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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 40 (1998), S. 788-792 
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Magnetic resonance imaging ; Ageing ; Sex ; Brain stem ; Cerebellum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The cerebral hemispheres become atrophic with age. The sex of the individual may affect this process. There are few studies of the effects of age and sex on the brain stem and cerebellum. We used MRI morphometry to study changes in these structures in 152 normal subjects over 40 years of age. In the linear measurements, men showed significant age-associated atrophy in the tegmentum and pretectum of the midbrain and the base of the pons. In women, only the pretectum of the midbrain showed significant ageing effects after the age of 50 years, and thereafter remained rather constant. Only men had significant age-associated reduction in area of the crebellar vermis area after the age of 70 years. Both men and women showed supratentorial brain atrophy that progressed by decades. There were significant correlations between supratentorial brain atrophy and the diameter of the ventral midbrain, pretectum, and base of the pons in men, and between brain atrophy and the diameter of the fourth ventricle in women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Canine BPH ; Experimentally induced ; Androgen content ; Plasma estrogen ; Androgen receptor ; Estrogen receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The results of hormonal investigation of effects of an antiandrogen, Oxendolone (OXD), alone or in combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), on experimentally induced canine BPH are reported. Seventeen beagle dogs were divided into 5 groups: 2 castrate controls for. Group 0, 3 BPH controls for Group 1 which received 3α-androstanediol (3α-A) and estradiol (E2) for one year, and 12 dogs consisting of 3 groups which received 3α-A and E2 for 6 months followed by testosterone propionate (TP) and E2 for another 6 months. The last 3 groups were treated with either 200 mg/week of OXD (Group 3) or OXD+30 mg/week of MPA (Group 4), and otherwise untreated with these hormones (Group 2, T-E controls). On the blood hormone analysis, both T and 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) were generally lowered in the T-E administered groups (Group 2, 3 and 4) compared to those in Group 1. While MPA significantly descreased these androgen levels, OXD did not influence at all. The concentrations of E2 were similar. Although T content in the prostate did not differ significantly within the experimental groups, DHT was the highest in Group 1 and the lowest in Group 4 and was nearly the same level to Group 0. MPA reduced tissue DHT content but OXD did not. In the receptor assay study, nuclear androgen receptor (AR) content in Group 3 and 4 was significantly lower than that in Group 1. No obvious decrease in nuclear AR content could be seen among the other groups. Significant differences were not observed in both the cytosol AR contents and in the cytosol and nuclear estrogen receptor (ER) contents, although they were generally low in Groups 3 and 4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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