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  • 1965-1969  (5)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 15 (1968), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An ADP-ATP exchange reaction was studied in NaI-treated microsomes from rat brain. At low concentrations of MgCl2 a nucleotide exchange reaction, elicited in the presence of Na+, had an absolute specificity for ATP. The reaction was stimulated by oligomycin and inhibited by ouabain and EDTA. It is probable that this Na+-stimulated ADP-ATP exchange reaction is a component of the Na-K ATPase system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: (1) The subcellular distributions of Na-K ATPase and [14C]ADP-ATP exchange activities were studied in rat brain. The data presented are not consistent with a discrete localization of these enzymes in any given fraction, but nerve endings and microsomes had similar specific activities. The supernatant fraction had the highest exchange and the lowest Na-K ATPase activities, measured at a concentration of 3 mm-MgCl2.(2) Nucleotide specificity of the Na-K ATPase was determined in all fractions, and this enzyme system showed an absolute requirement for ATP. The [14C]ADP-ATP exchange, measured at 3mm-MgCl2, possessed broader specificity and also was active toward ITP, UTP and GTP; this serves to differentiate it from the Na-K ATPase.(3) Treatment of nerve ending fractions with NaI medium removed the bulk of the [14C]ADP-ATP exchange activity without loss in Na-K ATPase activity.(4) The exchange activity in NaI-insoluble fractions was insensitive to NaCl in the presence of 3 mm-MgCl2, but it was stimulated 502-820 percent at low MgCl2 concentrations, a finding which may be consistent with the postulated role of this exchange reaction in the Na-K ATPase system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 16 (1969), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— Slices of cerebral cortex were incubated in medium containing 0·75 or 2·8 mM 45CaCl2, in the presence or absence of 0·01–0·1 mm-ouabain. Ouabain induced accumulation of calcium by slices to a maximum of 4 μmoles/g of tissue/hr (0·75 mm-CaCl2 in the medium) and to 8 μmoles/g of tissue/hr (2·8 mm-CaCl2 in the medium). Accumulation of Ca2+ occurred more slowly than loss of K+ from the slices and more closely resembled the pattern of Na+ uptake.Mitochondrial fractions isolated from ouabain-treated slices contained significantly more calcium than controls. Inclusion of EDTA in the homogenization medium resulted in decreased amounts of particulate-bound calcium.The effect of ouabain on accumulation of calcium is discussed with regard to possible relationships to processes of active and passive transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Primates 7 (1966), S. 433-447 
    ISSN: 0032-8332
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya) were studied in northern Argentina and subjected to complete post-mortem examination in connection with field observations of atherosclerosis. In order to estimate age of the animals, data was obtained on gross body dimensions, dental age, and organ weights in 298 animals covering the range of about 1–10 kg. The animals were divided into four size groups, and into male, non-pregnant and pregnant female categories. Statistical parameters were obtained for relative organ weights, organ allometry coefficients, gross body lengths, a body length formula based on the Ponderal Index and dental age. The parameters from howlers were compared with those for rhesus monkeys, chimpanzees, human and general primate organ allometric formulas, and differences due to sex and pregnancy reviewed. It is concluded that the growth pattern in howlers is rather similar to that reported for other primates, which makes it possible to estimate maturity satisfactorily, but that further methods must be developed for post-maturity dating.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 3 (1965), S. 389-401 
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Sommaire Il s'agit d'un programme pour calculateur simulant des décisions de contrôle d'un anesthésiste par l'emploi de ce qui pourrait être appelé: “Automaton Programmé de Turing”. Le système est entièrement opérationnel. Il fonctionne au moyen d'un ordinateur SDS-920 à l'aide d'un auto-programmeur originellement conçu pour des études de simulation axiomatiques en biologie et intitulé “Programme Simulatif pour Automaton de Turing” (TASP). 20 bits à l'entrée sont convertis en 6 bits à la sortie par un programme de 800 commandes quintuplées sur une étape d'une seconde environ. Le programme comporte une grande variété de logique de seuil Boole, des substitutions symboliques et postalgorithmiques de types élémentaires combinés dans un système très souple. Un exemple simple et démonstratif d'un automaton Turing est présenté. On peut ensuite suivre tout le processus de traitement des 20 bits. En conclusion, si les automates de Turing apparaissent inefficaces dans la plupart des différents types d'opérations digitales et de traitement d'information, ils fournissent, au contraire, des possibilités intéressantes dans le domaine de simulation de certains processus, mal définis, de la pensée humaine.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Ein Computer-Programm wird diskutiert, welches die Kontrollentscheidungen eines menschlichen Anaesthesiologen simuliert; dazu dient ein “programmierter Turing-Automat”. Das System ist voll arbeitsfähig. Ein SDS-920-Computer wird verwendet, und ein Übersetzer, der ursprünglich für axiomatische biologische Simulationsstudien gedacht war. Das System heißt “Turing-Automat-Simulationsprogramm” (TASP). Ein 20-bit Input wird in einen 6-bit Output verwandelt, wobei das Programm etwa 800 Quintuplett-Befehle enhält und eine Laufzeit von etwa einer Sekunde hat. Das Programm enthält eine Vielfalt Boolescher “threshold” Logik, elementarer Arithmetik und postalgorithmische Typen der symbolischen Substitutionen, die auf sehr flexible Weise verknüpft sind. Nach einem einfachen illustrativen Beispiel eines Turing-Automaten wird die Verarbeitung des 20-bit-Inputs vergolft. Obwohl Turing-Automaten hinsichtlich der meisten Typen von Datenverarbeitung nicht sehr leistungsfähig sind, kann gefolgert werden, daß sie eine interessante Möglichkeit zur Simulierung bestimmter schlecht definierter Typen menschlicher Denkprozesse bieten.
    Notes: Abstract A computer program is discussed that simulates the control decisions of a human anesthesiologist by use of what may be described as a “programmed Turing Automaton”. The system is fully operational. It is being run on an SDS-920 computer using a compiler originally intended for axiomatic simulation studies in biology and designated “Turing Automaton Simulation Program” (TASP). A 20 bit input is converted into a 6 bit output, by program consisting of about 800 quintuplet commands in a running time of about one second. The program includes a wide variety of Boolean, threshold logic, elementary arithmetic and Post algorithm types of symbolic substitutions, combined in a highly flexible manner. After a simple illustrative example of a Turing Automaton, the 20 bit input is followed through the processing. It is concluded that special equipment to execute the described type of logic might be quite efficient and is worthy of investigation. It is concluded that while Turing Automata are very inefficient for most types of numerical and data processing, they provide an interesting opportunity for simulation of certain ill-defined types of human thought processes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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