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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anaphylactoid reactions to infusions of plasma protein and human serum albumin Role of aggregated proteins and of stabilizers added during production (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 9 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Six patients suffering from anaphylactoid reactions after infusion of pasteurized plasma (PP) or human serum albumin (HSA) were investigated. Clinical symptoms ranged from urticaria and hypotension to cardiac arrest. Immunoglobulin levels, especially of IgA, were normal, as were concentrations of complement factors C3, C4 and factor B. In skin and lymphocyte transformation tests patients, with the exception of one severely allergic to protein, did not react to the monomeric pure HSA. Five out of six patients reacted against HSA aggregates and three patients to the HSA modified by caprylate added as stabilizer during commercial HSA production. It is concluded that the anaphylactoid reactions developing after PP or HSA infusion result from a non-specific reaction to protein aggregates and in some cases possibly from a specific immune response to the caprylate-modified HSA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1979.tb01527.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Humorale und zelluläre Immunphänomene im klinischen Verlauf der chronischen posttraumatischen Osteomyelitis (1976)
    Springer
    Infection 4 (1976), S. 84-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The humoral and cell-mediated immune response was investigated in 90 patients suffering from chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis. In 10–20% of the patients the serum IgG and IgM was increased, in 5–10% the levels were decreased. The values were compared with those of a control group of 35 normal healthy volunteers. Of 55 patients with staphylococcal infection only 25 had a positive antistaphylolysin titer. Eleven out of 25 patients with staphylococcal osteomyelitis showed a positive in vitro lymphocyte transformation after stimulation with α-staphylolysin (mean transformation rate 5.4 ± 0.9). The phytohemagglutinin and the pokeweed-mitogen response were normal. A comparison of the immunological reactivity of the patients and the clinical severity of the disease showed that patients with established delayed-type hypersensitivity phenomena suffered a significantly worse clinical course of the disease.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Neunzig Patienten mit chronischer post-traumatischer Osteomyelitis wurden immunologisch untersucht. Die Ergebnisse wurden mit einer Kontrollgruppe von 35 gesunden Freiwilligen verglichen. In 10–20% der Patienten fanden sich erhöhte Serum-IgG- und IgM-Konzentrationen; in 5–10% waren diese erniedrigt. Unter 55 Patienten mit Staphylokokkeninfektion zeigten nur 25 einen positiven Antistaphylolysintiter. Elf von 25 untersuchten Patienten mit Staphylokokken-Osteomyelitis zeigten eine positive in-vitro-Lymphozytentransformation nach Stimulation mit α-Staphylolysin (durchschnittliche Transformationsrate 5,4 ± 0,9). Dabei war die Phytohämagglutinin- sowie die Pokeweed-Mitogen-Antwort normal. Ein Vergleich der immunologischen Reaktionslage der Patienten mit dem Schweregrad der klinischen Erkrankung ergab, daß die schwersten Verläufe in der Gruppe der Patienten mit nachweisbarer zellulärer Überempfindlichkeit gefunden wurden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01638722
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beurteilung von Schweregrad und Verlauf der chronischen posttraumatischen Osteomyelitis (1976)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 85 (1976), S. 241-249 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Anhand der anamnestischen Daten von 50 Patienten mit chronischer posttraumatischer Osteomyelitis wird eine Punktebewertung zur Beurteilung des Schweregrades der Erkrankung entwickelt, die neben der Gesamtdauer der Erkrankung den prozentualen Anteil der stationären Behandlung sowie die Anzahl der chirurgischen Eingriffe berücksichtigt. Zur Objektivierung des klinischen Verlaufes wird eine zweite Skala („München-Murnau-Skala“) vorgestellt, welche die äußeren Wundverhältnisse, die röntgenologischen Befunde sowie die Blutkörperchensenkungsgeschwindigkeit erfaßt. Anhand einer Autovaccinetherapie bei 18 Patienten wird die Objektivierung des Therapieerfolges mit Hilfe dieser Skala gezeigt.
    Notes: Summary From the anamnestic data of 50 patients suffering from chronic posttraumatic osteomyelitis a severity scoring system was developed, based on the duration of the disease, the time of hospitalization and the number of surgical interventions. The clinical course of 18 patients, undergoing an auto-vaccination treatment, was registered by another scoring system (“Munich-Murnau-Scale”) regarding wound morphology, bone radiology and erythrocyte sedimentation rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00415464
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Konzentration intravenös applizierter gammaglobulin-präparate in der hundehaut (1977)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 260 (1977), S. 201-206 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die chemische Modifikation von Standardgammaglobulin durch enzymatische Spaltung (Pepsin) oder Stabilisierung (β-Propiolacton) beeinflußt Elimination, Fragmentierung und Organverteilung des intravenös applizierten Gammaglobulins. Untersuchungen mit radioaktiv markierten allogenen und xenogenen Gammaglobulin-Präparaten an 36 Hunden zeigten, daß das pepsingespaltene Gammaglobulin am schnellsten fragmentiert und eliminiert wurde. Dabei fand sich für die Konzentration aller Gammaglobuline in der Haut ein wesentlich langsamerer Abfall als im Blut. Die höchsten Hautkonzentrationen nach 10 Tagen fanden sich fürβ-Propiolacton-Gammaglobulin mit 6,2 ± 1,6 µg/g Haut bei einer Blutkonzentration von 7,9 ± 0,9 µg/ml.
