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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Urological research 19 (1991), S. 215-218 
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Bladder cancer ; Growth fraction ; Pol α immunostaining
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The growth fraction of bladder tumors was immunohistochemically assessed in situ using anti-DNA polymerase (Pol α) monoclonal antibody. This enzyme is known to be present in the nucleus of the cells in G1, S, and G2 phases. The percentage of labeled cells was expressed as the labeling index (LI). The average LI was 6.0% in normal epithelium and 17.8% in bladder tumors, this difference being significant. The labeled cells were distributed throughout both the basal and surface layers of bladder tumors. However, in some bladder tumors, the distribution of Pol α-labeled cells varied from area to area. The higher fraction of labeled cells was found in high grade or invasive tumors. Papillary and nodular bladder tumors showed a greater rate of cell proliferation than papillary tumors. These findings suggest that Pol α immunostaining could be a potent tool for easy and quick evaluation of proliferating cells in bladder tumors, there-by providing a supplement to conventional histological findings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-0879
    Keywords: Bladder cancer ; OK432-bladder ; Instillation ; NK activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The anti-tumor effect of OK432 instilled into the bladder was evaluated in rat bladder tumors induced by N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN). In experiment I, the rate of the natural killer (NK) activity was determined with cells from spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes. Intravesical OK432 instillation enhanced NK activity; however, this activity was not dose-dependent and was not augmented by OK432 inoculation into the foot pad. In experiment 2, the therapeutic effect of intravesical OK432 instillation was examined in rat bladder tumors induced by BBN. OK432 was instilled weekly for six weeks. Rats given BBN for 10 weeks were divided into six groups: 1) control; 2) saline; 3) OK432 0.05 KE/ml; 4) OK432 0.05 KE/ml bladder instillation with 0.01 KE/ml foot pad inoculation; 5) OK432 0.05 KE/ml, every other week; and 6) OK432 0.5 KE/ml. Weekly OK432 instillation significantly reduced tumor weight and the incidence of tumor development; however, this inhibition was not dose-dependent and was not enhanced by OK432 inoculation into the foot pad. In rats given OK432 weekly, the augmentation of NK activity and increase in tissue infiltrating lymphocytes were significant. These results suggest that intravesical OK432 instillation is effective in the management of superficial bladder tumors. The study further emphasizes that the dose and method of administration are critical variables in determining the efficacy of immunotherapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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