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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 110 (1993), S. 333-336 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Abstinence ; Intrusive thoughts ; Nicotine ; Priming ; Semantic activation ; Stroop interference
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Adult, male smokers were randomly assigned to be nicotine abstinent for 12 h (n=10) or to smoke normally for the same period of time (n=10). Performance on a modified version of the Stroop (1935) color-naming task, where subjects named the color of ink in which each of a series of words was written, showed that abstinent smokers took significantly longer to color-name words related to cigarette smoking (e.g., Lighter) than to color-name neutral control words (e.g., Pennant). Non-abstinent smokers showed a significant difference in the opposite direction. These results suggest that nicotine abstinence decreases the ability to ignore the meaning of smoking-related information. This finding supports the hypothesis that abstinence produces a content-specific shift in attentional focus. The present pattern of results cannot be explained by a general decrease in cognitive function due to nicotine abstinence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Abstinence ; Intrusive thoughts ; Nicotine ; Priming ; Semantic activation ; Perception ; Processing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a group of heavy smokers, overnight abstinence from smoking facilitated the perception of briefly presented smoking words. Subjects in the nicotineabstinent condition accurately identified significantly more smoking-related words than food-related or neutral words. However, a group tested in a non-abstinent condition showed no significant differences in ability to identify the three different word types. Smokers deprived of cigarettes were also significantly better able to categorize smoking words than non-abstinent subjects. These results demonstrate an abstinence-based facilitation of processing smoking-related stimuli at the semantic level, consistent with the hypothesis that smoking-related concepts are activated, or primed, during deprivation from nicotine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 16 (1969), S. 147-155 
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Chlorpromazine ; Scopolamine ; Drug Interactions ; Delayed Matching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two drug combinations, amphetamine-chlorpromazine and amphetamine-scopolamine, were examined in monkeys performing on a delayed matching test. Antagonism between the effects of amphetamine and chlorpromazine on both response rate and accuracy measures of performance was found. Amphetamine and scopolamine had antagonistic effects on response rate but synergistic effects on accuracy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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