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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of oxygen incorporation on magnetoresistance in Co/Cu multilayers : 38th Annual Conference on Magnetism and Magnetic Materials (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 6540-6542 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The background pressure dependence of magnetoresistance (MR) ratio of Co/Cu multilayer films and the effect of the Fe buffer layer were studied. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) measurement of the films and in situ quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS) analysis in conjunction with background pressure dependence of MR ratio confirmed that the oxidation of Co/Cu gives a crucial influence to the giant magnetoresistance (GMR) effect. The oxidation of Co/Cu weakens the antiferromagnetic coupling, and results in the low MR ratio. The Fe buffer layer absorbs the residual oxygen, and this leads to the increase of the MR ratio. The MR ratio of (Co1 nm/Cu1 nm)100/Fe2.5 nm film deposited under low background pressure and high deposition rate so as to suppress oxidation reached over 80% at RT and 160% at 2 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.356941
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CoPtB(O) alloy films as new perpendicular recording media (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5175-5177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In search of new hard magnetic materials with high saturation magnetization and large coercivity, a comprehensive study was made on numerous Co- and CoPt-base crystalline alloys by means of sputtering techniques. It revealed that a newly found CoPtB(O) alloy system possessed excellent hard magnetic properties with remarkably large perpendicular coercivity and high saturation magnetization. This new alloy film, deposited onto room temperature substrates, shows the magnetic properties of 4πMs=12 kG, H⊥c=4000 Oe, and perpendicular anisotropy field Hk=22 kOe. These values are superior to those of prevailing materials such as CoCr perpendicular and CoPt or CoNi longitudinal recording media. The typical composition is Co69Pt20B6O5 (at. %), and oxygen plays a momentous role on the coercivity in this alloy film. As a magnetic recording medium, a write/read experiment of this film shows that the readout signal has a +9 dB peak-to-peak amplitude compared with that of metal particle tape at 1 μm wavelength and has +10 dB compared with that of a CoCr perpendicular medium at 0.5 μm wavelength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346052
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical current density, lower critical field, and flux creep in Ag-sheathed high-Jc tape of Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 3182-3189 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Initial magnetization curve M(H) and magnetic relaxation M(t) were studied on the Ag-sheathed and highly c-axis oriented tape of Bi-Pb-Sr-Ca-Cu-O with transport Jct=5400 and 2400 A/cm2 (77 K, H=0). The Jc value, derived from M(H) curve based on Bean's critical-state model, agrees fairly well with the Jct. The lower critical field Hc1 for H⊥c axis from M(H) curve increases with a slope of −0.2 Oe/K as temperature decreases from Tc, and it approaches the saturated value of 15 Oe at T∼0 K. The magnitude is much lower than that for the high-Tc superconductors La-Sr-Cu-O and Y-Ba-Cu-O. The creep rate and activation energy U0 are evaluated from M(t) based on the flux creep model. The results show a significant dependence on the measuring process and magnetic field H. The U0 at 5 K for H=500 Oe (H⊥c) is 0.4 eV for the in-field magnetization (IN) and 0.1 eV for the remanent magnetization (REM), which are larger than those for Bi-based high-Tc superconductors reported previously. The U0 for the IN shows a peak of 0.8 eV around 30 K and then decreases as temperature increases, while a peak in it is weakened for the REM. The U0 at H=30 Oe (H⊥c) for the IN is one order larger than that for 500 Oe and the peak temperature is shifted to the lower temperature (∼10 K).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348559
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new guideline for the improvement of soft magnetic properties of crystalline films deposited on tilted substrates : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6582-6584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The coercive forces and anisotropy fields of Fe-Ru-Ga-Si films deposited on 30° tilted substrates were measured for varying chemical compositions and crystal orientations. The minimum coercivity and minimum in-plane magnetic anisotropy were observed at an iron-rich composition corresponding to a substantial magnitude of anisotropy constant: K1=6×103 (J/m3). From an orientation analysis of the crystal aggregate, this optimization with the large K1 was understood to be a result of the cancellation of the shape anisotropy by the crystalline anisotropy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352571
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and recording characteristics for CoPtB(O) rigid disk media : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 5572-5574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Structure, magnetic properties and recording characteristics of the CoPtB(O) media with various underlayers were investigated. Recording performance of the CoPtB(O) perpendicular media is closely related to the crystallinity. Magnetic properties and recording characteristics are much improved by the Au seed layer, and higher reproduced output can be obtained at 200 kFRPI. CoPtB(O) perpendicular media show higher resolution than the CoPtB(O)/Cr longitudinal one. The reproduced output of perpendicular media at 200 kFRPI is more than 10 dB higher than that of the longitudinal one. Noise characteristics of both media are quite different in the recording density response. With increasing recording density, the media noise of longitudinal media slightly increases, while that of the perpendicular one gradually decreases. This means for the perpendicular media that the media noise might originate not from the magnetic transition but from the irregular magnetic reversals within recorded bits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353654
