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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND THE POTENTIAL FOR CONSERVATION IN A SPRAY-DRIED COFFEE PLANT (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 45 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Consumption of direct energy sources in a plant producing spray-dried coffee amounted to 12,930 kcal/kg of instant coffee (kg IC). Thermal energy sources accounted for 95% of the energy and electricity for the rest. Spray-drying was the most energy intensive operation, requiring 5,040 k/kg IC. Thermal energy consumption (kcal/kg IC) for roasting, extraction, and concentration was 890, 2,030, and 1,780, respectively. Thermal energy losses in the unit operations amounted to 55% of that consumed. Heat recovery and insulation techniques can be used to conserve about 70% of the losses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1980.tb04132.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of improved ruthenium red staining for the ultrastructural detection of proteoglycan aggregates in normal skin and Lichen myxoedematosus (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of cutaneous pathology 11 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0560
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Improved ruthenium red staining has been applied to normal human skin and lichen myxoedematosus skin lesions for the detection of the fine structure proteoglycan aggregates. In 4 samples of normal skin and in a patient with lichen myxoedematosus, the typical fine ultrastructures of proteoglycan aggregates, i.e., many short irregularly-curled filaments of varying lengths attached to long and rather straight filaments of hyaluronic acid were shown. Although lichen myxoedematosus is thought o be due to the faulty formation of proteoglycan aggregates, we suggest a different view, that this improved method of ruthenium red staining is useful for the detection of proteoglycan aggregates, and provides a better preparation for electron microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0560.1984.tb00380.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    B Cell Growth and Differentiation Factors and Mechanism of B Cell Activation (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Immunological reviews 78 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-065X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-065X.1984.tb00478.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MECHANISM OF FIBRIN FORMATION AND ITS REGULATION (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 370 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb29761.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The γ-brass structure at high pressure (1980)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 36 (1980), S. 1762-1765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567740880007182
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carcinogenicity of N-alkyl-N-(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamines after subcutaneous injections in F-344 rats (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 104 (1982), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: N-Alkyl-N-(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamines ; F-344 rat ; Subcutaneous injection ; Malignant fibrous histiocytoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary As model compounds for metabolically activated N,N-dialkylnitrosamines, five N-alkyl-N-(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamines were synthesized and their carcinogenicy was testet in F-344 rats of both sexes. Compounds used in this study are N-methyl-(MAMN), N-ethyl-(EAMN), N-propyl-(PAMN), N-butyl-(BAMN), and N-isobutyl-N-(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamines (i-BAMN). All chemicals were dissolved in olive oil and rats received 10 weekly subcutaneous injections of these chemicals (10×5 mg MAMN or equimolar amounts of other chemicals) at the interscapular region. Subcutaneous tumors were detected in many rats of all groups treated with the chemicals, although no tumor was detected in the control group. Lung and/or thyroid tumors were also observed in many rats in the experimental groups. The incidence of subcutaneous tumors was highest in EAMN, followed in order by MAMN, PAMN, BAMN, and i-BAMN. On the contrary, the incidence of lung and thyroid tumors was highest in MAMN and decreased as the length of the alkyl chain of the chemicals increased. Histologically, almost all subcutaneous tumors were malignant fibrous histiocytomas. The results indicate that the chemicals possess systemic as well as local carcinogenicity in F-344 rats. The potent carcinogenic effects at the injection site of the α-acetoxy nitrosamines, coupled with their direct mutagenic activity reported previously, support the notion that these derivatives are useful as models for the ultimate form in the metabolic activation of N,N-dialkylnitrosamines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402049
