ISSN:
0021-8995
Keywords:
Chemistry
;
Polymer and Materials Science
Source:
Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
Topics:
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
,
Physics
Notes:
To elucidate the water transport mechanism through homogeneous membranes, water and water vapor permeation through crosslinked cellulose membranes, cellulose diacetate, and cellulose triacetate membranes are studied. It is found that the water flux increases with the degree of hydration; and as for cellulose membranes, the degree of hydration is an increasing function of the degree of crosslinking. Activation energy of hydraulic permeability (Kw) is not equal to that of purely viscous flow, and is smaller than that of the water vapor diffusion coefficient (D̄) for all membranes. The free-volume concept relating the molar frictional coefficient to temperature and to degree of hydration explains reasonably the temperature dependence of hydraulic permeability and of water vapor diffusion coefficient and gives adequate values for the fractional free volume of the system. The critical volume V*, appearing in the Cohen-Turnbull expression between friction coefficient and free volume fraction, may be considered as the size of the cluster of water molecules. The value of V* in the case of hydraulic permeability is larger than that for water vapor diffusion by several times. Furthermore, the value V* increases with increase of degree of hydration for water permeation and water vapor diffusion.
Additional Material:
15 Ill.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1975.070190914
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