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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    SOURCES OF RELATIVISTIC JETS IN THE GALAXY (1999)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 37 (1999), S. 409-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4146
    Quelle: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Black holes of stellar mass and neutron stars in binary systems are first detected as hard X-ray sources using high-energy space telescopes. Relativistic jets in some of these compact sources are found by means of multiwavelength observations with ground-based telescopes. The X-ray emission probes the inner accretion disk and immediate surroundings of the compact object, whereas the synchrotron emission from the jets is observed in the radio and infrared bands, and in the future could be detected at even shorter wavelengths. Black-hole X-ray binaries with relativistic jets mimic, on a much smaller scale, many of the phenomena seen in quasars and are thus called microquasars. Because of their proximity, their study opens the way for a better understanding of the relativistic jets seen elsewhere in the Universe. From the observation of two-sided moving jets it is inferred that the ejecta in microquasars move with relativistic speeds similar to those believed to be present in quasars. The simultaneous multiwavelength approach to microquasars reveals in short timescales the close connection between instabilities in the accretion disk seen in the X-rays, and the ejection of relativistic clouds of plasma observed as synchrotron emission at longer wavelengths. Besides contributing to a deeper understanding of accretion disks and jets, microquasars may serve in the future to determine the distances of jet sources using constraints from special relativity, and the spin of black holes using general relativity.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.astro.37.1.409
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    One-year follow-up of newly diagnosed irritable bowel syndrome patients (1999)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 13 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: : Irritable bowel syndrome is the most common functional gastrointestinal disorder seen by general physicians.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods: We followed up a population-based cohort of newly diagnosed irritable bowel syndrome patients aged 20–79 years, to examine patterns of treatment, comorbidity and healthcare utilization. We used the UK General Practice Research Database as the source population. Individuals with other gastrointestinal diseases, cancer and pregnant women were not included. There were 2956 patients in our final cohort.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Results: Irritable bowel syndrome patients were mainly young and middle-aged; only 12% were 60 years or older. The majority of patients were women (74%). There were no marked differences in terms of use of healthcare services or comorbidity status in the year before irritable bowel syndrome diagnosis as compared to the year after. Fourteen per cent of irritable bowel syndrome patients received no drug treatment at all. Among those treated, the first choice was an antispasmodic. Elderly patients (〉 60 years old) were more likely to receive drug treatment. Females had a slightly higher probability of being treated than men, except for the category of anti-diarrhoeal drugs.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusion: This study has shown that irritable bowel syndrome patients are mainly young and female. We also found that treatment pattern varied according to age and gender. Elderly patients and females were at a higher risk of receiving drug treatment.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.1999.00576.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hafnia alvei as an opportunistic pathogen causing mortality in brown trout, Salmo trutta L. (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 21 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Strains of Hafnia alvei caused mortalities in brown trout, Salmo trutta L., following intraperitoneal injection with LD50 values ranging between 1.3 × 104 and 2.5 × 107 bacteria fish−−1. These values are considered to represent a high to moderate degree of virulence. Virulent strains were isolated from non-fish sources. Fish surviving the LD50 values continued to harbour the organism in the kidney, suggesting the establishment of a carrier state.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2761.1998.00116.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ANISOTROPIC MASS OUTFLOW IN REGIONS OF STAR FORMATION (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 395 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb43393.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Group coancestry-controlled selection in a Pinus sylvestris L. breeding program (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 73-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Schlagwort(e): Key words Breeding program ; Coancestry ; Genetic diversity ; Group coancestry ; Integer linear programming ; Selection
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract  Integer Linear Programming was used to maximize genetic gain from selection at a given level of relatedness. Variances and breeding values for total height were available for 296 plus-trees of Pinus sylvestris which had been evaluated by open-pollinated progeny testing at a single test site in northern Sweden. Second-generation breeding and selection scenarios for this breeding population were evaluated using simulated data derived deterministically from normal distributions of estimated breeding values of progeny around mid-parent family means. The study considered two mating designs, assortative and non-assortative single-pair mating, and two selection criteria, individual phenotype and performance of half-sib progeny. Relatedness (group coancestry) was restricted to a level equivalent to that given by within-family selection of 2 trees per family from each of 25 families (the current standard in Sweden). Selection that allows the best-performing families to contribute a greater number of progeny was superior, both when the breeding population size was limited to 50 individuals and when it was allowed to be larger. The selected set giving the greatest average breeding value under restricted group coancestry included the best individual from families that would have been rejected under application of standard within-family selection. We made a comparison of the present value on retrieved gain between phenotypic selection and evaluation by progeny testing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051210
