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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 17 (1984), S. 1421-1425 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Radiation and environmental biophysics 17 (1980), S. 169-185 
    ISSN: 1432-2099
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Summary The present paper demonstrates that neutron-photon pairs from radiative capture of stopped pions on chemically bound protons can be used to measure the range of negative pions within phantoms or a patient. Experimental results are given for a polyethylene and a water target of realistic size as well as for a Rando phantom. Monte-Carlo calculations were carried out in order to study the influence of various sizes of treatment volumes, detector geometries and neutron scattering within the targets upon the accuracy of the pion range determination. The results reveal clearly that a pion range monitor for the control of therapy plans and for actual patient irradiations can be designed according to the proposed principle. The absorbed dose required for a measurement is of the order of 0.1 Gy for a single pion beam if one aims at an accuracy of range determination of a few millimeters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 19 (1980), S. 131-136 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Computed tomography ; Ventricular system ; External CSF spaces ; Normal values of CSF spaces
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes in the width of the CSF space throughout life were studied in CT scans of 170 healthy individuals. The internal and external CSF spaces were evaluated using parameters which can also be employed in routine clinical studies. Tables of normal values for the CSF spaces at various ages are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 317 (1984), S. 527-538 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Am Beispiel der Kobaltbestimmung in der Luft-Acetylen-Flamme wird mittels statistischer Versuchsplanung der Einfluß von acht wesentlichen, variierbaren Parametern auf die Präzision (RSD) untersucht. Zusätzlich werden durch Blockbildung in Faktorversuchen die Wirkungen von Geräte- und Brennertyp auf die RSD erfaßt. Für die Wirkungsfläche wurde ein Modellansatz gewählt, der nach vorliegenden experimentellen und theoretischen Kenntnissen auch die Beurteilung quadratischer Wechselwirkungen erlaubt. Die erreichbare Präzision der Kupferbestimmung in der Luft- und N2O-Acetylen-Flamme wurde mittels eines teilfaktoriellen Versuchsplanes mit den Variablen Acetylengasflußrate, Brennerdrehung, HKL-Stromstärke, Beobachtungshöhe und Gesamtsalzkonzentration studiert. Die Optimierung der signifikanten Parameter erfolgt nach der BoxWilson-Methode. Für die Chrombestimmung in der N2O-Acetylen-Flamme wurden die signifikanten Parameter Acetylengasflußrate, Beobachtungshöhe und Spaltbreite mit der SIMPLEX-Methode optimiert. An ausgewählten Proben erfolgte unter optimalen Bedingungen die Ermittlung der zufälligen und systematischen Meß- und Verfahrensfehler für Kupfer- und Kobaltbestimmungen. Es wird eine Übersicht zur rationellen Optimierung von FAAS-Analysenverfahren für Hauptkomponentenbestimmungen gegeben.
    Notes: Summary The influence of eigth essential adjustable parameters on the precision of the Co-determination in the airacetylene-flame was investigated by means of a design of experiments. Additionally, the effect of the apparatus and burner type on the precision (RSD) was determined by means of block-formation and factorial design. A model statement for response surfaces was chosen in order to find out the quadratic interrelations on the basis of known experimental results and theoretical considerations. The influence of the C2H2-gas-flow-rate, burner rotation, hollow-cathode lamp current, observation height and total salt concentration on the precision of the Cu-determination in air-C2H2- and N2O-C2H2-flame was investigated by means of a fractional factorial design. The optimization of the significant parameters was successful by using the Box-Wilson method. The optimized instrumental parameters C2H2-gas-flow rate, observation height and slit wide were ascertained by applying the SIMPLEX-method for the Cu-determination in the N2O-C2H2-flame. The random and the systematic errors of the measurement and of the complete analytical procedure were determined for the Cu- and Co-determination in chosen samples under optimized conditions. A general outline is given for the effective elaboration of FAAS-procedures in order to determine main components with optimal precision and accuracy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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