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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 15 (1982), S. 45-54 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 55 (1983), S. 202-214 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 60 (1982), S. 1245-1248 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Chronic salt loading ; Volume expansion ; Glomerular filtration rate ; Tubuloglomerular feedback ; Humoral substances in tubular fluid ; Chronische Salzbelastung ; Volumenexpansion ; Glomeruläre Filtrationsrate ; Tubuloglomeruläre Rückkoppelung ; Humorale Substanzen in tubulärer Flüssigkeit
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei normalem Extrazellulärvolumen reduziert der Harnfluß durch das macula densa Segment der Henle'schen Schleife die glomeruläre Filtrationsrate durch ein Signal aus dem juxtaglomerulären Apparat (tubuloglomerulärer Rückkopplungsmechanismus, TGF). Bei Vergrößerung des Extrazellulärvolumens wird dieser Mechanismus gehemmt, so daß die glomeruläre Filtrationsrate ansteigt. Um festzustellen, ob diese Hemmung durch Veränderungen im juxtaglomerulären Apparat oder in der Tubulusflüssigkeit verursacht wird, wurden an zwei Gruppen von Ratten, deren Extrazellulärvolumen entweder normal war oder durch kochsalzreiche Ernährung expandiert wurde, Austauschversuche mit spätproximaler Tubulusflüssigkeit durchgeführt. Die Tubulusflüssigkeit wurde mit Mikrosaug/Perfusionspumpen gesammelt. Ihre Wirkung auf den TGF wurde geschätzt, indem Henle'sche Schleifen einzelner Tubuli mit 40, 10, und 0 nl/min perfundiert wurden, während gleichzeitig der Harnfluß (EPF) in einem glomerulusnahen Segment des jeweiligen proximalen Tubulus gemessen wurde. Insalzreich ernährten Tieren war die EPF von der Schleifenperfusionsrate unabhängig, wenn die Henle'schen Schleifen mithomologer Tubulusflüssigkeit perfundiert wurden. Mit Tubulusflüssigkeit aussalzarm ernährten Tieren und einer Schleifenperfusionsrate von 40 nl/min fiel die EPF jedoch um etwa 50% gegenüber dem Kontrollwert bei nichtperfundierter Schleife ab. Insalzarm ernährten Tieren, deren Henle'sche Schleifen mithomologer Tubulusflüssigkeit und einer Rate von 40 nl/min perfundiert wurden, fiel die EPF um etwa 50% gegenüber dem Kontrollwert bei nicht perfundierter Schleife ab. Mit Tubulusflüssigkeit aussalzreich ernährten Tieren war die EPF von der Schleifenperfusionsrate unabhängig. Es wird gefolgert, daß der TGF in volumenexpandierten Tieren durch eine Substanz in der Tubulusflüssigkeit gehemmt wird.
    Notes: Summary Experiments were carried out in Wistar rats to determine whether the loss of sensitivity of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism (TGF) which is known to occur in volume expansion is due to a change in the functional characteristics of the juxtaglomerular apparatus or to a change in some property of the tubular fluid which influences the feedback signal at the macula densa. Proximal tubular fluid was collected by means of a microperfusion/suction pump from Wistar rats maintained for a minimum of 10 days on a high salt diet and also from rats fed a control low salt diet. Both fluids were then used to perfuse loops of Henle in rats from both groups and the feedback response assessed from the change in early proximal tubular flow rate (EPF). In high salt rats, perfusion of the loop of Henle with homologous tubular fluid confirmed the loss of sensitivity of the TGF mechanism in volume expansion, the response of EPF was practically absent. In contrast, the low salt rat responded with a 50% decrease in EPF to loop perfusion at 40 nl/min with its homologous fluid. On the other hand, when the loop of Henle in high salt rats was perfused at 40 nl/min with heterologous (low salt) tubular fluid, EPF again decreased by some 50% whereas EPF in low salt rats failed to respond to loop perfusion with high salt fluid. From these results it is concluded that in rats chronically volume expanded by a high salt diet an unknown inhibitory principle occurs in the proximal tubular fluid which reduces the sensitivity of the tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 23 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: American eels, Anguilla rostrata, obtained from an aquaculture facility in South Carolina were examined for diseases and bacterial pathogens were isolated and identified. During the first year of culture, only a small number of bacterial pathogens and diseases were detected in glass and elver stages. This observation appears to be associated with a natural immunity to disease and/or administering the antibacterial compound, nitrofurazone. There was also a positive correlation between the use of nitrofurazone and the isolation of nitrofurazone resistant strains of Aeromonas hydrophila. A higher incidence of bacterial pathogens and/or disease occurred during the process of culling and in older eels during warmer months. The primary aetiological agent of disease of cultured eels was A. hydrophila. Other potential pathogens isolated included A. salmonicida, Vibrio spp. and Pseudomonas spp.