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental infection of cynomolgus monkeys with a human retrovirus, adult T-cell leukemia virus (1984)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 173 (1984), S. 57-64 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The experimental infection of six cynomolgus monkeys with adult T-cell leukemia virus (ATLV) was attempted. Three animals were inoculated with living MT-2 cells and three with cell-free ATLV. All animals developed an antibody response to virus-specific glycopolypeptides and viral core polypeptides. ATLV-specific antigens appeared in peripheral lymphocytes from all six animals. Virus expression persisted in all animals. Up to 40 weeks after inoculation no animal developed any symptom of leukemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02123570
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mutagenicity of α-hydroxy N-nitrosamines in V79 Chinese hamster cells (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 108 (1984), S. 290-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Metabolic activation ; α-Hydroxy N-nitrosamine ; Mutagenicity and cytotoxicity ; V79 Chinese hamster cells ; Alkylating reactivity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Carcinogenic and mutagenic N-nitrosodialkylamines are metabolically activated through α-hydroxylation. The synthesis, chemical properties, and microbial mutagenicity of α-hydroxy N-nitrosamines have been reported previously. Potent mutagenicity of four N-nitroso-N-(hydroxymethyl)-alkylamines (alkyl-methyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl) was demonstrated in the present study in V79 Chinese hamster cells, ouabain resistance being used as an indicator. All the compounds were strong mutagens in the absence of metabolic activation systems. The mutagenic and cytotoxic potencies correlated well with each other, and depended on the alkyl group, decreasing in potency in the following order: methyl〉ethyl 〉propyl=butyl. Their alkylating reactivity was measured by alkylation of thiophenol, and a good linear relationship was observed between the mutagenic and cytotoxic potencies and their alkylating reactivity. The mutagenic and cytotoxic potencies of the α-hydroxy N-nitrosamines in V79 cells were well correlated with those of α-acetoxy and α-hydroperoxy N-nitrosamines with respect to the effect of alkyl group. The results obtained here supported further that α-hydroxy N-nitrosamine is the active species in the metabolic activation of N-nitrosodialkylamine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390460
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of the surface tension of four halogenated hydrocarbons, CCl3F, CCl2F2, C2Cl3F3, and C2Cl2F4 (1981)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 2 (1981), S. 163-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: Capillary constant ; capillary rise method ; halogenated hydrocarbons ; surface tension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract By means of the capillary rise method, we have measured the surface tension of four different kinds of halogenated hydrocarbons, namely, trichlorofluoromethane (CCl3F; R 11), dichlorodifluoromethane (CCl2F2; R 12), trichlorotrifluoroethane (C2Cl3F3; R 113), and dichlorotetrafluorethane (C2Cl2F4; R 114). Under the coexistence of the sample liquid with its saturated vapor in equilibrium, the measurements have been performed within the maximum uncertainty of 0.12 mN · m−1 at temperatures from 273 K up to near the critical point of the respective substances. Under the same experimental conditions, two sets of surface tension data have been obtained with two different Pyrex glass capillaries whose inner radii were 0.1536±0.0004 and 0.1724±0.0005 mm, respectively. The two sets of data were in agreement within 0.1 mN · m−1. The data were represented by van der Waals-type correlations with a standard deviation of 0.10 mN · m−1 for CCl3F, 0.04 mN · m−1 for CCl2F2, 0.08 mN · m−1 for C2Cl3F3, and 0.07 mN · m−1 for C2Cl2F4, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00503939
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polyethylene glycol-modified enzymes trap water on their surface and exert enzymic activity in organic solvents (1984)
    Springer
    Biotechnology letters 6 (1984), S. 765-770 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6776
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Polyethylene glycol-modified enzymes dissolved and had high enzymic activity in organic solvents. A trace amount of water was found to be necessary for the activity. It was reasoned that the amphipathic polymer covalently attached to enzymes kept water molecules around them. This was supported by findings that : (1) high enzymic activity was found in water- immiscible solvents, whereas activity was never observed in water-miscible solvents; (2) enzymic activity was inhibited by increasing the concentration of dimethyl sulfoxide in benzene; (3) activity of lipase was inhibited by a water-miscible alcohol substrate, but was steadily elevated by increasing the concentration of a water-immiscible alcohol substrate; (4) water was not absorbed from benzene solution containing a modified enzyme by molecular sieves, while it was easily absorbed in the presence of a water-miscible organic solvent, dimethyl sulfoxide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00134715
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