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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chronic mercury vapor poisoning of aphids (1987)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 334-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Aphids ; green peach aphids ; Myzus persicae ; greenbug ; Schizaphis graminum ; pea aphid ; Acyrthosiphon pisum ; mercury vapor ; contamination ; pigmentation ; reproduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Exposure of green peach aphids,Myzus persicae (Sulz.), to an atmosphere containing mercury vapor resulted in a curtailment ofembryogenesis and larviposition by adults, and in the development by larvae and adults of a cuticular darkening of their legs, head capsule, antennae, cornicles and cauda. Mortality of affected larvae resulted from molting difficulties, particularly by last-instar alatiform female and male larvae. Greenbugs,Schizaphis graminum (Rond.), and pea aphids,Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.), responded to mercury vapor exposure in similar ways.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01945575
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extra-nuclear inheritance in a sexually produced aphid: the ability to overcome host plant resistance by biotype hybrids of the greenbug,Schizaphis graminum (1987)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 43 (1987), S. 332-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Extra-nuclear inheritance ; aphids ; greenbugs ; Schizaphis graminum ; biotypes ; hybrids ; fundatrix ; plant resistance ; symbiotes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Greenbugs of biotype E that grow and reproduce well on a biotype C-resistant sorghum (IS 809) were crossed with biotype C greenbugs. The resulting hybrids were tested on IS 809 to study how the ability to overcome the cultivar's resistance is inherited. Only those hybrids stemming from biotype E mothers were able to overcome the resistance of IS 809 plants, indicating that this trait is inherited by the sexually-produced fundatrices in an extra-nuclear manner from the mother. A plausible explanation for this phenomenon is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01945574
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of dietary sucrose concentration on aphid honeydew carbohydrate levels and rates of excretion (1991)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 59 (1991), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Aphids ; Acyrthosiphon pisum ; Myzus persicae ; excretion ; artificial diet ; honeydew
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des gouttelettes de miellat fraîchement excrétées par deux espèces de pucerons, Myzus persicae (Sulz.) et Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.), pucerons nourris sur des régimes nutritifs synthétiques contenant 10–40% de saccharose, ont été récupérées dans de l'huile. Le volume des gouttelettes a été déterminé en mesurant leur diamètre individuel dans l'huile, la fréquence d'excrétion établie par le nombre de gouttelettes excrétées par puceron par heure, et la teneur en glucides par une méthode d'analyse colorimétrique quantitative. Les taux d'ingestion et d'excrétion de liquide, d'ingestion et d'absorption de saccharose ainsi que les taux d'excrétion de glucides ont été par la suite calculés pour les deux espèces d'aphides nourris sur les différentes concentrations de saccharose. Le pourcentage de saccharose alimentaire absorbé par les aphides a été de 36% sur le régime contenant 40% de ce glucide, mais s'est élevé à 97% sur le régime ne contenant que 10% de saccharose. D'après ces relations miellat/régime nutritif, et en connaissant la teneur du miellat en glucides, on peut faire une approximation de la concentration du saccharose dans la sève élaborée du phloème ingérée par les aphides.
    Notes: Abstract Honeydew droplets freshly excreted by two aphid species, Myzus persicae (Sulz.) and Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harr.), feeding on nutritionally adequate, artificial diets containing 10–40% w/v sucrose, were collected in oil. The volume, frequency of excretion, and carbohydrate content of the droplets were determined by measuring the diameter of the droplets in the oil, by recording the number of droplets excreted per aphid per hour, and by using a quantitative colorimetric method for estimating carbohydrates. Rates for the intake or excretion of fluid, the intake and absorption of sucrose, and the excretion of carbohydrate were consequently calculated for the two species on each dietary sucrose concentration. The percentage of dietary sucrose absorbed by the aphids ranged from 36% on diet with 40% sucrose to 97% on diet with 10% sucrose. Such honeydew/diet relationships may allow one to use honeydew carbohydrate concentrations to estimate the sucrose concentrations of the phloem sap ingested by aphids feeding on host plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187960
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method for hatching the eggs of the aphid Schizaphis graminum (1986)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 42 (1986), S. 57-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Aphids ; greenbug ; Schizaphis graminum ; mating ; oviposition ; eggs ; sterilization ; hatching ; temperature ; photoperiod ; moisture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine einfache und effektive Methode beschrieben, die Eier von Schizaphis graminum auf Filterpapier zu sammeln, sie nachfolgend zu sterilisieren und unter verschiedenen Temperatur- und Photoperiodebedingungen bis zum Schlüpfen zu inkubieren. Hierbei wurden folgende Resulate erzielt: (a) Inkubation der Eier in vollkommener Dunkelheit bei 16°C führte zu einem Schlupferfolg von 19% nach einer Entwicklungszeit von im Mittel 81 Tagen; (b) Kühlung der Eier bei 6°C während 40 Tagen (vom 10. Tag nach der Eiablage an) erhöhte die Schlupfrate unter ansonsten gleichen Bedingungen auf 45% und reduzierte die Entwicklungszeit auf 71 Tage; (c) durch einen Licht/Dunkel-Rhythmus, dem die Eier nach der 40-tägigen Kühlung ausgesetzt wurden, konnte eine weitere Steigerung der Schlupfrate und eine Verkürzung der Entwicklungszeit erreicht werden.
