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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 86 (1987), S. 4678-4683 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Limiting molar conductances of the K+ and Cl− ions in heavy and light water have been determined at 5 °C as a function of pressure up to 1500 kgf cm−2 (1 kgf cm−2=0.9807×105 Pa) from the measured conductances and transference numbers of KCl. The residual friction coefficients (Δζ) are obtained for the cation and anion in D2O and H2O by using the determined limiting conductance and the bulk viscosity of solvent, and they are compared with the corresponding values predicted by applying the Hubbard–Onsager (HO) dielectric friction theory at various pressures below 1000 kgf cm−2. At atmospheric and high pressures, the solvent isotope and temperature effects on Δζ observed for the K+ ion are qualitatively in agreement with the theoretical prediction. However, the slightly positive pressure coefficients of Δζ(K+) are obtained in both solvents at 5 °C contrary to the theoretical prediction. Furthermore, Δζ(K+) in D2O at 5 °C is smaller than the theoretical one. These results suggest that another mechanism such as the passing through cavities one plays a more important role in ion migration of the K+ ion at lower temperatures and in D2O. On the other hand, the reverse solvent isotope and temperature effects on Δζ(Cl−), and the negative values of Δζ(Cl−) are found. These anomalies cannot be explained by the continuum theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 83 (1985), S. 280-287 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Limiting molar conductances of the K+ and Cl− ions in heavy and light water have been determined at 25 °C as a function of pressure up to 2 kbar from the measured conductances and transference numbers of KCl. The residual friction coefficients (Δζ) are obtained for the cation and the anion in D2O and H2O by using the determined limiting conductance and the bulk viscosity of solvent and compared with the corresponding values predicted by applying the Hubbard–Onsager (HO) dielectric friction theory at various pressures below 1 kbar. At atmospheric and high pressures Δζ of the K+ ion in D2O is larger than that in H2O just as predicted by the HO theory, but Δζ of the Cl− ion in D2O is smaller than that in H2O on the contrary to the theoretical prediction. The reverse solvent isotope effect on Δζ(Cl−) suggests that a microscopic viscosity in the vicinity of the relatively large ion is smaller than the bulk viscosity used in the continuum theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 267 (1989), S. 935-940 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Sodiumglycocholate ; octa-oxyethyleneglycolmono-n-decylether ; aggregationnumber ; surfacetension ; regularsolutiontreatment ; pyrenefluorescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The micellar properties of aqueous binary mixed solutions of sodium glycocholate, NaGC, and octa-oxyethylene glycol mono-n-decyl ether, C10E8, have been studied on the basis of surface tensions, the mean aggregation number and the polarity of the interior of the micelles. The mean aggregation number, measured by steady state quenching method, decreased with the increase of the mole fraction of NaGC in the mixed system. The polarity of the interior, estimated by the ratio of first and third vibronic peak in a monomeric pyrene fluorescence emission spectrum, suggested that the hydrophobicity of intramicelles increased with the increase of the mole fraction of NaGC in the mixed system. These are considered to be caused by the differences in the chemical structure and the hydrophobic nature between NaGC and C10E8. The mean aggregation number and the polarity of the interior for each micelle near the CMC in lower total concentration of surfactants showed the tendency approaching those of pure micelle of the nonionic surfactant. This suggests that the ratio of NaGC in the initial micelles in the range of lower total concentration near the CMC is lower than that of the corresponding prepared mole fraction in the mixed system. This lower value was confirmed also from theoretical calculation of the ratio of NaGC at the CMC in the mixed micelle by regular solution treatment of Rubingh in the solution.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Ethylene vinylalcohol copolymer ; EVAL multilayer ; hemo-dialysis ; rejection of albumin ; permeability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The surface modification of the membrane as an artificial kidney made of two kinds of ethylene-vinylalcohol copolymers with 32 and 44 mol % contents of ethylene group (EVAL) have been studied by depositing the polymer monolayer on the membrane surface using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique. The permeability to PSS (physiological salt solution) and albumin rejection of the membranes were measured against the number of multilayers. The UFR (ultrafiltration rate) of PSS containing albumin decreased with the increase of the built up layers up to 2 layers and showed constant values from 3 to 10 layers of LB films. On the other hand, albumin rejection increased with the increase of built up layers. Albumin rejection for these deposited membranes of multilayer of EVAL-32 showed 21 times effectiveness more than that of ordinary membrane and 16 times for EVAL-44. Modification of the membrane has been performed by such a network structure formed by the built-up films.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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