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  • Chemical Engineering  (5)
  • Adaptation  (2)
  • Arabidopsis  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neural correlates of motion after-effects in cat striate cortical neurones: monocular adaptation (1988)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 72 (1988), S. 1-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Vision ; Visual cortex ; Adaptation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Motion after-effects were elicited from striate cortical cells in lightly-anaesthetized cats, by adapting with square-wave gratings or randomly textured fields drifting steadily and continuously in preferred or null directions. The time-course and recovery of responsiveness following adaptation were assessed with moving bars, gratings or textured fields. Results were compared with controls in which the adapting stimulus was replaced by a uniform field of identical mean luminance, and also assessed in relation to the strength and time course of adaptation. Within 30–60 s adaptation, firing declined to a steady-state. Induced after-effects were direction-specific, and manifest as a transitory depression in response to the direction of prior adaptation, recovering to control levels in 30–60 s. Maximal after effects were induced by gratings of optimal drift velocity and spatial frequency. With rare exceptions after-effects were restricted to driven activity; no consistent effects on resting discharge were observed. The onset of adaptation, and the recovery period, were more rapid in simple cells, although after effects of comparable strength were elicited from simple and from standard complex cells. Special complex cells, including many of the more profoundly texture-sensitive neurones in the cortex, were more resistant to adaptation. The results support the conclusion that psychophysically measured adaptation and induced motion after-effect phenomena reflect the known properties of cortical neurones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00248495
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pattern specificity of velocity aftereffects (1985)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 60 (1985), S. 71-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Motion ; Velocity ; Visual cortex ; Adaptation ; Texture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Interactions between two different visual patterns, a coarse grating and a fine texture pattern, were investigated in the context of velocity aftereffects in human subjects. The perceived velocity shift, in which the perceived velocity of a moving test pattern is reduced following exposure to a similarly moving adaptation pattern, is apparent when the adaptation and test patterns are of the same or different types. The aftereffect transfers interocularly in both cases. The directional tuning of the aftereffect is broad, and has a different profile for texture adaptation than for bar adaptation. When adaptation is to a composite stimulus comprising independently moving bars and texture, the aftereffect varies according to the nature of the test pattern. The results are discussed with reference to interactions between the responses of neurones in feline striate cortex to the two types of pattern.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00237020
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ethylene binding sites in higher plants (1996)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 18 (1996), S. 71-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; ethylene ; ethylene binding protein ; signal transduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract A review of work carried out on ethylene binding in higher plants is presented. The use of radio-labelled displacement assays has identified specific 14C-ethylene binding in all tissues so far studied. virtually all higher plants studied contain at least two classes of ethylene binding site, one of which fully associates and dissociates in about 2 h and a class of sites that takes up to 20 h to become fully saturated. Although the types of site differ in their rate constants of association they have similar and high affinities for ethylene. A series of Arabidopsis thaliana mutants shown to vary in sensitivity to ethylene have been analysed for 14C-ethylene binding. One mutant, eti 5, which was shown to be unaffected by ethylene concentrations of up to 10,000 μL L−1 was also shown to exhibit reduced binding. In vivo and in vitro studies on pea have shown that ethylene binding can be detected in this tissue. In vitro studies have shown that both membrane and cytosolic fractions contain measurable amounts of ethylene binding. Interestingly, cytosolic ethylene binding consisted only of the fast associating/dissociating type. Developing cotyledons of Phaseolus vulgaris contain a higher concentration of ethylene binding sites that other tissues and only contain the slow dissociating component. These facets have allowed the purification of ethylene binding protein(s) (EBP) from this tissue. The proteins which bind ethylene can be resolved into two bands of 26 and 28 kDa on semi-denaturing PAGE and the proteins appear to be single entities on a 2-D gels. Data will be presented which indicate a possible role for heterotrimetric G-proteins in the early stages of the ethylene signal transduction pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028490
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the possible role of protein phosphorylation in the transduction of the ethylene signal (1996)
    Springer
    Plant growth regulation 18 (1996), S. 135-141 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5087