    Notes: Abstract Techniques are described for the collection of fertile eggs of Schizaphis graminum (Rond.) on filter paper, and for the subsequent sterilization and incubation of the eggs under various temperature and photoperiodic conditions. 19% of the eggs incubated continuously at 16°C in complete darkness hatched in 81 days after deposition. 45% of the eggs chilled at 6°C for 40 days (starting 10 days after deposition) hatched in 71 days if the postchilling incubation at 16°C was completed in darkness. The results indicate a further enhancement in the percentage egg hatch and a reduction in developmental time when the eggs were subjected to a light-dark regime during the post-chilling incubation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00186158
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The production of different morphs by alate viviparae of the aphid Myzus persicae temporarily exposed to long scotophases (1985)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 37 (1985), S. 175-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Myzus persicae ; aphids ; polymorphism ; photoperiod ; scotophase ; alate viviparae ; gynoparae ; males ; oviparae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Entwicklung von Alatae der grünen Pfirsichblattlaus, Myzus persicae, hauptsächlich zu Gynoparae, eher als zu Virginoparae, wurde im Hinblick auf den Einfluss der Anzahl an Langnächten (LN: 15 Studen Dunkelheit pro Tag), denen die Aphiden vor und/oder nach der Geburt ausgesetzt waren, untersucht. Zur ausschliesslichen Entwicklung aller Alatae zu Gynoparae waren mindestens 2 prenatale und eine postnatale LN-Exposition oder eine prenatale und 2 postnatale LN-Expositionen notwendig, vorausgesetzt die Dunkelphasen betrugen mindestens 12 Stunden. Ausserdem zeigte sich ein kumulativer Effect durch mehrere, aufeinanderfolgende LN-Expositionen, wenn die Alatae diesen von Geburt an, oder einige Tage nach der Geburt, ausgesetzt waren. Im ersten Fall waren weniger LN-Expositionen notwendig.
    Notes: Abstract The development of alatae of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, as gynoparae rather than as virginoparae was investigated with regard to the number of exposures to a long-night (LN) regime of 15 h darkness per diem which the aphids experienced before and/or after their birth. The minimum number of exposures to LN that resulted in all of the alatae developing into gynoparae was two prenatal plus one postnatal or one prenatal plus two postnatal, provided the scotophases in these treatments were at least 12 h long. A cumulative effect of several successive exposures to LN was also evident when the presumptive alatae were exposed to LN either from birth or not until several days after birth. Fewer exposures to LN were needed in the former case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00188207
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone discrimination by male aphids of a biotype of Schizaphis graminum (1987)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 43 (1987), S. 181-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: aphids ; greenbug ; Schizaphis graminum ; biotypes ; pheromone ; reproductive isolation ; hybridization ; males ; oviparae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Reaktion der Männchen von zwei Biotypen (C & E) der Aphide Schizaphis graminum auf die Geschlechtspheromone der Oviparen ihres eigenen und des anderen Biotyps wurde mit Hilfe einer Olfaktometer-Arena untersucht. Biotyp E Männchen zeigten eine starke Präferenz für Biotyp E Ovipare, während die Präferenz von Biotyp C Männchen für Biotyp C Ovipare weniger stark ausgeprägt war. Diese Resultate deuten auf einen möglichen verhaltensbiologischen Isolationsmechanismus der beiden Biotypen dieser Blattlausart in der Natur hin.
    Notes: Abstract The ability of male aphids of two different biotypes (C & E) of the greenbug, Schizaphis graminum (Rondani), to distinguish ovipara-produced sex pheromone of their own biotype from that of the other biotype was examined using an arena olfactometer. Biotype E males showed a strong preference for biotype E oviparae; the preference of biotype C males for biotype C oviparae was less marked. These behavioral findings indicate a potential biochemical reproductive isolating mechanism for these biotypes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301750
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of aphid feeding rates on artificial diets using 3H-inulin (1985)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 37 (1985), S. 9-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Myzus persicae ; aphids ; feeding rate ; artificial diet ; inulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Junge aptere Adulte von Myzus persicae wurden auf künstlicher Diät mit oder ohne Zugabe von radioktiv markiertem Inulin (3H, 100 μCi pro ml; 84.5 cpm pro nl) gehalten. Die Radioaktivität der Blattläuse und ihrer ausgeschiedenen Honigtautropfen wurde in Zeitintervallen nach der Fütterung bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Inulin nur in geringer Menge von den Blattläusen absorbiert wird, und, dass die Radioaktivität der ausge schiedenen Honigtautropfen nach Zugabe von 3H-Inulin zur künstlichen Diät ein verlässliches Mass für das Volumen der von ihnen aufgenommenen Nahrung ist.
    Notes: Abstract The radioactivity of the honeydew droplets excreted by young apterous adults of the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae, fed on an artificial diet containing 3H-inulin was a reliable measure of the volume of food ingested by the insects, since almost none of the ingested inulin was absorbed and retained by the insects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00366802
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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