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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lectin histochemistry of human gliomas (1989)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1989), S. 176-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Histochemistry ; Lectins ; Gliomas ; Macrophages
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens of 24 human gliomas were examined histochemically with five lectins: concanavalin A (Con A), wheat germ agglutinin (WGA), Ricinus communis agglutinin 1 (RCA-1), peanut agglutinin (PNA), and Ulex europaeus agglutinin 1 (UEA-1). Although the staining intensity with lectins was variable, tumor cells in five astrocytomas, three oligodendrogliomas, six ependymomas, and one gliosarcoma, were generally positive for Con A, WGA, and RCA-1, and negative for PNA and UEA-1, whereas those in nine glioblastomas were usually positive for Con A and WGA and negative for RCA-1 and PNA as well as UEA-1. The malignancy in neoplastic astrocytes was correlated with the decrease in binding with lectins, especially RCA-1. Blood vessels, particularly the endothelial layers, in all gliomas were stained intensely with all lectins used. Macrophages showed two staining features with lectins; stippled and granular. The former macroplìages were positive for Con A, WGA, RCA-1, and PNA, and negative for UEA-1, whereas the latter macrophages were positive for all lectins used. Thus, the staining characteristics with lectins of macrophages were different from those of any glioma cells and very useful for identification of macrophages in gliomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294376
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New hybrid physical vapor deposition/organometallic chemical vapor deposition route to high Tc superconducting Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O thin films (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 2778-2780 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High Tc superconducting Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O thin films have been prepared by a novel hybrid technique that combines electron beam evaporation with organometallic chemical vapor deposition (OMCVD). Multilayer thin films of Ba-Ca-Cu-O are prepared by sequential evaporation of BaF2, CaF2, and Cu sources onto single-crystal MgO (100) or yttria-stabilized zirconia substrates followed by annealing in a water vapor-saturated oxygen atmosphere. Thallium is then incorporated in these films in either of two ways: (1) OMCVD using thallium(cyclopentadienide) as the source or (2) vapor diffusion using bulk Tl-Ba-Ca-Cu-O superconductor as the source. The resultant films are single phase, consisting predominantly of Tl1Ba2Ca2Cu3Ox with crystallite Cu-O planes preferentially oriented parallel to the substrate surface. Resistivity measurements indicate superconducting onset temperatures above 120 K with zero resistance by 104 K. By eliminating the water vapor in the initial anneal, fluoride (originating from the Ba and Ca sources) may be retained in the film. Upon T1 incorporation, this promotes formation of the Tl1Ba2Ca1Cu2Ox phase with preferential crystallite c-axis orientation perpendicular to the substrate surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102372
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oriented thin films of YBaCu(F)O with high Tc and Jc prepared by electron beam multilayer evaporation (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 1573-1575 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin films of YBaCu(F)O were deposited on SrTiO3(100) substrates by multilayer deposition from three electron guns containing Y, BaF2, and Cu under a pressure of 5×10−5 Torr of O2. The films were later annealed in a separate chamber under a flowing O2-H2O atmosphere. X-ray diffraction studies reveal that the resulting structure is highly oriented with the a axis perpendicular to the substrate. Scanning electron micrographs show a morphology consisting of an array of orthogonal, interconnecting bars with well-developed junctions. High-resolution electron microscopy and electron diffraction patterns show that these junctions are atomically abrupt and that the associated c axes are mutually perpendicular. These epitaxial films show a sharp resistive transition with Tc(R=0) as high as 90 K. The zero field critical current density, determined from magnetization measurements, is 2.9×106 A/cm2 at 4.2 K and 5.0×104 A/cm2 at 77 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101317
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of highly oriented CdS thin films by laser-evaporation deposition (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 1095-1097 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: CdS films have been grown by laser-evaporation deposition in a clean vacuum environment. The films are highly oriented with a c axis perpendicular to the surface, and are optically smooth and homogeneous. These high quality films should be useful in nonlinear integrated optics applications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99642
