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  • 1965-1969  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on water-extractable carbohydrates of the particulate matter from the northwest Pacific Ocean (1969)
    Springer
    Marine biology 4 (1969), S. 197-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We have studied carbohydrate metabolism in the marine environment by means of the isolation and characterization of carbohydrates of particulate matter from various depths. The present work is especially concerned with water-extractable carbohydrates of the particulate samples from 11 stations of the northwest Pacific Ocean. Water-extractable carbohydrate content in the particulate matter of the surface waters was measured; it ranged from 19.2 to 36.0% of the total particulate carbohydrate. These values decreased, ranging from 6.5 to 15.5% at 50 m depth. Such rapid vertical change of the concentration of the carbohydrate indicated that it was lost from the particulate matter much faster than the other particulate organic constituents such as protein and water-insoluble carbohydrate. This process left water-insoluble carbohydrate in the deep-water particulate matter as previously observed in the Sagami Nada, off eastern Honshu, Japan. Upon acid hydrolysis, water-extractable carbohydrate revealed glucose ranging from 67.0 to 84.2%. Rhamnose, fucose, ribose, arabinose, xylose, mannose and galactose were also identified as components of the carbohydrate fraction. Carbohydrate studies on the laboratory cultured diatoms clearly indicated that the water-extractable carbohydrates were food reserve materials of the diatoms. In view of this fact, the metabolism of the water-extractable carbohydrate in the euphotic zone and its underlying layer is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393893
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Carbohydrate metabolism in the marine diatom Skeletonema costatum (1969)
    Springer
    Marine biology 4 (1969), S. 208-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This is a study on the metabolism of the algal biochemical constituents of a marine diatom, Skeletonema costatum. The carbohydrates, protein, and lipid, of the diatom grown under light and dark conditions were analyzed. The composition of the organic compounds did not vary in the alga grown under continuous light conditions throughout the experiment, although a little accumulation of carbohydrate and lipid was observed in the stationary phase of the algal growth. When the diatom, at maximum growth stage, was transferred to darkness, 44.4% of the carbohydrate, 57.8% of the protein, and 27.0% of the lipid were used by respiration within a few days. Detailed analysis of the algal carbohydrate demonstrated that low molecular weight carbohydrates, consisting of glucose, and β-1,3-glucan, were readily metabolized by algal respiration, leaving cell-wall carbohydrates consisting of mannan and pentosan which are immune to algal respiration. The respiratory utilization of carbohydrates is discussed in relation to the rapid decay of glucan from marine particulate matter during the course of its sinking to further depths in the ocean, as observed previously by the present author.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393894
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A detailed analysis of carbohydrates in marine particulate matter (1969)
    Springer
    Marine biology 2 (1969), S. 228-235 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Detailed profiles of organic carbon, organic nitrogen, carbohydrate and proteinous amino acid have been determined in particulate matter from various depths at a station in Sagami Nada off eastern Honshu, Japan. The profiles suggest that carbohydrate is decayed from particulate matter more rapidly than proteinous amino acid in the euphotic zone, while the latter is removed to a higher extent than the former in deep waters,which results in the increase of the C/N values of particulate matter in the depths. All of the particulate matter gave D-galactose, D-glucose, D-mannose, D-xylose and D-glucuronic acid upon acid hydrolysis. Vertical change of the monosaccharide composition of this particulate matter indicates that only D-glucose and its polymers are preferentially removed from it during its descent. Carbohydrates from the particulate matter of 20 m depth were fractionated into water-soluble and insoluble carbohydrates. Detailed analysis of these fractions indicates that 1,3-glucan and its related low molecular weight carbohydrates from the water-soluble fraction decay between 50 and 300 m depth, to leave waterinsoluble carbohydrates, immune to biological attack during the course of further sinking. On the basis of these facts, the effects of the biochemical nature of these carbohydrates on the vertical change of the particulate carbohydrate distribution are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00351145
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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