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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 32 (1978), S. 301-320 
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Cochlear nucleus ; Noise induced deafness ; Cochleagrams ; Tuning curves ; Spontaneous activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Chinchillas were exposed to an 86 dB SPL octave band of noise centered at 4.0 kHz for 3.5–5 days. The noise elevated the hearing thresholds between 4.0 and 16.0 kHz to between 60 and 75 dB SPL. Measurements from single neurons in the cochlear nucleus revealed abnormalities in the response properties of neurons with characteristic frequencies (CF) above 2.0 kHz. Units above 2.0 kHz had elevated thresholds (between 50 and 90 dB SPL) and broad tuning curves due to a greater loss in sensitivity near CF than at lower frequencies. The tuning curve Q10dB values for high frequency neurons were generally less than 3.0 and approached the Q10dB values for basilar membrane displacement. Spontaneous activity rates in units above 2.0 kHz were also low. In a few units, the threshold for single tone inhibition was significantly lower than that for excitation; the best inhibitory frequencies were always below 2.0 kHz. Two-tone inhibition was present in both low and high threshold neurons, but its strength was not assessed. Cochleagrams obtained 12 hours postexposure revealed discrete hair cell lesions in the basal third of the cochlea. The locations of the lesions were consistent with the frequencies of maximum hearing loss. The behavioral thresholds and the thresholds at CF of the most sensitive units were within 10–15 dB of each other. The results indicate that intense sounds reduce the sensitivity, frequency selectivity and spontaneous activity of units in the cochlear nucleus. The findings are similar to those obtained in auditory nerve fibers with ototoxic drugs and hypoxia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 11 (1977), S. 283-286 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Paracetamol ; Acetaminophen ; pharmacokinetics ; first-pass elimination ; intravenous administration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Plasma paracetamol concentrations were measured in 6 volunteers after single intravenous (1000 mg) and oral (500 mg, 1000 mg and 2000 mg) doses of the drug. Paracetamol levels declined multiphasically with a mean clearance after intravenous administration of 352±40 ml/min. A two-compartment open model appeared to describe the decline adequately. Comparison of the areas under the plasma concentration-time curves (AUC) indicated that oral bioavailability increased from 0.63±0.02 after 500 mg, to 0.89±0.04 and 0.87±0.08 after 1000 mg and 2000 mg, respectively. As a consequence of the incomplete bioavailability of paracetamol, as well as its multicompartmental distribution, accurate estimates of its distribution volume and clearance cannot be obtained if the drug is given orally. However, an estimate of its total plasma clearance may be derived from the AUC after a 500 mg oral dose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Numerische Mathematik 29 (1978), S. 287-289 
    ISSN: 0945-3245
    Keywords: AMS(MOS): 65FO5 ; CR: 5.14
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Notes: Summary An alternative to Gauss elimination is developed to solveAx=b. The method enables one to exploit zeros in the lower triangle ofA, so that the number of multiplications needed to perform the algorithm can be substantially reduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 43 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pork chops from 96 fresh loins representing PSE, normal and DFD quality were displayed in a supermarket. Price was not altered and equal numbers of the three quality types were presented in a manner disguising any evidence that a survey was in progress. A total of 280 packages were purchased. Over one-half (146) of the purchases included packages of normal chops (P 〈 0.001), whereas the remaining purchases were divided between DFD (72) and PSE (62) packages. These findings suggest that some consumers may be aware of and may activiely select for ‘normal’ pork color, but that others are either unaware of the liminations of, or do actually prefer, PSE and DFD pork.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 44 (1978), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Leaf water (Ψ) and solute (ψ) potential were measured in field sorghum and maize under well irrigated (I) and dryland (NI) conditions throughout a season. Despite decreases in ψ due to slow soil water depletion and to apparent increases in liquid phase plant resistance, midday leaf turgor (ψp) in the NI sorghum was maintained at similar levels as in the I treatment throughout the season due to concomitant decreases in ψs. Osmotic adjustment was also observed in maize, although ψp was significantly lower in the NI treatment as compared to I during the final stages of grain filling. A seasonal shift in the ψ vs. relative water content relation of NI sorghum leaves was observed, more water being retained by the older leaf at any particular ψ. The major factor for turgor maintenance was a net increase in solutes per unit of tissue. The role played by increases in the proportion of tissue volume occupied by cell wall was also evaluated. No stomatal closure due to water stress was found in NI sorghum even though leaf ψ reached —20 bars late in the season. Under similar conditions, stomata closed at —14 to —16 bars in younger plants where water stress was made to develop much faster.