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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (20)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimal control of an enzyme reaction subject to enzyme deactivation. I. Batch process (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 12 (1970), S. 291-311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper is concerned with the study of an enzymatic system in a repeated batch process where the enzyme is subject to deactivation. The particular system studied was the enzymatic hydrolysis of Penicillin G to 6-aminopenicillanic acid. Utilizing standard optimization techniques, pH and temperature control policies were determined that would maximize the product yield.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260120209
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic and steady state studies of phenol biodegradation in pure and mixed cultures (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1211-1235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The microbial degradation of phenol by pure and mixed cultures of Pseudomonas putida was studied in batch, phenol-stat, and continuous culture systems. In the continuous culture runs, both steady state and transient experiments were performed. From these experiments, a model for the kinetic behavior of the organisms was evolved and an analysis performed on the stability and dynamic behavior of pure and mixed cultures. The results indicate that it should be possible to achieve phenol removal from wastewaters down to levels of 1-2 ppm in a single stage system. However, because of the effects of substrate inhibition on kinetic behavior of the microorganisms, long lasting transients can occur. The transient behavior of such systems cannot be solely determined from μmax or Ks, parameters, but must include a consideration of the transient size and response characteristic of the organism.
    Additional Material: 22 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260170809
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous dialysis for the on-line analysis of diffusible components in fermentation broth (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 20 (1978), S. 1295-1301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260200815
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Method for determining the concentration of adsorbed protein and cell biomass in cellulose fermentations (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 20 (1978), S. 1501-1505 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260200917
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of continuous-culture techniques for determining the growth kinetics of a celluloytic Thermoactinomyces sp. (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 21 (1979), S. 1277-1288 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In order to better understand the kinetics of cellulose degradation by Thermoactinomyces sp., continuous-culture experiments were performed utilizing the various intermediates of cellulose degradation as the feed substrates. Steady-state data from the glucose runs suggest that this organism has a growth yield of 0.42 g cell/g glucose, and a specific maintenance of 0.24 g glucose/g cell/hr. The Monod equation did not seen to model the growth well, since a plot of 1/D vs. 1/S gave a maximum specific growth rate that was even lower than one of the steady-state dilution rates. A dynamic washout experiment suggested a maximum specific specific growth rate of 0.36 hr-1 and indicated that glucose is only slightly growth inhibitory as the inhibition constant, Ki, is 19 g glucose/liter. An equation for substrate concentration for washout conditions was derived. This equation predicted the transient glucose concentration relatively well. A fill-and-draw technique was investigated for determination of the growth parameters. It was not successful because of difficulties in contamination and accurately monitoring the dissolved oxygen in the small highly agitated vessel. However, the technique could be useful in studying the growth characteristics of sludge in a waste treatment system where contamination is not a worry. One could cover the medium surface and use a nonsterilizable dissolved oxygen probe of high sensitivity membrane to overcome these difficulties.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260210714
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of Trichoderma QM 9414 biomass and growth rate by indirect means (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 22 (1980), S. 821-831 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Trichoderma QM 9414 was aerobically grown on glucose as the sole carbon and energy sources in a chemostat culture. The specific rates of glucose consumption (QG), oxygen consumption (QO2), and carbon dioxide production (QCO2) at the steady state were measured to estimate the growth and maintenance requirements. From the results it was estimated that 2 mol adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were produced when1 mol NADH was oxidized through the respiratory chain of this microorganism. The true growth yield for ATP (YATP) and specific ATP consumption rate for maintenance (QATPm) calculated with this value were 0.0106 g dry cell/mmol ATP and 5.2 mmol ATP/g dry cell/hr, respectively. Using the relationships between specific growth rate (μ) and (QCO2) and between μ and QG obtained from chemostat-culture data, cell and glucose concentration histories were estimated from the carbon dioxide production rate during the batch culture. The estimated cell concentrations agreed with the experimentally measured values. Glucose concentration were slightly overestimated.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260220407
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellulase production by wild and a new mutant strain of Thermomonospora sp. (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 24 (1982), S. 1901-1904 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260240818
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of two empirical models for the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated poplar wood (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 26 (1984), S. 936-941 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two empirical models for the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose are used to analyze the same set of experimental data to determine if one model is superior to the other. Both models adequately describe the data. The parameters in both models may be correlated to the hydrolysis conditions of enzyme, substrate, and product inhibitor concentrations. Both empirical models have features which are consistent with theoretical models of cellulose hydrolysis.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260818
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of organosolv pretreatment on the enzymatic hydrolysis of poplar (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 26 (1984), S. 670-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The use of alcohol/water/catalyst mixtures to delignify wood allows the lignin to be recovered in a usable form while leaving the carbohydrate fraction relatively intact. The effects of temperature, reaction time, and the type of solvent and catalyst on the delignification of milled poplar wood were investigated. The lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose composition of the pretreated material was measured for each treatment condition. In addition, the pretreated samples were subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis using the cellulases produced by the thermophilic bacterium Thermomonospora sp. YX. The extent of enzymatic hydrolysis was characterized using an empirical model, and the results were used to examine the effectiveness of the pretreatment.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260706
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of fluorometry for monitoring and control of a bioreactor (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 37 (1991), S. 1043-1049 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Multiple excitation fluorometric system (MEFS) ; NADH probe ; culture fluorescence ; inner filter effects ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new fluorescent bioreactor monitoring probe - multiple excitation fluorometric system (MEFS) - has been developed. This probe was compared to the commercially available BioChem Technology FluroMeasure system (NADH probe). In this task the fluorescence behavior of three model fermentation systems, ethanol fermentation by Candida utilis, phenol fermentation by Pseudomonas putida, and glucose fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae, were examined. The results indicated that the fluorescence intensity and behavior of various cellular fluorophors vary significantly between the different fermentation systems. Monitoring a fermentation process using only NAD(P)H fluorescence provided limited information. The NAD(P)H fluorescence was found not to be the best fluorescence signal for monitoring cell concentrations. The best way of monitoring a bioreactor by fluorometry may be to monitor several fluorophors in the whole culture broth simultaneously and to relate these fluorescence signals to various biological parameters.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260371109
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