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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual-vestibular interaction in the control of eye movement: Mathematical modelling and computer simulation (1982)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 43 (1982), S. 209-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract After a brief description of the main anatomical structures subserving the oculomotor responses during combined vestibular and optokinetic stimulations, a mathematical model is presented. With respect to a previous model by Schmid et al. (1980), a more accurate definition of the roles of the neural mechanisms involved in oculomotor control in different conditions of visual-vestibular interaction is given. The model is proved to be able to predict not only oculomotor responses, but also single unit average responses in the vestibular nuclei and in the vestibulo-cerebellum. Experimental data available in the litterature on monkeys and cats are used for model validation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00319980
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model interpretation of visual-vestibular interaction in patients with labyrinthine and cerebellar pathologies (1983)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 47 (1983), S. 203-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Oculomotor responses to combined optokinetic and vestibular stimulations in labyrinthine and cerebellar defective patients are discussed in terms of parametric changes in a model describing the interaction between the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and the optokinetic reflex (OKR). By making a few reasonable hypotheses about model parameter variations in relation to the type of pathology, the experimental results obtained by several authors can correctly be predicted and explained by the model. The model can therefore be used to define a set of parameters giving an estimate of the state of the system subserving VOR-OKR interaction in the examined patients. The model is also shown to be a powerful tool to assess the validity and the diagnostic significance of the procedures used to test VOR-OKR interaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00337009
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of otolithic stimulation by horizontal linear acceleration on optokinetic nystagmus and visual motion perception (1980)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 39 (1980), S. 165-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibular system ; Optokinetic ; Otoliths ; Eye movements ; Motion perception
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Several studies in the past have demonstrated the existence of an Otolith-Ocular Reflex (OOR) in man, although much less sensitive than canal ocular reflex. The present paper 1 confirms these previous results. Nystagmic eye movements (L-nystagmus) appear in the seated subject during horizontal acceleration along the interaural axis in the dark for an acceleration level (1 m/s2) about ten times the perception threshold with a sensitivity of about 0.035 rad/m. When sinusoidal linear acceleration is combined with optokinetic stimulation, the recorded nystagmus slow phase velocity exhibits strong periodic modulation related to subject motion. This marked effect of linear acceleration on the optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) appears at a level (0.1 m/s2) close to the acceleration perception threshold and has a 4-fold higher sensitivity than L-nystagmus. Modulation of OKN can reach a peak-to-peak amplitude as great as 20 °/s; for a given optokinetic field size it increases with the velocity of the optokinetic stimulus, i.e. with the slow phase eye velocity. In parallel with changes in OKN slow phase velocity, linear acceleration induces a motion related decrease in the perceived velocity of the visual scene and modifications in selfmotion perception. The results are interpreted in terms of a mathematical model of visual-vestibular interaction. They show that sensory interaction processes can magnify the contribution given to the control of eye movements by the otolithic system and provide a way of exploring its function at low levels of acceleration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237547
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Unidirectional habituation of vestibulo-ocular responses by repeated rotational or optokinetic stimulations in the cat (1981)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 42 (1981), S. 34-42 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vestibulo-ocular reflex ; Optokinetic nystagmus ; Vestibular habituation ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1.Unilateral habituation of the vestibuloocular reflex was produced in adult cats stimulated by repeated unidirectional velocity steps (vestibular training) or by a continuously moving visual surround (optokinetic training). — 2. Unidirectional vestibular training produced a strong asymmetry of vestibuloocular responses (VOR). Responses to velocity steps applied to the “trained” labyrinth were decreased both in gain and in time-constant. This effect generalized to responses to sinusoidal oscillations (0.03 Hz to 0.1 Hz), i.e. to a stimulus not used during training. — No spontaneous nystagmus was ever observed in spite of the dynamic VOR asymmetry. — 3. Unilateral vestibular habituation produced by vestibular training appeared to be a long-lasting phenomenon. It was still present 10 days after the end of training. — 4. Optokinetic responses were not affected by vestibular training. — 5. Unidirectional optokinetic training produced an increase in the slow phase velocity of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) by about 25% in both directions. This effect did not persist for more than a few minutes. A marked spontaneous nystagmus was recorded in the dark after each session of optokinetic training, with a slow phase in the direction opposite to the previous OKN. — 6. VOR in response to velocity steps and to sinusoidal oscillations were decreased unilaterally after optokinetic training. This effect was of short duration, however, and disappeared within the interval between training sessions. This lack of retention contrasted with the prolonged effect of vestibular training.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235726
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Saccadic responses evoked by presentation of visual and auditory targets (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 47 (1982), S. 417-427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Saccades ; Audio-ocular responses ; Fixation ; Sound localization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Saccadic eye movements evoked by the presentation of visual and auditory targets were examined and compared. Differences were found either in the pattern of the saccadic response and in the characteristics of single saccades of the same amplitude. The longer latency and the higher percentage of multiple saccade responses in the auditory case were attributed to a more complex central processing, whereas the longer duration and the lower peak velocity of the saccades to auditory targets were attributed to reduced performances of the execution mechanism in the absence of vision.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00239359
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    UNILATERAL HABITUATION OF VESTIBULO-OCULAR RESPONSES IN THE CAT (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 374 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb30881.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MODIFICATIONS OF VESTIBULAR NYSTAGMUS PRODUCED BY FIXATION OF VISUAL AND NONVISUAL TARGETS (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 374 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb30911.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Location and anisotropic refinement of deuterium atoms in deuterium sodium silicate–deuterium oxide (1/8) Na2D2SiO4.8D2O by neutron diffraction; hydrogen bonding at 173 K (1984)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 40 (1984), S. 733-736 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270184005527
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The structure of trisodium hydrogensilicate dihydrate: high-temperature form (1981)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 37 (1981), S. 789-792 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567740881004342
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Descriptive nomenclature and classification of pyroclastic deposits and fragments (1981)
    Springer
    International journal of earth sciences 70 (1981), S. 794-799 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-3262
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract The IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks herein presents its recommendations on the nomenclature and classification of pyroclastic and mixed pyroclastic-epiclastic deposits using descriptive, mainly granulometric, criteria. The recommendations are the result of an international inquiry by means of questionnaires during the last four years.
    Abstract: Résumé La »Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks« de l'IUGS présente ici ses recommendations pour la dénomination et la classification des roches pyroclastiques et pyroclastiques-épiclastiques selon arguments descriptives, surtout granulométriques. Ces recommendations représentent le résultat d'une enquête internationale exécutée pendant les quatres années passées.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die „IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Igneous Rocks“ unterbreitet hier ihre Empfehlungen für die Benennung und Klassifizierung pyroklastischer sowie gemischt pyroklastisch-epiklastischer Ablagerungen auf Grund deskriptiver, hauptsächlich granulometrischer, Kriterien. Diese Empfehlungen sind das Resultat einer internationalen Umfrage mittels Fragebogen, die sich über die letzten vier Jahre erstreckte.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01822152
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