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Diet in late pregnancy and glucose-insulin metabolism of the offspring 40 years later (2000)

Shiell, A. W. ; Campbell, D. M. ; Hall, M. H. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

BJOG 107 (2000), S. 0

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ISSN: 1471-0528

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Objective To determine how diets of women in pregnancy influence the glucose-insulin metabolism of their offspring in adult life.Design A follow up study of men and women born during 1948–1954 whose mothers had taken part in a survey of diet in late pregnancy.Setting Aberdeen, Scotland.Population One hundred and sixty-eight men and women born in the Aberdeen Maternity Hospital.Main outcome measure Plasma glucose and insulin concentrations, fasting and after a standard oral glucose challenge.Results The offspring of women who had high intakes of fat and protein in late pregnancy had a reduced plasma insulin increment between fasting and 30 min with a 7.0% decrease in increment (P= 0.007) per 10 g increase in protein intake and a 4.9% decrease (P= 0.002) per 10 g increase in fat intake. This was independent of the mother's body mass index or weight gain in pregnancy. A low maternal body mass index in early or late pregnancy was associated with a raised fasting plasma insulin concentration with a decrease of 2.4% (P= 0.05) per 1 kg/m2 increase of maternal body mass.Conclusion High intakes of protein and fat during pregnancy may impair development of the fetal pancreatic beta cells and lead to insulin deficiency in the offspring. The offspring of thin mothers tend to be insulin resistant.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2000.tb11088.x

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The grid-shift technique for moiré analysis of strain in solid propellants (1967)

Sampson, R. C. ; Campbell, D. M.

Springer

Experimental mechanics 7 (1967), S. 449-457

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ISSN: 1741-2765

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: Abstract Moiré principles and procedures were surveyed with a view toward adaptation to measurement of complex strain distribution in solid propellants. Compliant coating and photosensitive materials were selected for grid reproduction. The most flexible of the several possible procedures for recording moiré data was found to be grid photography. A novel “grid-shift” technique employing coarse grids was developed for point-by-point determination of surface displacement derivatives, and the grid-shift relations for large strain and large rotation were derived. The technique is extremely versatile, permitting the analysis of strain of dynamically deformed specimens in nonambient environmental conditions of temperature, pressure or atmosphere. The utility of the technique was demonstrated by application to static and dynamic problems.