    Keywords: Arabidopsis ; EBP ; ethylene ; phosphorylation ; receptors ; signal transduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated the existence of high affinity binding sites for the plant growth regulator ethylene. The ethylene binding protein (EBP), from Phaseolus cotyledons, shows many of the characteristics of a functional receptor for ethylene, has been purified on SDS-PAGE and polyclonal antibodies raised in rabbits. Current work involves the investigation of the ethylene transduction signal in a number of ethylene-responsive tissues. In peas, it has been shown that ethylene promotes the phosphorylation of specific proteins of similar molecular weight to the EBP from Phaseolus. Such ethylene-induced phosphorylation can be inhibited by the ethylene antagonist, 2,5-NBD. The antibodies raised to the EBP from Phaseolus have been shown to immunoprecipitate 32P-labelled proteins from membrane protein preparations obtained from pea tissue. Studies on ethylene binding in pea have also shown that the binding of ethylene may be regulated by phosphorylation. Thus, under conditions which promote phosphorylation, binding is inhibited, whereas the reverse is true under conditions which enhance dephosphorylation. Further work is described which examines the effect of protein kinase, protein phosphatase and calcium channel inhibitors on ethylene-induced phosphorylation in peas, together with wild-type (WT) and ethylene insensitive (eti) mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana. The effects of these treatments can be monitored in vivo using the ethylene-induced triple response as a screen. Furthermore, the protein profiles of such treated seedlings can then be compared by labelling protein extracts with 32P and subjecting the samples to SDS-PAGE followed by autoradiography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00028498
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pumping characteristics of self-wiping twin-screw extruders - A theoretical and experimental study on biopolymer extrusion (1989)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 29 (1989), S. 433-440 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids which obeys a power law relationship between shear stress and shear rate has been modeled in the melt conveying section of a self-wiping co-rotating twin-screw extruder using a finite element analysis of an unwound channel section. Predictions of throughput against pressure gradient are compared with experimentally obtained results for maize grits which is represented as a power law material. Rheological data applicable to extrusion simulation were obtained from capillary rheometry. Comparisons are reasonable with predicted characteristic showing similar behavior.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760290702
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Family plots for evaluating physical properties of organosilicon compounds (1994)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 40 (1994), S. 373-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690400217
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pressure losses in the packing stage of injection molding (1986)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 26 (1986), S. 1282-1289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The pressure loss between the mold and the nozzle in the injection molding of bar and box moldings has been monitored. The pressure drop observed during filling of the mold is reduced during the packing stage but remains finite. This has been attributed in the literature to solidification of polymer across the cavity transducer and to melt relaxation phenomena. Experiments have been carried out with hot molds to prolong the packing stage at the expense of the ‘cooling’ stage. Under these circumstances the pressure drop is reduced but not eliminated. The observed pressure drop may be related to the viscosity of the melt and its dependence on pressure and temperature although strain-induced crystallization and the pressure dependence of the melting point can confer effects similar to the cooling stage.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760261808
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 2-d numerical study of intermeshing self-wiping screws in biopolymer extrusion (1991)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 31 (1991), S. 1157-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A knowledge of flow behavior is important in the study of laminar flow in twin-screw extrusion processes to predict the velocity distribution and to understand the mixing process. The flow of a power law fluid in self-wiping twin-screw extruders is examined using a two-dimensional finite element analysis of a mid-channel section of intermeshing screws. Theory is compared with experiment using food biopolymer and plastic materials. Comparisons showing overprediction of throughputs, but similarities in behavior, suggest that this model could provide an upper limit for melt conveying. For most of the throughput range examined, pumping of intermeshing self-wiping screws appears to be almost independent of the power law flow index of the melt extruded, but the value of the flow index determines the degree of influence intermeshing has on the overall pressure gradient generated in the extruder.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760311513
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some features of the injection molding of short fiber reinforced thermoplastics in center sprue-gated cavities (1987)
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 8 (1987), S. 16-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper describes an investigation into the fiber orientation in a number of center sprue fed cavities in short glass fiber filled polypropylene and nylon. The data have been interpreted in terms of a generalized five-layer structure resulting from the frozen skin formation and the high and low shear levels in the flowing melt. The implications for scaling up the mold size are discussed from the results obtained with different shot volumes. The fiber structure was observed to depend on location in the molding, local injection time, and injection rate. In addition the occurrence of fiber-free layers within the moldings using the filled polypropylene increases with an increase in shot volume, which produces an inherent ‘scale-up’ problem. Notwithstanding the mold geometry subtleties, the fiber orientation in all the moldings follows similar patterns and trends.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.750080104
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