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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied physics 18 (1979), S. 321-333 
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 51.50.+v ; 52.20F s ; 52.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A model is presented, which yields the breakdown field strength for space-chargefree configurations and the corona onset voltage for conditions with space charges in unitary, attaching gases and gas mixtures. It is entirely based on a physical description. Therefore, it does not require form parameters to be adjusted by comparison with experiments. It only necessitates the knwoledge of a set of any three material data out of a list of eight material properties which are available for a large number of gases. The model is applied to SF6 as well as to binary and multiple mixtures of N2, CO2, SF6, C4F6,c-C4F8, C3F8, CBrClF2. The results generally agree to within 10% with experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-4994
    Keywords: Cryptands ; alkali ion indicators ; pH sensitivity ; semiempirical calculations ; AM1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two newly synthesized cryptands act as sensitive Na+- and K+-selective indicators for cation concentrations above 20 μM. The fluorescence properties change markedly upon cation binding. In addition, the free ligands exhibit a pronounced sensitivity to pH, which is considerably lower for the cation complexes. Time resolved fluorescence is characterized by a decay time of about 5 ns that is attributed to the diprotonated protolytic state of the uncomplexed ligands. Semiempirical calculations show the systematic influence of the nitrogen lone pairs or the N−H bond on the stability of the system. The cause of the strong fluorescence intensity increase observed upon protonation of the fluorescent cryptands may be attributed to an increase in the S1−T x energy gap as a consequence of bridgehead nitrogen protonation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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