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  • 1990-1994  (10)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral vasospasm ; cerebral aneurysm ; calcium antagonist ; nicardipine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Calcium antagonists are currently most widely used for chronic cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). However, the vasodilatory effects of systemically administered calcium antagonists can be limited secondary to hypotension. We previously compared intrathecal and intravenous routes of administration of nicardipine. Intrathecal administration of nicardipine significantly dilated spastic basilar arteries on day 7 in a two-haemorrhage canine model of vasospasm. In the present communication, the effects of prophylactic, serial administration of intrathecal nicardipine on vasospasm was examined in 50 patients. Patients were classified as Fisher SAH group 3 and all had their aneurysms clipped within 3 days of SAH. Following placement of a cisternal drain, 2 mg of nicardipine was injected, three times each day for an average of 10 days. The control group consisted of 91 similar patients with cisternal drainage not treated with nicardipine. Intrathecal administration of nicardipine decreased the incidence of symptomatic vasospasm by 26%, angiographic vasospasm by 20% and increased good clinical outcome at one month after the haemorrhage by 15%. Postoperative angiograms revealed that patients in the nicardipine group showed less vasospasm of major cerebral arteries, near the tip of a drain in the basal cistern, but vasospasm in the A2 and M2 segments was not decreased. Radio-isotope cisternography suggested that nicardipine might not reach the subarachnoid space around A2 and M2 segments. Nine patients complained of headache probably secondary to nicardipine induced vasodilation. Two patients suffered from mengingitis, both were successfully treated. Intrathecal administration nicardipine appears to be effective in the treatment of vasospasm, but side effects were significant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An analytical method based on a new theoretical model for the x-ray energy responses of silicon surface-barrier (SSB) detectors has been proposed. This method may address a recent confusing issue in the x-ray detection characteristics of SSB semiconductor detectors; that is, the x-ray responses of SSB detectors as well as p-i-n diodes used in underbiased operations were recently found to be contrary to the commonly held belief that the x-ray sensitivity of an SSB detector is determined by the thickness of the depletion layer. The model presented includes a signal contribution from thermally diffusing charge that is created in the field-free substrate region within a diffusion length from the depletion layer along with a signal contribution from charge created in the depletion layer. This model predicts a large signal contribution from the charge-diffusion effect on the SSB responses to high-energy x rays. Formulas and calculated results supporting SSB calibration data have been represented. These analytical methods might be developed to apply the analyses and predictions of energy responses of various types of silicon detectors including p-i-n diodes as well as charge-coupled devices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of thermal-diffusion charge on the x-ray energy response of silicon surface-barrier (SSB) detectors have generally been ignored; consequently, the SSB response has been believed to be analyzed using the thickness of the depletion layer alone. Our new theory on the SSB x-ray response [J. Appl. Phys. 72, 3363 (1992)] was prepared for addressing recent confusion on plasma x-ray analyses using SSB detectors [Rev. Sci. Instrum. 59, 1380 (1988); 61, 693 (1990); 63, 4850 (1992)]. This approach was made under the assumption of a dominant contribution of the diffusion-charge signal in the vicinity of the x-ray incident location because of the strong reduction of the x-ray produced charge within the thermal-diffusion length. In this report, the comparison between this approximation (having an approximated solution) and the exact numerical calculation (using an integral form) is carried out. Necessity and importance of such three-dimensional treatments for the data analyses as well as the design of multichannel semiconductor-array detectors developed for plasma x-ray tomography diagnostics are highlighted. Furthermore, for the total diffusing-charge amount, the calculated results from our theory and the values using the comment from Donolato agree well within the accuracy of 1%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 4 (1992), S. 1023-1032 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Absolute instability in a plasma-filled backward wave oscillator with sinusoidally corrugated slow wave structure driven by an intense relativistic electron beam has been analyzed numerically. The maximum spatial growth rate of the plasma-filled waveguide is found to be larger than that of an optimally designed vacuum structure. The excitation of a finite length structure is investigated. Although the spatial growth rates obtained in the linear theory increase with plasma density in the finite length plasma-filled structure for the fundamental TM01 mode of oscillation, negative global spatial growth rates prevent the coherent oscillation for intermediate ranges of plasma density, beam current, and even for structure length.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 2 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The fatigue crack growth behaviour of dissimilar bonded materials was studied using explosively bonded naval brass clad steel plate and roll bonded nickel clad and naval brass clad steel plates. When the residual stresses produced during manufacturing processes were small, the fatigue crack growth rates showed a good correlation with the true ΔK-values evaluated for the dissimilar bonded materials; apparent ΔK-values, determined on uniform material, failed to be a correlating variable. The residual stresses strongly affected the fatigue crack growth rate of the dissimilar materials. Some microscopic and fractographic observations were made on the fatigue-fractured dissimilar materials.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 51-52 (Jan. 1991), p. 349-354 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 253 (1975), S. 351-351 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 20 (1990), S. 240-244 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A new exclusion process for CO and CO2 from ammonia synthesis gas has been proposed: this takes place at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. The process is based on the electrochemical reduction of CO and CO2 to methanol proceeding at a mediated electrode via homogeneous catalysis. The maximum percentages of CO and CO2 excluded from the initial gas were about 1.5 and 4.1%, respectively, with a mediated electrode of 82.8 cm2 area in a reaction time of 5 h. The amount of excluded CO and CO2 was equivalent to the sum of moles of methanol formed and gases dissolved into the solution alone. The electroreduction of CO and CO2 was more efficient at three-phase (electrode/solution/gas) and at two-phase (electrode/solution) interfaces, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 24 (1994), S. 1164-1169 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Poly(N-methylaniline) (PNMA) was prepared on a bare platinum electrode by electrooxidation of N-methylaniline in 1.0 mol dm−3 HCl. The PNMA film was more stable to anodic treatment than the polyaniline film. The electric conductivity of the PNMA film was potential dependent. High conductivity appeared only within the potential region where PNMA itself was redox-active. The PNMA filmed electrode showed redox response to dissolved hydroquinone whose redox current was evident within the potential region. Furthermore, the PNMA film behaved as an electrocatalyst for the electrode reaction of hydroquinone. The kinetics of the electrocatalytic reaction were investigated mainly using a rotating disc electrode. The experimental results obtained were analysed by the theory of Albery and Hillman, and the rate constant of the electron cross-exchange transfer between hydroquinone and the redox-active sites in the film (k) was determined and found to be 6.4 × 103 m −1 s−1 at 20° C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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