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 366 (1975), S. 177-186 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Urinary Tract ; Bladder ; Urothelium ; Inverted Papilloma ; Transitional Cell Carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five new cases of inverted urinary papilloma are described and 13 previously reported cases are reviewed. All 18 examples were seen in adult males, with ages ranging from 26 to 79 years (average 57 years). Ten patients presented with symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction and 8 with haematuria. With one probable exception all of the tumours were solitary. Sixteen were found in the region of the bladder neck and prostatic urethra, and only 2 occurred in other sites. The papillomas were pedunculated or sessile and ranged in size from a few mms to 3 cms in greatest diameter. Most had smooth surfaces in contrast to the usual exophytic papillary urothelial neoplasms. Microscopically they showed a striking resemblance to the inverted papillomas of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. In those examples where the stalk or base of the papilloma was included in the sections, there was no evidence of invasion of the underlying smooth muscle. Fourteen of the patients have been followed for periods ranging from 7 months to 11 years (average 2.5 years) and no recurrences have been documented. Simple local resection, by the transurethral route where possible, appears to be adequate treatment for these distinctive papillomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Computing 16 (1976), S. 231-237 
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein Algorithmus vom Orthogonalisations-Typus wird für die Triangularisation einer Koeffizientenmatrix von linearen algebraischen Gleichungen abgeleitet. Eine rückwärts gerichtete Fehleranalyse wird an den Algorithmen vorgenommen. Es werden einige rechnerische Beispiele gegeben, und der Algorithmus wird erweitert, um eine vollständige, nach vorn gerichtete Reduktion vorzunehmen.
    Notes: Abstract An orthogonalization type algorithm is presented for the triangularization of the coefficient matrix of a system of linear algebraic equations. A backward error analysis is performed on the algorithm. Some numerical examples are presented. The algorithm is extended in order to perform the complete forward reduction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 266 (1977), S. 74-75 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Rat foetal colon implants beneath the renal capsule of syngeneic adult rats developed, by 6 d, acute inflammation and later ulceration of the mucosa morphologically indistinguishable from active ulcerative colitis. The sub-renal capsular implantation method for organ growth employed has been used ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology and head & neck 224 (1979), S. 111-116 
    ISSN: 1434-4726
    Keywords: Auditory nerve fiber ; Acoustic trauma ; Hair cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Four chinchillas were exposed for 5 days to an octave band of noise centered at 4 kHz and having an SPL of 86 dB. After a recovery period of approximately 6 months, behavioral audiograms were obtained and auditory nerve fiber activity was recorded. The animals were killed and the cochleas embedded in plastic to obtain a surface preparation and 1 μ radial sections of the organ of Corti. Behavioral threshold shifts ranged from 5 to 20 dB at frequencies between 4 and 11 kHz. Auditory nerve fiber thresholds were elevated up to 70 dB for units with characteristic frequencies between 4 and 14 kHz. Units with higher and lower characteristic frequencies had normal thresholds. Cochleagrams showed narrow lesions of inner and/or outer hair cells over approximately a 1 mm distance. A comparison of the three realms of data revealed the following: (1) The greatest threshold shifts from the noise exposure were seen in the single nerve fiber thresholds while the smallest shifts were seen in the behavioral thresholds, (2) the greatest behavioral and neural threshold shifts and greatest cochlear damage occurred 1 octave above the center frequency of the noise exposure, and (3) based on the frequency-place map of the chinchilla cochlea, the range of fibers with elevated thresholds exceeded the extent of the OHC lesion. A number of anatomical changes were seen that effectively increased the extent of the damage found in the chochleagram. These changes included: distortions in the surface topography of the organ of Corti affecting the orientation of IHC; missing pillar cells in the presence of normal OHC and/or IHC and protrusion of the IHC cuticular plate into the subtectorial space.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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