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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetic study and cardiovascular monitoring of nebivolol in normal and obese subjects (1997)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 51 (1997), S. 493-498 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Nebivolol ; Cardiovascular effects; pharma-cokinetics ; healthy volunteers ; obese subjects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The pharmacokinetics of a single i.v. dose of the new racemic β-adrenoceptor-blocker nebivolol [0.073 mg base · kg–1 ideal body weight (IBW)] was studied in 9 obese (157% IBW) and 9 non-obese healthy volunteers (98% IBW). Each group contained 4 men and 5 women, aged 32 years, including one poor hydroxylator (dextrometorphan test). Methods: The cardiovascular effects of nebivolol are significant decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and cardiac output, which last up to 4–5 h. The plasma concentrations of the separate d- and l- enantiomers of nebivolol, with and without hydroxylated metabolite, were measured by radioimmunoassay and the unchanged racemate by high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The pharmacokinetic parameters for each form were calculated separately. Results: The main pharmacokinetic parameters of unchanged nebivolol in extensive metabolizers were (controls): distribution volume at steady state (Vss) 673 l; volume corrected by real body weight (Vss · kg–1) 11.2 l ·  kg–1; total clearance (CL) 51.6 h–1; and terminal half-life (t1/2) 10.3 h. The Vss (898 l) and CL (71.6 l · h–1) were significantly higher in obese patients. But Vss · kg–1 (9.4 l · kg–1) and t1/2 (10.0 h) were not significantly different from those in controls. The CL was clearly reduced (15–18 l · h–1) and the t1/2 prolonged (32–34 h) in poor hydroxylators, in both control and obese subjects. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the separate unchanged enantiomers were similar to those of the racemate in both groups. The pharmacokinetics of l-nebivolol were more influenced by the hydroxylation phenotype than those of d-nebivolol. The trend of the results for the sum of each enantiomer plus its metabolite, was similar to those for the unchanged form. Conclusion: The distribution of nebivolol in the adipose tissue in obese subjects is limited, despite its high lipophilicity. The differences between obese and non-obese subjects were not clinically relevant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050237
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The pharmacokinetics of d-sotalol and d,l-sotalol in healthy volunteers (1990)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 38 (1990), S. 579-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: d-sotalol ; d,l-sotalol ; pharmacokinetics ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of d-sotalol has been studied in six healthy volunteers given single doses of 0.25, 0.50, 1, 2 mg·kg−1 i.v. and one 100 mg oral dose in comparison with the kinetics of 1 mg·kg−1 i.v. of dlsotalol. There was no significant difference in the disposition of the d-enantiomer and the racemate. The terminal half-life averaged 7.2 h, and the kinetics was linear, with a mean total clearance of 0.13 l·h−1·kg−1. Renal clearance of d-sotalol represented 56 to 77% of total clearance. The absolute systemic availability of oral d-sotalol was close to 100% and the elimination half-life of the oral-d-enantiomer was similar to that of the i.v. form (7.5 h).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00278585
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Etude ultrastructurale de l'épithélium bronchiolaire humain (1971)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 116 (1971), S. 425-442 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Bronchiolar epithelium ; Human-Bioptic material ; Cell types
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'épithélium bronchiolaire humain a été étudié sur 3 biopsies pulmonaires. Quatre types cellulaires principaux peuvent être identifiés. 1. Des cellules ciliées en tous points identiques à celles présentes sur toute la hauteur de l'arbre respiratoire. 2. Des cellules non ciliées, les unes possédant des caractères sécrétoires et correspondant aux cellules de Clara, les autres cubiques, très distales, et apparentées aux pneumocytes granuleux. 3. Des cellules ≪à brosse≫ caractérisées par la présence à leur pôle apical de microvillosités ayant conduit à leur supposer un rôle d'absorption ou de réception sensorielle. En fait, la présence de nombreux corpuscules basaux pourrait les faire interpréter comme des cellules ciliées en voie de différenciation. 4. Des cellules de type chromaffine situées contre la membrane basale et contenant des grains denses entourés d'un halo clair, posant les mêmes problèmes que celles du tube digestif.
    Notes: Summary The human bronchiolar epithelium was studied on three lung biopsies. Four main types of cells were identified: 1. Ciliated cells in every respect identical to those present in the whole respiratory tree. 2. Non-ciliated cells, some with secretory features, corresponding to the Clara cells, the others cuboidal, distally situated, and related to the granular pneumocytes. 3. Brush cells characterized by peculiar apical microvilli. The authors assume that these cells have an absorptive or a sensorial function. Actually the demonstration of numerous basal corpuscles in their apical pole might lead to interprete them as ciliated cells in course of differentiation. 4. Chromaffine-type cells resting on the basement membrane and containing dense granules with a light halo, raising the same questions as the corresponding cells of the digestive tract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00330637
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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