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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Femtosecond phase spectroscopy of multi-level systems: Phthalocyanines (1996)
    Springer
    Applied physics 63 (1996), S. 255-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 07.60.Ly ; 42.65.Re ; 78.47. + p
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A femtosecond frequency-domain interferometer is applied to metal-free and vanadyl phthalocyanine (H2Pc and VOPc) thin films to measure time-resolved difference phase and transmission spectra simultaneously. For both samples, the phase-change dynamics is different from the transmission-change dynamics at 620 nm, reflecting that the phthalocyanines (Pc) cannot be modeled with a two-level system but by a multi-level or inhomogeneously broadened system, in which each level pair exhibits different relaxation dynamics. Because of this dynamical difference, a phase-change measurement is required to correct distortion of the transient spectra due to induced phase modulation of probe pulses. Near zero time delay, the phase and transmission changes show different growth behavior. This behavior is explained by antisymmetric amplitude and phase gratings which are produced by coherent coupling between frequency-chirped pump and probe pulses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01833795
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of multivariate autoregressive modelling for analysing chloride/potassium/bicarbonate relationship in the body (1993)
    Springer
    Medical & biological engineering & computing 31 (1993), S. S99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1741-0444
    Keywords: Autoregressive model ; Chloride ; Metabolic alkalosis ; Potassium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors repeatedly analysed course data of acid-base disturbances accompanying hypochloraemia and/or hypokalaemia by means of multivariate autoregressive modelling. It was found that the regulatory relationship between chloride and bicarbonate is inverse between the following two hypochloraemic hyperbicarbonataemic states: the one induced by chloride depletion and the other induced by CO2 retention. Also, the study revealed an independent role of potassium deficiency in the development of metabolic alkalosis, especially in cases with mineralocorticoid-induced alkalosis. The present approach enabled the authors to solve a long-standing problem, i.e. to differentiate between the roles of chloride and potassium in the development of metabolic alkalosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02446657
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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