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  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 79.60  (1)
  • Balancierte Anästhesie  (1)
  • Frontal lobe degeneration  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 97 (1995), S. 83-93 
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: 79.60 ; 71.20 ; 71.28
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We have investigated hole doped (by lithium) and electron-doped (by nickel metal) NiO with photoemission (PES), inverse photoemission (IPES) and low and high energy electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Both types of doping create empty states approximately in the middle of the charge transfer gap of undoped NiO.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter TIVA ; Propofol/Remifentanil ; Balancierte Anästhesie ; Sevofluran/Fentanyl ; Laparoskopie ; Gynäkologie ; Key words TIVA ; Propofol/Remifentanil ; Balanced anaesthesia ; Sevoflurane/Fentanyl ; Laparoskopy ; Gynaecology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Objective: This study was designed to investigate the differences between TIVA with propofol/remifentanil (P/R) and balanced anaesthesia with sevoflurane/fentanyl (S/F) in gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. Emphasis was put on haemodynamic reaction, recovery profile, postoperative side effects and patient satisfaction. Methods: Sixty patients were randomly assigned to receive either total intravenous anaesthesia with propofol/remifentanil or anaesthesia with sevoflurane/fentanyl. After premedication (midazolam) and induction of anesthesia (propofol, atracurium) in both groups, either 1 µg/kg fentanyl (S/F) or 1 µg/kg remifentanil (P/R) was injected. Anaesthesia was maintained with 0.5 µg/kg/min remifentanil (reduced to 50% after 5 min) and 0.06 µg/kg/min propofol (P/R) or 1.7 vol % sevoflurane (S/F). Both groups were mechanically ventilated with 30% oxygen in air. The administration of sevoflurane and the infusion of the anaesthetics were adjusted to maintain a surgical depth of anaesthesia. For postoperative analgesia 1 g paracetamol was administered rectally prior to surgery. After recovery 20 mg/kg metamizol was given intravenously. At the end of surgery the anaesthetics were discontinued and haemodynamics, early emergence from anaesthesia, pain level, frequency of analgesic demand, incidence of PONV, shivering and patient satisfaction were assessed. Parameters were recorded for 24 h postoperatively. Results: Recovery time after propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia was significantly shorter than after administration of sevoflurane and fentanyl (spontaneous ventilation 4.1 vs. 6.3 min, extubation 4.3 vs. 9.3 min, eye opening 4.4 vs 8.2 min, stating name 5.3 vs. 13.2 min, stating date of birth 5.4 vs. 13.3 min). There were no significant differences between the groups in shivering, pain score, analgesic demand and PONV. The S/F group responded to tracheal intubation with significantly higher blood pressure than the P/R group. During maintenance of anaesthesia heart rate in patients with S/F was significantly higher (P/R: HR max +16/–10; S/F: HR max +24/–0.). Measured on a scale from very satisfied to very dissatisfied, 73% of the patients in the P/R group were ”very satisfied” (S/F 23%) and 23% were ”satisfied” (S/F 62%). Conclusion: Compared with patients given balanced anaesthesia with sevoflurane and fentanyl, TIVA with propofol and remifentanil proved to be particularly suited for gynaecological laparoscopic surgery. Its major advantages are haemodynamic stability, significantly shorter times of emergence, and the exceptional acceptance by the patients.