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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (6)
  • allelochemical  (5)
  • Industrial Chemistry  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorgoleone from root exudate inhibits mitochondrial functions (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 197-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sorgoleone ; mitochondria ; inhibitor ; allelochemical ; allelopathy ; root exudate ; Sorghum bicolor ; electron transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this investigation was to determine if sorgoleone (SGL), a hydrophobic compound inSorghum bicolor (L.) Moench root exudate, interferes with mitochondrial functions. Tests were conducted on mitochondria isolated from etiolated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and corn (Zea mays L.) seedlings. The data show SGL is a potent inhibitor of state 3 and state 4 respiration rates in both soybean and corn. Using either NADH, succinate, or malate as substrate, the I50 was about 0.5μM SGL for state 3 and 5.0μM for state 4 based on 0.3–0.5 mg mitochondrial protein. Absorption spectra indicate SGL blocks electron transport at theb-c 1 complex. These data show that disruption of mitochondrial function may be a mechanism of SGL-mediated growth inhibition previously reported and demonstrate a probable role of SGL inSorghum allelopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00993753
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use ofLemna minor L. as a bioassay in allelopathy (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 11 (1985), S. 65-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Bioassay ; Lemna minor ; allelochemical ; allelopathy ; duckweed
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Investigations in allelopathy often require the use of a bioassay for evaluating limited quantities of potentially active growth regulators. A bioassay procedure was developed usingL. minor grown in 1.5-ml aliquots of nutrient medium with and without allelochemicals in wells of 24-well tissue culture cluster dishes with loose-fitting lids. Tests using six replications per treatment with several flavonoid compounds and derivatives of coumarin, benzoic acid, and cinnamic acid demonstrated that the bioassay was capable of measuring inhibition at levels of compound ranging from 50 to 1000 μmol. Strongly inhibitory treatments were visible after 1 or 2 days. After 7 days of growth, frond number, growth rate, and dry weight were used to evaluate effects. The bioassay system is relatively simple, very sensitive, reproducible, and can be used for testing small amounts and dilute concentrations of unknowns which have been separated by chromatography.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987606
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phytotoxicity of sorgoleone found in grain Sorghum root exudates (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 18 (1992), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sorgoleone ; phytotoxin ; allelochemical ; allelopathy ; root exudate ; Sorghum bicolor ; Sorghums ; weed inhibition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Root exudates ofSorghum bicolor consist primarily of a dihydroquinone that is quickly oxidized to ap-benzoquinone named sorgoleone. The aim of this investigation was to determine the potential activity of sorgoleone as an inhibitor of weed growth. Bioassays showed 125μM sorgoleone reduced radicle elongation ofEragrostis tef. In liquid culture, 50-μM sorgoleone treatments stunted the growth ofLemna minor. Over a 10-day treatment period, 10μM sorgoleone in the nutrient medium reduced the growth of all weed seedlings tested:Abutilon theophrasti, Datura stramonium, Amaranthus retroflexus, Setaria viridis, Digitaria sanguinalis, andEchinochloa crusgalli. These data show sorgoleone has biological activity at extremely low concentrations, suggesting a strong contribution toSorghum allelopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00997160
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of juglone on growth, photosynthesis, and respiration (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 559-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Juglone ; allelopathy ; allelochemical ; photosynthesis ; chioroplast ; mitochondria ; Lemna minor ; Glycine max
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The impacts of juglone on plant growth and several other physiological functions were evaluated in this study. Juglone inhibitedLemna minor growth, chlorophyll content, and net photosynthesis at treatments between 10 and 40μM. Soybean leaf disks vacuum infiltrated with as little as 10μM juglone had reduced photosynthesis. Oxygen evolution by chloroplasts isolated fromPisum sativum was inhibited by juglone with an I50 of 2μM. Micromolar treatments of juglone stimulated oxygen uptake in mitochondria isolated fromGlycine max. These data suggest perturbations of chloroplast and mitochondrial functions may contribute to plant growth reductions observed in juglone-mediated allelopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994325
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of root exudate sorgoleone on photosynthesis (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 19 (1993), S. 369-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sorgoleone ; allelochemical ; allelopathy ; photosynthesis ; chloroplast ; root exudate ; Sorghum bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this investigation was to determine if sorgoleone (SGL), ap-benzoquinone inSorghum bicolor root exudate, is a photosynthesis inhibitor. Assays usingGlycine max leaf disks showed concentrations as low as 10μM SGL inhibited oxygen evolution more than 50%. Tests conducted on chloroplasts isolated fromPisum sativum showed that SGL is a powerful inhibitor of CO2-dependent oxygen evolution. Using a chloroplast suspension equivalent to 80–100μg chlorophyll, the I50 was approximately 0.2μM SGL. These data indicate inhibition of photosynthesis is part of the explanation for growth reduction caused by this allelochemical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00993702
