightly coarsened reaction product (RP) appeared and accumulated on the abluminal surface. CR became stronger as edema fluid accumulated. At 4, 7 and 15 days, detachment of the astrocytic processes from the capillary wall was observed and in the uncovered capillaries, CR was intense, especially on the abluminal surface. It could be thus possible that the enzyme was related to the blood-brain barrier (BBB). At 2 months, reactive astrocytes has recovered lesionresistant capillaries. CR was mild and its associated deposits were coarser, the number decreasing on both surfaces. The nature and localization of the deposits of RP in the scar were different from those under normal conditions, possibly due to the functional differences between normal and reactive astrocytes in the BBB. CR was mild in association with astrocytes embracing the capillary wall and was intense without astrocytes. Therefore, it might be possible that astrocytes exerted certain effects on capillary Ca2+-ATPase activity in relation to BBB function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00687245
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural alterations of neuronal cells in a brain stem ganglioglioma (1987)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 74 (1987), S. 307-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Ganglioglioma ; Neuronal degeneration ; Ultrastructure ; Brain stem ; Brain tumor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A brain stem ganglioglioma in a 9-year-old female was examined ultrastructurally. The constituent neuronal (ganglion) cells displayed various ultrastructural features of neuronal degeneration including Hirano, Lafora and zebra bodies, inclusion-like aggregates of neurofilaments and large dilatations of rough endoplasmic reticulum. Although similar observations have been reported in peripheral neuronal tumors, this is the first reported occurrence in ganglioglioma, an uncommon tumor in the central nervous system. The coincidence of these alterations in the present tumor appeared to be of great interest, however, their exact etiology remained uncertain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688197
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Esthesioneuroblastoma: a nasal catecholamine-producing tumor of neural crest origin (1988)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 76 (1988), S. 522-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Esthesioneuroblastoma ; Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ultrastructure ; Catecholamine-producing tumor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An esthesioneuroblastoma in a 16-year-old male was studied ultrastructurally and immunohistochemically, using antiserum against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), a rate-limiting enzyme in the catecholamine-synthesizing pathway. Tumor cells were fairly uniform in appearance, showing scantly cosinophilic cytoplasm and round to oval hyperchromatic nuclei, and were arranged in nests and cords of various sizes. Ultrastructurally, individual tumor cells had well-developed cell organelles including polyribosomes, microtubules, intermediate filaments, centrioles, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria. Secretory-like granules were occasionally found, predominantly in the cell processes. Immunohistochemically, many tumor cells were shown to be immunoreactive for TH. This finding strongly suggested that the present tumor was capable of producing catecholamines and that it might be derived from certain sympathetic neuronal cell nests in the superior nasal cavity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686393
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