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  • 1980-1984  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Safety evaluation of gums and thickeners used in cosmetic formulations (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 4 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Safety tests have been carried out on gums and thickeners, continuing a study involving commonly used cosmetic ingredients (1, 2, 3, 4). The ocular and cutaneous tolerance tests have been conducted on the rabbit following the official French methods (5, 6) but with some complements or modifications (1, 2, 3, 4, 7). The test substances (listed in Table 1) were products from various suppliers and of different types and grades. None of the fifty samples tested provoked pathological lesions of the ocular mucous membrane; nevertheless, corneal irritation was noted with silicates, silica and bentonite, probably due to mechanical effect, when applied at relatively high concentration. The highest score on the primary cutaneous irritancy test (moderately irritant) was that for the gelled volatile hydrocarbon solvents. The repeated application test was continued for 6 weeks: no significant pathological reaction was observed. Only a slight intolerance was noted with the gels of volatile hydrocarbons and isopropyl myristate, but the irritant reactions were significantly reduced compared to those previously observed with the pure oils (1, 2). Consequently, based on these data, it can be concluded that the use of gums and thickeners involved in this publication presents no hazard for the skin. Evaluation toxicologique d'agents gélifiants et épaississants utilisés en cosmetologie
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1982.tb00300.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Safety evaluation of some humectants and moisturizers used in cosmetic formulations (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 4 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Safety tests have been carried out on some humectants and moisturizers, continuing a study involving commonly used cosmetic ingredients (1–6). The test substances (listed in Table I) were products from various suppliers and of different types and grades. The ocular and cutaneous tolerance tests have been conducted on animals following the official French methods but with some complements or modifications (28–36). Each compound has been tested as supplied and diluted in water. Pathological lesions of the ocular mucous membrane were provoked by lactic acid at 20 and 10% concentrations. A slight corneal opacity was also noted with ethoxydiglycol and polyamino sugar condensate and a significant irritation with hexylene glycol (non-diluted). In dilutions of 10 or 20%, these substances were non-irritating. Only one product (lactic acid) has given a moderate primary cutaneous irritation (PII = 2.50), when applied undiluted. The indices obtained with the other raw materials correspond to a non-irritating application.With the exception of lactic acid (the study being terminated after 1 week), no significant adverse reaction was macroscopically and histologically observed after daily application (neat) for 6 weeks.Finally, the predictive sensitizing tests (guinea-pig) carried out with two samples of propylene glycol proved to be negative. Evaluation toxicologique d'agents d'hydratation utilisés en cosmétologie
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1982.tb00301.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anti-irritant potential of cosmetic raw materials and formulations (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 5 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The investigation studied the anti-irritant potential of several substances commonly employed in cosmetic formulations as basic components of the emulsion or as active ingredients, and evaluated the effect of the emulsifier. Five different emulsions were made irritating by addition of croton oil, in sufficient quantity to provoke a clearly adverse reaction in the rabbit, i.e. primary cutaneous irritation index (PII) close to 2. The PII was determined according to the official French methods by applying to symmetrical areas of the back, the irritant base as control and the same base containing the test substance. Fifty-five ingredients were evaluated: gelling agents, plant extracts, molecules defined as healing, anti-inflammatory substances or anaesthesic compounds, etc. The test substances were added to the emulsion at concentrations close to the ones generally found in cosmetics. The qualitative and the quantitative composition of the oil phase was similar for each emulsion.Several gelling agents, thickeners and polymers which notably reduce skin contact with an irritant, gave good results. Some of the usual healing, anti-inflammatory, local anaesthesic compounds gave the expected results. Some ingredients, though well known, were ineffective. The type of emulsifier, by modifying cutaneous penetration and bio-availability of the active ingredients, may play an important role. Le potential anti-irritant de constituants de base et compositions cosmétiques
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2494.1983.tb00350.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Raman spectrum of hydronium (H3O+) ions in aqueous acids (1982)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 86 (1982), S. 3231-3233 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100213a031
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A thermodynamic approach for emulsion copolymerization (1980)
    Basel : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie, Rapid Communications 1 (1980), S. 697-702 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-2803
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.1980.030011108
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics and thermodynamic aspects of emulsion copolymerization. Acrylonitrile-styrene copolymerizationLecture on the 2nd International Microsymposium on “Emulsion Polymerization”, Oktober 20-22, 1980, in Leipzig/GDR (1981)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Acta Polymerica 32 (1981), S. 593-600 
    Details
    ISSN: 0323-7648
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Emulsionscopolymerisation von Acrylnitril und Styren wird unter kinetischen und thermodynamischen Gesichtspunkten betrachtet. Die Copolymerisation erwies sich als ein sehr brauchbares Mittel zur Untersuchung des Mechanismus der Emulsionspolymerisation. Es konnte gezeigt werden, daß zumindest bei der Acrylnitril-Styren-Copolymerisation Hauptort der Polymerisation die mit Monomer gequollenen Polymerteilchen sind. Der Thermodynamik bietet eine geeignete Basis zur Prozeßkontrolle der Emulsionscopolymerisation, um Copolymere mit vorherbestimmter Zusammensetzung und Teilchengröße zu erhalten.
    Notes: Emulsion copolymerization of acrylonitrile and styrene is considered from the kinetic and thermodynamic point of view. Copolymerization proved a very useful tool for investigating emulsion polymerization mechanism. It is shown that, at least for AN/S copolymerization, the main site for polymerization is the monomer swollen polymer particle. Thermodynamics is an appropriated base for the process control of emulsion copolymerization to prepare copolymers of controlled composition and particle size.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/actp.1981.010321002
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