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of human salivary α-amylase (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 11 (1991), S. 230-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: parotid saliva ; enzyme ; crystals ; X-ray analysis ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Nonglycosylated α-amylase, a major component of human parotid saliva, has been crystallized by the vapor diffusion technique using 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol as the precipitant in the presence of CaCl2 at pH 9.0. The crystals are orthorhombic, space group P212121 with unit cell dimensions of a = 53.3, b = 75.8, and c = 138.1 Å. The asymmetric unit contains one amylase molecule. The solvent content is 54%. The crystals are stable to X-rays and diffract up to 2.8 Å and appear to be suitable for X-ray diffraction studies.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prot.340110308
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wärme- und Stoffaustausch zwischen Dampfblase und Flüssigkeit bei Stickstoff/Sauerstoff-GemischenAuszug aus der Dissertation, Eidg. Technische Hochschule Zürich, 1958, Prom.-Nr. 2827, Referent: Prof. Dr. P. Grassmann. (1960)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 32 (1960), S. 330-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Beim System Stickstoff/Sauerstoff wurden bei Atmosphärendruck Wärme- und Stoffaustausch zwischen Dampf und Flüssigkeit verfolgt. Das Gas strömte dabei in Blasen, die an einer einzelnen Öffnung mit Kreisquerschnitt gebildet wurden, durch eine ruhende Flüssigkeit. Gaszusammensetzung, Flüssigkeits-zusammensetzung und Flüssigkeitsstand über der Düse konnten dabei beliebig, die Temperatur der Flüssigkeit, die Eintrittstemperatur des Gases, Düsendurchmesser und eingeblasener Gasstrom beschränkt variiert werden. Entstehung und Aufstieg der Blasen in der Flüssigkeit wurden in Zeitdehner-filmen festgehalten. Dabei wurde festgestellt, daß das Verstärkungsverhältnis in den untersuchten Intervallen der Variablen von folgenden Größen abhängt: Flüssigkeitszusammensetzung, Durchsatz durch die Düse, Austauschstrecke des Dampfes durch die Flüssigkeit und Richtungssinn des Stoffaustausches.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330320503
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steuerungen und Regelungen von Betriebsanlagen der pharmazeutischen Chemie (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 37 (1965), S. 232-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Die Synthesen der pharmazeutischen Produkte umfassen meist zahlreiche Stufen, wobei Chargenprozesse mit kontinuierlichen Prozessen abwechseln. Daher müssen auch die kontinuierlich arbeitenden Apparaturen oft angehalten werden. Diese Besonderheit muß bei der Auswahl der Schaltelemente berücksichtigt werden.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330370310
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steuerung und Regelung von chemischen Fabrikationsprozessen bei instationärem Betrieb (1966)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 38 (1966), S. 239-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Es werden Prinzipien, nach denen Regelungen und Steuerungen des instationären Betriebes allgemein möglich sind, aufgezählt und Vor- und Nachteile verschiedener Varianten miteinander verglichen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330380310
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of cytosolic proteins in the rat kidney cortex and medulla: Preliminary proteomics (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 19 (1998), S. 2491-2497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Cortex ; Cytoplasm ; Two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ; Kidney ; Medulla ; Proteomics ; Rat ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rodent kidney is a target of many xenobiotics and is typified by regionally specific structure and function. This renders distinct regions of the kidney differentially susceptible to toxic exposure and effect. To characterize these differences at the proteome level, protein patterns from male rat kidney cortex and medulla cytosols were examined by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and image analysis and prominent proteins identified immunologically or by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization - mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) and electrospray/ionization - tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) sequence tag identification. An average of 727 protein spots were resolved and matched to the cortex cytosol reference pattern, and 716 in the medulla. Of this total, 127 proteins were found to differ in abundance (86 higher in cortex; 41 higher in medulla) (P 〈 0.001). Of those proteins that were detectable in both cortex and medulla, the abundance of 97 differed significantly while 30 proteins were found to be unique to one region or the other (26 in cortex, 4 in medulla). Twenty protein spots were identified and their regional differences are discussed. These results both confirm and expand our understanding of the molecular heterogeneity characterizing structurally and functionally distinct regions of the kidney and serve as a useful foundation for future nephrotoxicologic studies.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150191423
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