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microstructure studies of epitaxial YBa2Cu3O7–δ films (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 5505-5509 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin films of YBaCuO were prepared as a superlattice of three constituents on SrTiO3 (100) substrates from three electron guns using a dedicated, computer-controlled evaporator. The results indicate that the as-deposited thin films grow as a superlattice of the three constituents, with a mixture of amorphous and polycrystalline regions. After annealing, however, the multilayer films are converted to the homogeneous superconducting phase; the morphology, studied with transmission electron microscopy, consisted of an array of orthogonal interconnecting rectangular bars. The better films had Tc(R=0)=90 K and Jc=2.9×106 A/cm2 at 4.2 K. The selected area electron diffraction pattern, and the high-resolution electron microscopy images show that the interconnecting bars are single crystals of the 1-2-3 phase. During annealing, the growth rate along the a and b directions is faster than along the c direction. For the films with the a axis oriented perpendicular to the substrate, the grains nucleated directly on the (100) surface of the SrTiO3 and grow through to the film surface. The grain boundary of two interconnecting rectangular crystals (bars) is abrupt at the atomic level over most of the boundary. The superconducting films and the substrates have a well-defined epitaxial relationship; the b and c axes are parallel to the in-plane 〈001〉 substrate axes for the a-axis oriented films. Depending on the film preparation conditions, the c-axis can also be perpendicular to the substrate plane. The morphology of samples with poorer superconducting performance consists of somewhat randomly oriented crystal bars of the 1-2-3 phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.343702
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energetic particle stabilization of ballooning modes in finite-aspect-ratio tokamaks (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 31 (1988), S. 332-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The theory of energetic particle stabilization of ballooning modes in tokamaks is revisited. When the energetic particles are drift-reversed, a region of ballooning instability, akin to that which causes the Van Dam–Lee–Nelson limit [in Proceedings of the Workshop on EBT Ring Physics (Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 1980), p. 471; Phys. Fluids 23, 1850 (1980)] in magnetic mirrors, is identified. At higher values of core poloidal beta a "third'' region of stability is conjectured to occur. The inclusion of finite-aspect-ratio effects can eliminate ballooning instability completely when the energetic particles are non-drift-reversed, but the region of instability for drift-reversed particles persists. Requirements for energetic particle stabilization in large- and small-aspect-ratio tokamak experiments and reactors are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.866865
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser evaporation deposition of superconducting and dielectric thin films (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 52 (1988), S. 1825-1827 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We describe here the deposition of superconducting and dielectric thin films by the laser evaporation technique. The characterization of this process, and possible optimization with regards to wavelength and pulse duration of the laser will be discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99727
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deposition of superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O films at 400 °C without post-annealing (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 234-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Superconducting thin films of Y1Ba2Cu3O7−x were fabricated using the process of plasma-assisted laser deposition. The substrate temperature was as low as 400 °C and high-temperature post-annealing in an O2 atmosphere was not necessary. The as-deposited films have a Tc of ∼85 K, and are oriented mostly with the c axis perpendicular to the substrate surface. The measured Jc at 80 K was 105 A/cm2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.100585
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Loading and translocation of assimilate in the fine veins of sunflower leaves (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 8 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The time course of loading and transport of assimilate in sunflower leaves was examined by pulse labelling with 14CO2, followed by freeze drying or freeze substitution, and dry autoradiography at both low and high resolution. The five classes of veins, V1-V5 (V5 being smallest), show a division of function: V5 and V4 are engaged in loading and short distance transport; V3 to V1, in long distance translocation. The first high concentration of 14C is found in two or three phloem parenchyma cells (intermediary cells) of V5 and V4 veins. The sieve elements of V5 and V4 veins do not show comparable concentrations of 14C at any time. Recently assimilated 14C is transported by the intermediary cells for distances of about 0.5 mm to the V3 veins. In V3 to V1 veins translocation is in the sieve tubes. Transport in V5 and V4 veins is in two directions, that in V3 to V1, in one direction towards the petiole. The high concentration of 14C formed in the intermediary cells does not increase further as the assimilate moves to the sieve tubes of the V3 veins, and so is probably the origin of the gradient that drives translocation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1365-3040.ep11611718
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconducting arc-melted YBa2Cu3O7 (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 8 (1989), S. 1355-1357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00721520
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