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anomalous misfit strain relaxation in ultrathin YBa2Cu3O7−δ epitaxial films (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 3653-3662 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultrathin YBa2Cu3O7−δ epitaxial films were successfully grown in situ on (001) SrTiO3 and MgO substrates by means of ozone-incorporating activated reactive evaporation. The x-ray-diffraction study was carefully examined to determine the structural properties of the grown films. Excellent crystallinity with no interfacial disorders was revealed by the appearance of the Laue oscillations. It was found that in a well lattice-matched YBa2Cu3O7−δ/SrTiO3 system, the crystallinity was deteriorated due to defect introduction at the critical layer thickness hc ( ∼ 130 A(ring)). Interestingly, also in a poorly lattice-matched YBa2Cu3O7−δ/MgO system, excellent crystallinity was revealed even at above hc ( 〈 24 A(ring)). This implies that an anomalous misfit relaxation process exists in the YBa2Cu3O7−δ/MgO system. In such a system, no crystal imperfection of the MgO substrate caused by defect introduction was elucidated by the grazing incidence x-ray scattering, which indicated that the MgO substrate did not contribute to the anomalous misfit relaxation. The anomalous growth manner was also found in YBa2Cu3O7−δ/MgO according to surface morphology investigations. Below 40 A(ring)( (approximately-greater-than) hc), island nucleation growth was found. Above 40 A(ring), it was observed that an atomically smooth surface was obtained and the crystallinity was simultaneously improved. It is suggested that YBa2Cu3O7−δ possesses an anomalous misfit relaxation mechanism, and that especially in the growth on MgO, it couples with the characteristic growth behavior at the initial stage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348513
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetocrystalline anisotropy and magnetostriction of FeRuGaSi single crystals: SOFMAX (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 886-890 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant, K1 and the magnetostriction constants, λ100 and λ111 for recently found soft magnetic FeGaSi and FeRuGaSi alloys were determined in the composition region, 0–8 at. % Ru, 5–15 at. % Ga, 10–22 at. % Si, and bal. Fe. The Ru 4–8 at. %-added FeRuGaSi alloys have the intersectional points, where λ100, λ111, and K1 simultaneously become zero, at the compositions around Fe67Ru4Ga11Si18 and Fe65Ru8Ga8Si19 (at. %), whereas in the FeGaSi alloy the K1=0 line and the two zero magnetostrictive lines are apart from one another.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347328
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ growth of superconducting Nd-Ce-Cu-O thin films (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 56 (1990), S. 677-679 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Superconducting Nd-Ce-Cu-O thin films were epitaxially grown on SrTiO3 (100) by activated reactive evaporation. As-grown films showed the metallic temperature dependence of the resistivity and superconducting transition at 12.5 K (R=0). The remarkable parallel shift of the onset temperature of the resistive transition in the magnetic fields was observed. Ginzburg–Landau coherence lengths along the c axis and in the basal plane are 7 and 96 A(ring), respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103309
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substrate temperature effect on giant magnetoresistance of sputtered Co/Cu multilayers (1993)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 2839-2841 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The relation between giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and the substrate temperature was investigated in sputtered Co/Cu multilayers. The magnetoresistance (MR) ratio is increased as the substrate temperature is decreased. The increase in the MR ratio is considered to be caused by the improvement in the sharpness of interfaces as concluded from the satellite peak intensity of the x-ray diffraction. The rough interfaces reduce the antiferromagnetic coupled areas and result in the MR ratio decrease. By lowering the substrate temperature to 20 °C, the MR ratio of 80% at room temperature was obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.110791
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and preliminary characterization of five serine proteinases produced by Brevibacterium linens (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of food science & technology 25 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2621
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Five proteinases were purified from culture filtrate of Brevibacterium linens by a series of column chromatography and found to be homogeneous by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. All appear to be serine proteinases, being inactivated by phenyl-methylsulphonyl fluoride and not by EDTA or p-chloromercuribenzoic acid. They were all active against casein in alkaline pH (pH optimum of 11.0) and specific activity was within the range 2.66–3.23 units mg−1 protein. Proteinases C, D and E were more stable in higher temperature and acidic pH than proteinases A and B. Molecular weights estimated by gel filtration were 37000, 37000, 44000, 127000 and 325000 for proteinases, A, B, C, D and E, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb01072.x
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