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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graft-derived recovery from 6-OHDA lesions: specificity of ventral mesencephalic graft tissues (1988)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 71 (1988), S. 411-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Neural transplantation ; Dopamine Rotation ; Amphetamine ; Apomorphine ; Substantia nigra ; Neostriatum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A series of experiments have been conducted to assess the specificity of recovery from motor asymmetries that is provided by dopamine-rich grafts in the neostriatum of rats with unilateral dopamine-depleting lesions produced by injection of 6-hydroxydopamine into the ascending nigrostriatal pathway. Grafts of embryonic tissue taken from the substantia nigra (rich in dopamine neurons) could provide a complete recovery of methamphetamine-induced rotation and a partial recovery of apomorphine-induced rotation, whereas no recovery was seen in rats with grafts of tissue rich in another monoamine (serotonin, dissected from the mesencephalic raphe) or of tissue appropriate to the target (dissected from the striatal eminence). 6-Hydroxydopamine lesions of dopamine cells in the grafts of recovered animals reinstated the initial lesion-induced asymmetry. Dopamine-rich grafts implanted into the intact neostriatum did not induce any “supernormal” asymmetry in the rats, but did provide a “prophylactic” protection against subsequent lesions of the intrinsic ipsilateral dopamine nigrostriatal system. Post-mortem biochemical assays indicated that the extent of dopamine depletion in the neostriatum of lesioned rats correlated highly with both methamphetamine and apomorphine turning rates. Similarly, both drug rotation tests correlated significantly with the extent of dopamine restoration in the dorsal striatum of rats with dopamine-rich grafts, the correlation being significantly higher for the methamphetamine than for the apomorphine test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00247501
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conditioned locomotor activity but not conditioned place preference following intra-accumbens infusions of cocaine (1992)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 106 (1992), S. 330-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Conditioned place preference ; Conditioned locomotor activity ; Cocaine ; Amphetamine ; Nucleus accumbens ; Reward ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the first experiment, the conditioned place preference (CPP) paradigm was used to examine the rewarding properties of bilateral microinfusions of cocaine HCl into the nucleus accumbens (0, 12.5, 25, 50, or 100 µg). No dose of intra-accumbens cocaine induced a significant CPP. However, bilateral intra-accumbens infusions ofd-amphetamine sulfate (10 µg) or intraperitoneal administration of cocaine HCl (5 or 10 mg/kg) both produced a significant preference for the drug-paired compartment. In the second experiment, the ability of bilateral intra-accumbens infusions of cocaine HCl (50 µg) to elicit conditioned locomotor activity (CLA) was examined. During the conditioning trials, intra-accumbens cocaine significantly increased locomotor activity. On the test day, when no drug was administered, the group that had previously received cocaine in the activity chamber showed significantly greater locomotor activity than the vehicle control group. This demonstration of CLA indicates that rats are able to associate the effects of intra-accumbens infusions of cocaine with environmental stimuli; however, these infusions are not rewarding as measured by the CPP paradigm. In addition, these results may indicate important differences between the neural substrates for cocaine and amphetamine reward and reveal a dissociation between CPP and CLA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245413
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification of human granulocytes by centrifugal elutriation and measurement of transmembrane potential (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 104 (1980), S. 425-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Viable cell samples containing 93% pure granulocytes were obtained from human blood using the techniques of dextran sedimentation followed by centrifugal elutriation. The resting transmembrane potential (Em) of human granulocytes was estimated using the fluorescent lipophilic cation, Di-S-C3(5), from the null point for potassium - i.e., the external K concentration at which there is no change in Em in response to valinomycin (a K ionophore). The Em of human granulocytes, as calculated from the Nernst potential for K at the null point, is approximately - 100 mV. Data indicate that this large transmembrane potential is due in part to the presence of an electrogenic Na-K pump in human granulocytes which is stimulated by external potassium and inhibited by ouabain.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041040315
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmembrane potential changes associated with superoxide release from human granulocytes (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 106 (1981), S. 75-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Treatment of human granulocytes with concanavalin A, phorbol myristate acetate (PMA), N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP), and A23187 (a calcium ionophore) stimulates the release of superoxide anion and the generation of chemiluminescence. The fluorescent probe, Di-S-C3(5), has been used to monitor shifts in membrane potential in response to these stimulants which precede the secretion of superoxide. Concanavalin A, PMA, and FMLP induce a biphasic shift in transmembrane potential (Em), i.e., a rapid depolarization followed by a prolonged hyperpolarization. This depolarization is dependent on both external sodium and calcium while the hyperpolarization is inhibited by ouabain which blocks the electrogenic Na-K pump. In contrast, A23187 induces a rapid and prolonged depolarization. This monophasic shift in Em is dependent on external calcium. These results suggest that depolarization acts as a signal to initiate events associated with the “respiratory burst” of these phagocytes.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041060109
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increase in copy number of an integrated vector during continuous culture of Hansenula polymorpha expressing functional human haemoglobin (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 10 (1994), S. 1569-1580 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Hansenula ; haemoglobin ; integration ; continuous culture ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Recombinant human haemoglobin A (rHbA) was produced by a leucine-requiring strain of Hansenula polymorpha which had been transformed with an integration vector containing the Saccharomyces cerevisiae LEU2 gene and cDNAs for the expression of α and β globin each driven by the H. polymorpha MOX promoter. After 40 generations in a chemostat it was found that the integrated vector had become amplified in the host strain. In some cases this led to an increase in LEU2 gene dosage, but a loss of globin expression cassettes. In other cases the globin gene dosage also increased. These changes coincided with an increase in rHbA production in the culture, which was reversed when the dilution rate was increased. Isolates from a chemostat culture producing elevated levels of rHbA were grown in fed-batch fermentations, resulting in higher productivities than when inoculated with the parent strain. The rHbA produced was purified and characterized. Oxygen binding studies and electrospray mass spectrometry showed that the rHbA had been processed and assembled correctly, and behaved as a fully functional co-operative tetramer.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320101206
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