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Active commuting to and from school and BMI in elementary school children – preliminary data (2005)

Heelan, K. A. ; Donnelly, J. E. ; Jacobsen, D. J. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Child 31 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2214

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine , Psychology

Notes: Background United States National Health Objectives include increasing the proportion of trips made by walking to and from school for children who live within 1.6 km to 50%. The purpose of this objective is to increase the level of physical activity among children. However, the impact of walking, bicycling or skating (active commuting) to and from school on the prevalence of overweight is unknown.Methods Body mass index (BMI) was measured for 320 children (age 10.2 ± 0.7 years) in September. Over 5 months, an active commuting index (SI) and daily physical activity were estimated via questionnaire. In April, BMI and body fat were measured.Results A significant positive association was found between April BMI and SI adjusting for September BMI (partial r = 0.03, P 〈 0.05). Positive associations were found between SI and physical activity before school (r = 0.17, P 〈 0.05) and daily moderate intensity physical activity (r = 0.13, P 〈 0.05). There were no significant association between SI and BF (P 〉 0.05).Conclusions This preliminary data suggests that active commuting does not appear to provide sufficient amounts of physical activity to attenuate BMI; however, it may contribute to the attainment of physical activity recommendations. Future research is needed to objectively measure the impact of active commuting on the prevalence of overweight.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2005.00513.x

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Pharmacokinetic evaluation of haemoperfusion in phenobarbital poisoning (1984)

Jacobsen, D. ; Wiik-Larsen, E. ; Dahl, T. ; [et al.]

Springer

European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 109-112

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ISSN: 1432-1041

Keywords: phenobarbital poisoning ; charcoal haemoperfusion ; distribution volume ; pharmacokinetics

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine

Notes: Summary Charcoal haemoperfusion was performed for 5–12 h in three patients with maximal plasma phenobarbital concentrations of 600, 946 and 1044 µmol/l (138, 217 and 240 µg/ml). During haemoperfusion with constant blood flow phenobarbital elimination followed first order kinetics with half-lives of 11.1, 10.0 and 7.2 h, respectively. After termination of the haemoperfusion there was no rebound effect in plasma phenobarbital concentration and the elimination was first order with half-lives of 51, 82 and 48 h, respectively. Thus, the plasma phenobarbital half-life was reduced by 78–88% during haemoperfusion. In the same period 76–86% of the total body clearance of phenobarbital was due to the haemoperfusion column at a calculated volume of distribution of phenobarbital of 1.1–1.2 l/kg. This is clear evidence for recommending haemoperfusion in cases of serious poisoning with phenobarbital.