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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Blood-brain barrier ; Neutral amino acid ; Hepatic failure ; Amino acid transport into the brain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The accelerated transport of the blood neutral amino acids into the brain in encephalopathic patients with fulminant hepatitis and advanced liver cirrhosis was demonstrated not only by determining the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) aminogram but also by calculating the predicted velocity of the amino acid transport through the blood-brain barrier. Significant elevation in CSF aromatic amino acid (AAA) and methionine levels was observed in the encephalopathic patients. Arousal from hepatic encephalopathy by drip infusion of a branched chain amino acid (BCAA)-enriched solution was obtained coincidentally with the elevated BCAA levels and diminished concentrations of AAA and methionine in CSF. These clinical observations were confirmed experimentally in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) andd-galactosamine by obtaining the elevation of neutral amino acid contents in the brain and the slight increase in the brain uptake index (BUI) of a radiolabeled amino acid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 186 (1986), S. 203-208 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Acute hepatic failure ; Insulin ; Glucagon ; Glucagon-like peptides ; Blood-brain barrier ; Thalamus-hypothalamus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Insulin contents in the thalamus-hypothalamus were significantly increased in acute hepatic failure dogs treated with dimethylnitrosamine. Glucagon immunoreactivity (GI) contents also tended to increase in the same portion of the brain. However, insulin and GI contents in the cerebral cortex and midbrain did not rise. Glucagon-like immunoreactivity (GLI) contents were much higher than GI in all the brain regions tested, but the levels were not significantly altered in hepatic failure dogs. A simultaneous infusion of insulin and glucagon to hepatic failure dogs failed to produce an elevation of insulin, GI and GLI contents even in the thalamus-hypothalamus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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