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Influence of food quantity and temperature on development and growth of the marine copepod Calanus chilensis from northern Chile (1997)
    Springer
    Marine biology 128 (1997), S. 281-288 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract An experiment under laboratory conditions was conducted to test the hypothesis that development and growth of copepodite stages in Calanus chilensis are temperature-dependent and not subject to food shortage in the upwelling area of the Humboldt Current, northern Chile. Field data obtained from June 1994 to May 1995 in Bahía Mejillones (23°S) were used to define four combinations of temperature and food under which copepodites were reared from Stage CIII to adulthood. The high temperature was 18.1 °C and the low temperature 13.1 °C, whereas the high food level was in the range of 6.8 to 24.8 μg l−1 chlorophyll a and the low level 1.0 to 6.8 μg l−1 chlorophyll a. As food a mixture of three unknown species of phytoflagellates and the diatom Navicula cryptocephala was used. This phytoplankton was initially obtained from the same sampling sites as copepods and kept in f/2 media at stable levels and composition throughout the experiment. The development rate (1/t), estimated from the time (t) elapsing between Stage CIV and adult, was significantly affected by both temperature and food, although low-food effects were much more remarkable. Low-food conditions also significantly reduced body length and “structural” (lipid-discounted) body mass at adulthood, while temperature only affected body length. The weight-specific growth rate was also affected by food and temperature, but again food effects were much more drastic. The results indicate that C. chilensis is a highly sensitive species to lack of food, and is possibly subject to food shortage during its annual cycle in the coastal upwelling area of northern Chile. Food limitation may help explain the seasonal pattern of adult size reported by previous studies in the area and the lack of consistence between the number of generations predictable from a temperature-dependent model and that observed in the field during the annual cycle.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050093
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Microquasars in our Galaxy (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 392 (1998), S. 673-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Microquasars are stellar-mass black holes in our Galaxy that mimic, on a smaller scale, many of the phenomena seen in quasars. Their discovery opens the way for a new understanding of the connection between the accretion of matter onto black holes and the origin of the relativistic jets observed in ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/33603
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Compact protoplanetary disks around the stars of a young binary system (1998)
    [s.l.] : Macmillan Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 395 (1998), S. 355-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Quelle: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Notizen: [Auszug] Planet formation is believed to occur in the disks of gas and dust that surround young solar-type stars. Most stars, however, form in multiple systems, where the presence of a close companion could affect the structure of the disk and perhaps interfere with planet formation. It has been ...
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/26421
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electrical conductivity of very anisotropic systems, coherencevs. diffusion (1983)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 2 (1983), S. 1376-1382 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Schlagwort(e): Theory of electronic transport ; scattering mechanisms
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Riassunto La conduttività elettrica dei composti pseudounidimensionali è calcolata usando due modelli e i valori ottenuti sono confrontati. Si mostra che in entrambi i casi (coerente e diffusivo) il rapporto tra conduttività perpendicolare e parallela cresce col quadrato del fattore anisotropia.
    Kurzfassung: Резюме Используя дбе модели, вычисляется электрическая проводимосты пвевдо-одномерных соединений. Ролученные результаты сравниваются между собой. Показывается, что в обоих случаях (когерентном и диффузном) отношение между перпендикулярной и параллельной проводимостями растет как квадрат фактора анизотропии.
    Notizen: Summary The electrical conductivity of pseudo-one-dimensional compounds is calculated by using two models and the resulting values are compared. It is shown that in both cases (coherent and diffusive) the ratio between the perpendicular and the parallel conductivity grows as the square of the anisotropy factor.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02460220
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Transversal magnetoresistance in Hg3-δAsF6 (1984)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 3 (1984), S. 326-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Schlagwort(e): Studies of specific magnetic materials
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Riassunto L’indipendenza della magnetoresistenza trasversale dalla temperature in Hg3-δAsF6 è spiegata nel contesto di un’equazione cinetica con solo un tempo di rilassamento. Si fa uso esplicito della forma spettrale della superficie energetica di Fermi del composto.
    Kurzfassung: Резюме В контексте кинетического уравнения с одним временем релаксации объясняется отсутствие температурной зависимости поперечного магнитосопротивления в Hg3-δAsF6. В явном виде используется спектральная форма энергетической поверхности Ферми для этого соединения.
    Notizen: Summary Temperature independence of the transversal magnetoresistance in Hg3-δAsF6 is explained in the context of a kinetic equation with only one relaxation time. Explicit use of the spectral form of the Fermi energy surface of the compound is made.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02457462
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