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Mice were injected for 1–2 months daily with 10 mg immunoglobulin G (IgG) from four patients with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS); control mice were injected with pooled human IgG from normal donors. Gastrocnemius muscles were homogenised for the assay of acetylcholine (ACh), choline acetyltrans-ferase (ChAT), and cholinesterase (ChE). The ACh, ChAT, and ChE contents of gastrocnemius muscles from “LEMS mice” were about the same as the control values, which were 180 pmol, 40 nmol * h−1 (37°C), and 15 μmol * h−1 (37°C), respectively. Hemidiaphragms were treated with an irreversible ChE inhibitor (Soman) and incubated at 20°C for estimation of ACh release. Resting ACh release from experimental muscles was reduced by about 25% (P2 〈 0.05) and the release evoked by 3 s−1 nervous stimulation by 50% (P2 〈 0.05). On the other hand, 50 mM KCl-induced transmitter release was not abnormal in LEMS mice. The findings indicate that IgG antibody from patients with LEMS may bind to nerve terminal determinants that are involved in quantal and nonquantal ACh release.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 37 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Acetylcholine synthesis in homogenates of human intercostal muscle was measured by a radiochemical method. Choline acetyltransferase activity in control muscle was about 20 nmol.g−1.h−1. The enzyme was found only in the endplate area of the muscle. At high substrate concentrations its activity was overshadowed by the acetylcholine synthesizing activity of a different enzyme not saturated by 10 mm-choline. The nonspecific enzyme was present at and away from the endplate area. Choline acetyltransferase in parasternal samples of intercostal muscle from myasthenia gravis patients was about 2.5 times higher than in samples, taken from a more lateral location, of control patients, but the Km for choline was not altered (0.24 mm). It is suggested that in myasthenia gravis the shortage of acetylcholine receptors is partially compensated for by increased synthesis, storage, and release of the transmitter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Microbiology 38 (1984), S. 315-338 
    ISSN: 0066-4227
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Government and opposition 17 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-7053
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Political Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Extracts of the tunicate Ecteinascidia turbinate were used in preventing Aeromono hydrophila infection in the American eel, Anguilla rostrata. Intraperitoneal injection of the extract 2 days after bacterial challenge was shown to increase dramatically eel phagocytic activity and resistance to disease. Intravenous injection of the extract 2 days post-bacterial injection was shown to increase antibody titres. This study helps to substantiate the possible use of E. turbinata extract in treating eel diseases. The exact nature of its protective effect will be dependent on the time and route of its delivery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Colposcopic, histological and cytological characteristics of 168 consecutive patients attending a colposcopy clinic were reviewed. A group of patients demonstrated a cluster of histological features previously related to possible human papilloma virus infection of cervical epithelium, including particularly koilocytosis, double nucleation and dyskeratosis. These patients had a significantly greater occurrence of colposcopic ‘finger-like’ lesion outline and colposcopic impression of warty change, but not of other specific colposcopic features. Over two-thirds of patients with histological warty features did not show these colposcopic changes. Cytological changes previously related to warty lesions did not occur commonly, and appeared to underestimate the histological occurrence of such changes. Histological changes considered to represent CIN were uncommon in patients who said that they had begun sexual activity less than 10 years ago, whereas patients with warty characteristics on histology showed no such bias.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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