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Unterscheidet sich eine TIVA mit Remifentanil/Propofol (P/R) von einer balancierten Anästhesie mit Sevofluran/Fentanyl (S/F) hinsichtlich der Hämodynamik, des Aufwachverhaltens, postoperativer Nebenwirkungen und der Patientenzufriedenheit? Methodik: 60 Patientinnen wurden randomisiert einer Anästhesie mit (P/R) oder (S/F) zugeteilt. Nach oraler Prämedikation mit Midazolam wurde die Narkose mit Propofol eingeleitet, die Relaxierung erfolgte mit Atracurium. Gemäß randomisierter Gruppenzuteilung wurde 1 µg/kg Fentanyl oder 1 µg/kg Remifentanil i.v. injiziert und die Narkose bis zum OP-Ende entweder mit 0,5 µg/kg/h Remifentanil (Reduktion auf 50% nach 5 min) und mit 0,06 mg/kg/min Propofol oder mit 1,7 Vol.-% Sevofluran aufrechterhalten. Beide Gruppen wurden mit 30% O2 in Luft beatmet. Die Dosierung von Sevofluran, Propofol und Remifentanil wurden bei Bedarf der jeweiligen Intensität chirurgischer Stimuli angepaßt. Zur postoperativen Analgesie erhielten alle Patientinnen zu OP-Beginn 1 g Paracetamol rektal, nach Erwachen Metamizol 20 mg/kg i.v.. Bei OP-Ende wurde die Anästhetikazufuhr unterbrochen und folgende Parameter erfaßt: mittlerer arterieller Blutdruck, Herzfrequenz, Aufwachverhalten, Schmerzintensität, Analgetikabedarf, PONV, Muskelzittern und die Patientenzufriedenheit mit dem Anästhesieverfahren. Der Beobachtungszeitraum betrug 24 h. Ergebnisse: Die Patientinnen waren nach einer P/R Narkose signifikant eher wach und orientiert als nach einer Anästhesie mit S/F (Spontanatmung 4,1 vs. 6,3 min, Extubation 4,3 vs. 9,3 min, Augenöffnen 4,4 vs. 8,2 min, Namen nennen 5,3 vs. 13,2 min, Geburtsdatum 5,4 vs. 13,3 min). Die Inzidenz von PONV (43% vs. 43%) und Muskelzittern (56% vs. 37%) sowie die Schmerzintensität und die Anzahl der Schmerzmittelanforderungen (67 vs. 52) waren in beiden Gruppen vergleichbar. Der MAP war in der S/F-Gruppe nach der Intubation signifikant höher, die HF im gesamten Verlauf signifikant höher als in der P/R Gruppe (P/R: HF max. +16/–10; S/F: HF max. +24/–0). Auf einer Skala von „sehr zufrieden–sehr unzufrieden” waren 73% (P/R) der Patientinnen mit dem Anästhesieverfahren „sehr zufrieden” (S/F 23%), 23% „zufrieden” (S/F 62%). Schlußfolgerung: Verglichen mit einer balancierten Anästhesie mit Sevofluran und Fentanyl erwies sich die TIVA mit Remifentanil und Propofol als besonders vorteilhaft für laparoskopische Operationen in der Gynäkologie. Wesentliche Vorteile waren signifikant schnellere Aufwachzeiten, die hämodynamische Stabilität und die große Akzeptanz des Anästhesieverfahrens durch die Patientinnen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 245 (1995), S. 299-305 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Frontal lobe degeneration ; Dementia ; Non-Alzheimer type
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report six cases of presenile (five) and senile (one) progressive dementia with a mild-to-marked frontal or frontotemporal atrophy and ventricular dilation (Frontal Lobe Degeneration [FLD]). The most prominent microscopic features were layer-dependet neuronal depletion of the cortex, spongiosis, and cortical and subcortical gliosis. Five cases showed additional degeneration of the S. nigra, and two also had motor neuron disease. Despite the absence of Pick cells and bodies, such cases have many features in common with Pick atrophy. Because Pick cells and bodies are inconstantly occurring features in other-wise typical cases of Pick atrophy, they cannot be regarded as inevitable markers of the latter. In our opinion, cases with mild frontal or frontotemporal atrophy as described herein and by others match the grades 1 and 2 in terms of Schneider's classification of Pick atrophy [37]. As long as the etiology of both Pick atrophy and the socalled FLD is unknown, and we finally have to follow morphological criteria for classification, there is apparently no convincing reason to introduce a separate category, such as FLD or FTA, for the cases with moderate or mild frontal atrophy and dementia of frontal lobe type, which can be sufficiently classified with the Pick spectrum of lobar atrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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