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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Magnetresonanztomographie ; MRT ; Haut ; In-vivo-Histometrie ; Tumore ; Keywords MRT ; Skin ; Thickness ; Dermatology ; Tumors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Purpose: To characterize human skin qualitatively and quantitatively using high-resolution magnetic resonance tomography (MRT) and to compare skin thickness measurements from MRT and histological specimens. Material and Methods: The skin of 84 persons was examined by use of a 2.5 cm coil in a whole-body tomography (gradient field strength 1.5 T) at a linear resolution of 100 μm. To evaluate the ability to identify various skin structures, following an initial visual description, the signal-noise and contrast-noise ratios were analyzed and the MRT-image compared to the corresponding histological specimen. Results: Using the high-resolution coil, epidermis, dermis and subcutis were discernible. Problem areas included the cheek, distal leg and foot. Reproducible measuring of skin thickness with MRT is possible, but it does not correlate well with conventional histologic measurements.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Ziel: Anhand von In-vivo-Untersuchungen war die Schnittbildanatomie der Haut hinsichtlich ihrer bislang unbekannten Erscheinung im hochauflösenden Magnetresonanztomogramm (MRT) zunächst qualitativ und quantitativ zu charakterisieren. Anschließend sollte der Wert der MRT hinsichtlich der Hautdickenmessung anhand eines Vergleiches mit histologischen Schnitten analysiert werden. Methodik: In einer prospektiven Studie wurde die Haut von 84 Personen mit Hilfe eines 2,5 cm großen Spulenkopfes in einem Ganzkörpertomographen (Gradientenfeldstärke: 1,5 T) bei einer linearen Auflösung von 100 μm untersucht. Zur Bewertung der Abgrenzbarkeit verschiedener Hautstrukturen wurden nach visueller Charakterisierung deren Signal-Rausch- und deren Kontrast-Rausch-Verhältnisse objektiviert und ein Vergleich mit histologischen Präparaten vorgenommen. Ergebnisse: Mit der Hochauflösungsspule lassen sich Epidermis, Dermis und Subkutis differenzieren (p〈0,05). Problematisch ist dies nur an Wange, distalem Unterschenkel und Fuß. Hautdickenmessungen mit der MRT sind zuverlässig möglich. Die Ergebnisse korrelieren aber nicht mit jenen der Histologie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Key words Femoral torsion ; Torsional difference ; Ultrasound ; Femoral fractures ; Anterior condylar line
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Objective. A torsional difference of more than 15° is found in up to 30% of patients following closed intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures. The diagnosis is usually established postoperatively by computed tomography. A torsional deformity of more than 15° should be corrected by early derotation. In order to enable an intraoperative control and possible correction to avoid a second operation for the patient, a new ultrasound-based method suitable for the intraoperative setting has been developed, using the anterior condylar line as a distal reference line. Design and patients. In a prospective study the torsional difference after closed intramedullary nailing of femoral fractures was measured postoperatively by ultrasound in 32 patients and compared with standard CT readings. Results. Torsional differences measured by ultrasound and CT showed a high correlation (r=0.8) and a median difference of less than ±3°. Conclusions. By the introduction of the anterior condylar line as a distal reference line femoral torsion can accurately be assessed by ultrasound in a position required for intraoperative control and possible correction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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