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  • 1980-1984  (11)
  • 1960-1964  (6)
  • 1900-1904  (2)
Materialart
Erscheinungszeitraum
Jahr
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 51 (1982), S. 197-220 
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Schlagwort(e): Acute toxicity ; LD50 method
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract 170 acute toxicity determinations, carried out in rats, mice, and guinea pigs after oral and parenteral administration during the past 5 years, using 5 ♂/5 ♀ animals per dose, were evaluated with respect to the possibility of a reduction of animals necessary for obtaining LD50 values with limits of confidence. Calculations were performed on existing data; no additional animal experiments were initiated for the purpose of this paper. For the majority of substances 3 ♂/3 ♀ animals per dose would have sufficed for the determination of a LD50 value with limits of confidence. Even when using 2 ♂/2 ♀ animals per dose, in most cases sufficently acceptable LD50 values can be determined, if the period of observation — conventionally 4 weeks — would be doubled. Using this procedure, 75% of the animals could be saved. The reduced number of animals and the labor saved thereby would allow for a more individualized observation of single animals thus optimizing the evaluation of acute toxicity testing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 69 (1903), S. 100-131 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 60 (1900), S. 297-321 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    The European physical journal 166 (1962), S. 590-593 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Samples of metallic silver and cerium-oxide have been irradiated with 31 MeV and 34 MeV bremsstrahlung. Relative yields of the induced activities have been obtained by counting the emitted gamma-quanta or byβ-counting. The yield ratio Y [Ag107 (γ, n) Ag106m ]/Y [Ag107 (γ, n) Ag106g ] for 34 MeV bremsstrahlung was found to be (0.08±0.02). The corresponding ratio Y [Ce140 (γ, n) Ce139m ]/Y [Ce140 (γ, n) Ce139g ] at 31 MeV was (0.19±0.01).
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    The European physical journal 165 (1961), S. 485-490 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Li2CO3 and Na2C4H8O8 have been irradiated by 34 MeV bremsstrahlung. The yield of the induced O15 activity has been measured relative to the yield of the C12(γ, n)C11 resp. Cu63(γ, n)Cu62 reaction by detecting the annihilation quanta. Additional yield measurements with the bremsstrahlung beam attenuated by 18 mm of lead were made to determine the ratio of the integrated cross sections for the reactions O16(γ, n)O15 and C12(γ, n)C11 resp. Cu63(γ, n)Cu62. Using the cross section ofBarber et al. for C12(γ, n)C11, the cross section integrated up to 33 MeV for O16(γ, n)O15 was obtained to 61±7 MeVmb.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    The European physical journal 309 (1982), S. 183-184 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Mass distributions of fission-like fragments from the system 271 MeV40Ar+165Ho have been measured as a function of the angle. An expected dependence of the mass distribution width on angle due to the claimed contribution of “fast fission” could not be observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    The European physical journal 171 (1963), S. 403-415 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung 1. Der aus dem Spektrum der Photoneutronen aus C12 zu ermittelnde Wirkungsquerschnitt für C12 (γ, n 0) C11 stimmt in seinem Verlaufe im wesentlichen mit dem Wirkungsquerschnitt für C12 (γ, n) C11 überein, enthält aber darüberhinaus deutliche Anzeichen einer komplexen Struktur. 2. Der aus dem Spektrum der Photoneutronen aus O16 ermittelte Wirkungsquerschnitt für O16 (γ, n 0) O15 stimmt mit dem Neutronenerzeugungsquerschnitt überein und zeigt wie dieser zwei ausgeprägte Linien, die mit den bereits aus der Untersuchung der Protonenspektren, der Totalabsorption vonγ-Quanten und der Reaktion N15 (p, γ 0) O16 bekannten Resonanzen imγ-Absorptionswirkungsquerschnitt beiE=22,2 und 24,2 MeV übereinstimmen. 3. Sowohl bei C12 als auch bei O16 stimmt $$\sigma _{(\gamma ,n_0 )} $$ mit $$\sigma _{(\gamma ,p_0 )} $$ in der Form — d.h., soweit erkennbar, auch in der Feinstruktur — wie im absoluten Betrage überein. 4. Bei der (γ, n)-Reaktion an C12 und O16 überwiegen die Übergänge zu den Grundzuständen der Folgekerne.
    Notizen: Abstract The (γ, n)-reactions on carbon and oxygen were studied using the 30,5 MeV brems-strahlung beam of the Heidelberg betatron. The photoneutrons were detected via the recoil protons in a stilbene scintillator. The pulse height spectrum of scintillations produced in the stilbene crystal by the recoil protons is analyzed to yield the incident neutron energy distribution. Theγ-ray and electron background was strongly reduced through pulse shape discrimination. To test the apparatus the spectrum of the neutrons from a Po-α-Be source was measured. The energy spectrum of the photo-neutrons from O16 shows clearly two peaks at excitation energies of 22,4 and 24,4 MeV also seen in the photo-proton spectra. The energy distribution of the neutrons from C12 (γ, n) too contains indication of structure already known from the proton spectra from C12 (γ, p). The derived cross sections of C12 (γ, n 0) and O16 (γ, n 0) coincide as well in their shape as in their absolute magnitude with the corresponding (γ, p 0)-cross sections. In both C12 (γ, n) and O16 (γ, n)-reaction the neutrons seem to leave the final nucleus mainly in its ground state.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    The European physical journal 171 (1963), S. 416-423 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Water enriched to 97% in O18 and liquid nitrogen were irradiated with 30,5 MeV bremsstrahlung. The energy distribution of emitted neutrons between 2,5 MeV and 20 MeV was measured via the recoil protons in a stilbene scintillator. The energy spectrum of photoneutrons from N14 shows maxima at 3,0, 6,5 and 11 MeV, whereas that of neutrons from O18 contains only indication of structure. For both nuclei emission of neutrons seems to proceed mainly through transitions into excited levels of the final nuclei.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract The number and energy spectra of neutrons evaporated by the heavy and light fragments in deep inelastic collisions have been obtained for the system 240 MeV40Ar +197Au. They indicate that at the scission point the deformation energy is a large part of the total excitation energy espe cially for the light fragment. In the last two years, neutron emission has been studied in deep inelastic reactions1−6. All the results are similar: the incident energy which is lost during the process is transformed into excitation energy of the final fragments and is shared between the two products proportionnally to their masses. This means that the nuclear temperature was uniform in the composite system. The excitation energy equilibration time is really very short since equilibration is achieved after reaction times as small as 10−22 s2,6. Moreover, no preequilibrium emission (direct neutrons-) has been observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    The European physical journal 298 (1980), S. 207-211 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Abstract Evaporation residue cross sections for the fusion of52Cr and110Pd were studied at four energies close to the barrier (up toE CM −E B =26 MeV). The cross sections were analysed using a multiple-chance fission/evaporation calculation. Agreement with the data is obtained with a fission barrier reduced by 40 to 20%, depending on incident energy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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