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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in reciprocal ia inhibition during voluntary contraction in man (1984)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 53 (1984), S. 400-408 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: H-reflex ; Ia inhibition ; Tonic voluntary contraction ; Ankle muscles ; Man
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Reciprocal Ia inhibition from ankle flexors to extensors was studied during voluntary tonic isometric dorsiflexion and plantar flexion in five normal subjects. The Ia inhibition was examined as the short-latency suppression of the soleus H-reflexes by stimulation of the low-threshold afferents in the common peroneal nerve (Mizuno et al. 1971). At rest, weak Ia inhibition was demonstrated in four subjects out of five, the maximal amount being 14.1 ± 5.0% suppression of the control H-reflex. The absolute amount of inhibition, which was calculated by subtracting the mean size of the conditioned H-reflex from that of the control H-reflex and expressed as a percentage of the maximal M-response, increased during ankle dorsiflexion, and decreased or disappeared during plantar flexion in parallel with the amount of contraction. The neural mechanisms for facilitation of the Ia inhibitory pathway during dorsiflexion were considered to support the hypothesis of “α-γ-linkage in reciprocal inhibition”, i.e. combined facilitatory effects on the Ia inhibitory interneurone from the supraspinal centers directly and indirectly via the γ motoneurone — Ia afferent route. The mechanism for inhibition of the pathway during plantar flexion was considered to be inhibition of the Ia interneurone of the flexor side by Ia interneurone of antagonist extensors. A quantitative aspect of activity in the reciprocal Ia inhibitory pathway on the performance of voluntary movement is revealed in this study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238170
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthese von Polyamiden aus N-Malonsäurediestern von Uracil und Theophyllin (1980)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 258 (1980), S. 1209-1210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01382484
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extrusion of lysosomal bodies from apical mouse retinal pigment epithelium (1981)
    Springer
    Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology 216 (1981), S. 209-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-702X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of 1– 24-month-old CF-1 mice was examined by both light and electron microscopy. Measurement of the area occupied by lysosomal bodies was carried out using a semiautomatic quantitative picture analyzing system (Kontron-EKO). Accumulation of lysosomal bodies in the apical RPE cytoplasm was the most characteristic feature in eyes over 12 months of age. The relative volume of lysosomal bodies to each RPE cytoplasm was maximal in 24-month-old mice RPE, approximately three times that of 3-month-old mice. Complicated lysosomal bodies and small lysosomal bodies were also observed in the dilated microvilli, in the apices of the apical RPE cytoplasm and in the subretinal spaces in eyes over 18 months of age. The passway and extrusive mechanism of lysosomal bodies are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408162
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonequilibrium thermodynamics of lasing and bistable optical systems (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 23 (1980), S. 281-313 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Lebowitz model of many-reservoir open systems ; stochastic calculus ; detailed balance ; heat engine ; nonlinear Onsager coefficient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A simple model of nonlinear optical systems exhibiting instability—such as in laser action and in bistable absorption—is presented that provides a prototype of nonequilibrium thermodynamics on a statistical basis. The adiabatic reduction of the atomic degrees of freedom in a revised Langevin treatment establishes a fully consistent framework in which the active electromagnetic field mode is in contact with two thermal reservoirs (the cavity and the atoms) as well as being acted upon by an external field. The results are summarized by the first and second laws,dE=δW+δQ c +δQ A anddS ⩾ δQc/¯Tc+δQA/¯TA, with the statistical mechanical representations of the entities therein exhibiting the nature of the mode; i.e., (a) a heat-engine structure operating between two reservoirs of temperatures¯T c 〉 0 and¯T A 〈 0 for the laser, and (b) a nonlinear response against external work balanced by a single reservoir (¯ T c = ¯T A ) for the absorptive bistability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01011370
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shock compaction of TiN-TiC powders (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 2 (1983), S. 673-674 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00720396
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental study on sexual behavior between mother and son in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) (1981)
    Springer
    Primates 22 (1981), S. 494-502 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A mother, her adult son, four adult males and six adult females from a free-ranging group at Katsuyama were paired in a cage in the sexual seasons from 1976 to 1980. The paired subjects were classified into the following three types: mother and son, familiar pairs and unfamiliar pairs. The familiar pairs consisted of monkeys who had been in the Katsuyama group until about six months before the experiment. The unfamiliar pairs consisted of monkeys who had not met each other at all or who had not met each other for more than eight years before the experiment. Serial mounts which terminated with ejaculation occurred in nine of ten unfamiliar pairs, four of five familiar pairs, but there were none between the son and mother. The son and mother did not appear to be sexually aroused between themselves, although they were sexually active to other partners. However, on rare occasions, the son mounted singly on the mother, and on one occasion he ejaculated. Their interaction did not change essentially during the three years. The son rarely mounted serially on a female who had a close relationship with his mother.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02381241
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of shock treatment on TiN powder (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 1 (1982), S. 347-348 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00726483
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional monomers and polymers. LIXFor Part LVIII see ref. 1. Properties and function of Cu(II) complexes of the copolymers having pendant sulfide and imidazolyl groups (1980)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 18 (1980), S. 101-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Cu(II) complexes of copolymers having pendant sulfide and imidazolyl groups were prepared by a free radical copolymerization of ethylvinylsulfide with vinylimidazole, and their properties and function were studied spectrophotometrically in comparison with those of poly[4(5)-vinylimidazole]. The complexes were found to be effective as catalysts for the oxidation of hydroquinone. Visible and ESR spectra of the Cu(II)-copolymer complexes were similar to those of the Cu(II)-homopolymer complexes, while the catalytic activity for the oxidation was different between these complex systems. A rapid reaction followed by a slow reaction, particularly at high ethylvinylsulfide content in the copolymers, was observed in the Cu(II)-copolymer complex systems, but a continuous reaction proportional to the reaction time was observed in the Cu(II)-homopolymer complex systems. The reoxidation rate of Cu(I) to Cu(II) complex, which was little affected by the concentration of imidazolyl group, decreased with a rise of the ethylvinylsulfide content in the copolymer. It was suggested that the sulfur atom of the sulfide group was weakly coordinated to Cu(II) but strongly to Cu(I), and an electron transfer reaction from substrate to the Cu(II) complex was increased, while reoxidation reaction of the Cu(I) complex was decreased in the copolymer complex systems.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1980.170180111
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional monomers and polymers. LXX. On the adsorption of iodine onto chitosan (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 25 (1980), S. 731-738 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The ability of adsorbing iodine in different organic solutions by chitosan was studied by sorption isotherm measurements. The ability was found to be larger in polar solvents than in nonpolar solvents. The form of the chitosan samples, such as film, powder, and flake, had no influence on the adsorption behavior. On the other hand, chitin had only small adsorbing ability of iodine. It is concluded that the adsorption of iodine is caused by charge - transfer complexes between aminogroups of chitosan and iodine molecules, but their structure differs from that of inclusion compounds as seen in amylose-iodine complexes. The adsorption was also studied on chitosan films with different degrees of acetylation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1980.070250502
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