    Notes: Summary Chemical modification of standard gammaglobulin with enzyme treatment (pepsin) or stabilization (ß-propiolactone) is able to influence elimination, fragmentation and organ distribution of intravenously administered gammaglobulins as shown in 36 dogs after i.v. application of allogenic and xenogenic gammaglobulin preparations. Pepsin-gammaglobulin was eliminated and fragmented most rapidly. Gammaglobulin concentrations of all preparations in the skin showed as slower decrease than comparable blood concentrations. The highest skin concentrations 10 days after i.v. application were found for β-propiolactone gammaglobulin with 6.2 ± 1.6 µg/g compared to a blood level of 7.9 ±0.9 µg/ml.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00561414
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cumulation and elimination of horse-anti-dog lymphocyte and normal horse gammaglobulin in dogs (1976)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 167 (1976), S. 231-238 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Antilympocyte Globulin ; Immunosuppression ; Elimination of Gamma-Globulin ; Antilymphozytenglobulin ; Immunsuppression ; Gammglobulinelimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zwei Gruppen von Hunden wurden elf Tage lang mit 20 mg/kg 131-I-markiertem Pferde-anti-human-Lymphozyten-Globulin bzw. Normal-Pferde-Gammaglobulin i.v. behandelt. Pferde-anti-human-Lymphozyten-Globulin wurde signifikant schneller eliminiert als Normal-Pferde-Gammaglobulin. Im Gegensatz zu dem kontinuierlichen Anstieg der Serum-Radioaktivität unter Normal-Pferde-Gammaglobulin-Behandlung war in der Pferde-anti-human-Lymphozyten-Globulin-Gruppe ab dem 5. Tag eine Plateaubildung zu beobachten. Zum Behandlungsende betrug die Serumkonzentration des xenogenen Proteins 165 ± 8 mg/1 in der Pferde-anti-human-Lymphozyten-Globulin- und 498 ± 15 mg/1 in der Normal-Pferde-Gammaglobulin-Gruppe. Die Pferde-anti-human-Lymphozyten-Globulin-behandelten Tiere zeigten einen signifikant höheren Anstieg agglutinierender Antikörper gegen Pferde-Erythrozyten als Normal-Pferde-Gammaglobulin-behandelte Tiere. Diese starke Immunogenizität von antilymphozytärem Pferde-Gammaglobulin muß bei der Applikation von Pferde-anti-human-Lymphozyten-Globulin berücksichtigt werden.
    Notes: Summary Two groups of dogs received daily intravenous doses of 20 mg/kg 131-I-labelled horse-anti-dog lymphcyte globulin or normal horse gammaglobulin respectively over a period of 11 days. Horse-anti-dog lymphocyte globulin showed a significantly higher eleimination rate than normal horse gammaglobulin. In contrary to the continuous increase in serum radioactivity during normal horse gammaglobulin treatment, there was a plateau after the 5th day in the horse-anti-dog lymphocyte globulin group. The xenogeneic protein concentration, measured with the single radial immunodiffusion technique, at the end of treatment was 165 ± 8 mg/1 in the horse-anti-dog lymphocyte globulin, compared to 498 ± 15 mg/1 in the normal horse gammaglobulin group. After treatment horse-anti-dog-lymphcyte globulin treated animals showed a significantly higher increase in active hemagglutination titer against horse erythrocytes with an average of 2−8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01851647
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elimination and organ distribution of intravenously administered allogeneic and xenogeneic IgG modifications (Standard IgG, F(ab′)2-fragments andβ-propiolactone treated IgG) in dogs (1978)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 173 (1978), S. 209-218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Gammaglobulin elimination ; i.v. Gammaglobulin ; β-Propiolactone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Dog IgG was produced by fractionation procedures used for the production of clinically used i.v. gammaglobulins. Chemical modification of dog IgG was done by pepsin orβ-propiolactone treatment. The intravascular half-life ofβ-propiolactone IgG was 8.5 ± 2.1 days compared to 4.5 ± 1.6 days of pepsin treated IgG. Tissue concentrations of radioactive labelledβ-propiolactone IgG were generally higher than of pepsin digested IgG. Pepsin treated IgG was degraded to a significantly higher extent (26% of the administered radioactivity was bound to fragments smaller than 6000 MW after three days) thanβ-propiolactone IgG (9% fragments after the same interval,P 〈 0.001). It is concluded that the short intravascular half-life of pepsin IgG cannot be explained by increased extravascular filling, but is due to rapid degradation and excretion via the kidneys. There was no obvious difference in elimination and organ distribution between standard andβ-propiolactone IgG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01851492
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