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  • 2-Chloroethyl Isocyanate  (1)
  • 3,3′-Dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tierexperimentelle Untersuchungen zur gewerbetoxikologischen Beurteilung von 2-Chloräthylisocyanat (1972)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 29 (1972), S. 73-84 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: 2-Chloroethyl Isocyanate ; Generation of Vapour Atmospheres ; Inhalation Toxicity ; Threshold Limit Values ; orter: 2-Chloräthylisocyanat ; Erzeugung von Dampf-Luft-Gemischen ; Inhalationstoxicität ; Maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die akute orale Toxicität von 2-Chloräthylisocyanat (CAIC) beträgt 396 mg/kg für männliche Ratten und 630 mg/kg für weibliche Mäuse. Am Kaninchenauge löste die außerordentlich geringe Menge von 5μl CAIC schwere Reizerscheinungen vor allem an der Conjunctiva aus. Auch die irritative Wirkung an der Kaninchenhaut war beträchtlich. In inhalationstoxikologischen Versuchen, deren Methodik durch Beschreibung eines einfachen Verfahrens zur Beladung von Luft ergänzt wurde, erwies sich CAIC als Reizgas ohne erkennbare systemischtoxische Wirkung. Die LC50 für Ratten beträgt bei sechsstündiger Exposition 6,3 ppm. In zwei subakuten Versuchen über 10 Tage mit Konzentrationen von 3,1 und 3,8 ppm überlebten alle Ratten. Zehn Tage nach Versuchsende wurden außer im Respirationstrakt (Tracheobronchitis. Bronchopneumonie) histologisch keine pathologischen Veränderungen gefunden. Es wird eine maximale Arbeitsplatzkonzentration (MAK) von 0,02 ppm vorgeschlagen.
    Notes: Abstract The acute oral toxioity of 2-chloroethyl isocyanate (CAIC) is 396 mg/kg for male rats and 630 mg/kg for female mice. The extremely small quantity of 5 μl CAIC caused severe irritation in the eyes of rabbits, particularly of the conjunctiva. The skin was also affected considerably. Inhalation experiments, involving a new version of a proven method for generating air-vapour mixtures, produced no evidence of systemic toxicity, but let CAIC be classified as an irritant vapour to the respiratory tract. The LC50 for rats is 6.3 ppm after exposure for 6 h, while rats in two experiments involving ten-day exposures to vapour concentrations of 3.1 and 3.8 ppm, respectively, survived. After a fortnight's withdrawal following each experiment, histological examinations showed tracheobronchitis and bronchopneumonia but no pathological change in any other organ examined. A threshold limit value (TLV) of 0.02 ppm is suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316517
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reorganization of the endoplasmic reticulum in epidermal cells of onion bulb scales after cold stress: Involvement of cytoskeletal elements (1989)
    Springer
    Planta 177 (1989), S. 273-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Actin filament ; Allium ; Cold stress ; 3,3′-Dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide ; Endoplasmic reticulum (reorganization) ; Microtubule ; Temperature (cold stress)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In the epidermal cells of onion (Allium cepa L.) bulb scales the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) can be subdivided into three domains: a peripheral tubular network, cisternae, and long tubular strands. The latter are the form in which the ER is moved in onion cells. During cold treatment the arrangement of the three domains changes drastically. The cisternae and long tubular strands disintegrate into short ER tubules which show rapid agitational motion. Long-distance movement is inhibited. The peripheral tubular ER network is presumably retained during cold treatment. Rewarming of previously chilled bulb scales initiates the reorganization of the ER into the three domains. The ER is partly relocated during recovery from cold treatment. Redistribution and reorganization of the ER is not affected by the microtubule-destabilizing herbicides oryzalin and trifluralin (5 μM). Cytochalasin D (2μM), however, inhibits not only the relocation of ER material, as is evident by the absence of long tubular ER strands, but also the movement of other cell organelles. The latter cluster on top of the cisternae in a manner which is characteristic of treatment with the actin-filament inhibitor. The array of actin filaments is similar in unstressed, cold-treated cells, and cells which recover from low temperatures in the presence of oryzalin or tap water alone. In the presence of cytochalasin D the actin filaments are severely fragmented. The results indicate that low temperatures most likely influence either the interaction of the force-generating system, probably myosin, with actin filaments, or the force-generating mechanism of the actomyosin-driven intracellular movement, but do not affect actin-filament integrity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00392816
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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