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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 68 (1984), S. 547-554 
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Wheat X rye hybrids ; Translocations ; Introgression ; Tissue culture ; C-banding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The spontaneous occurrence of chromosome breaks, deletions, and translocations in plant tissue cultures is well documented. This study investigated the usefulness of tissue culture as a method of introgressing alien genes into wheat. Wheat X rye hybrids were regenerated from embryo scutellar calli maintained in culture for 222 days. The regenerated seedlings then were treated with colchicine to produce amphidiploids (AABBDDRR). The karyotypes of ten amphidiploids were analyzed by C-banding to determine chromosome structural changes that occurred during tissue culture. Three wheat/rye and one wheat/wheat chromosome translocations, seven deletions, and five amplifications of heterochromatin bands of rye chromosomes were identified. One amphidiploid contained a reciprocal translocation between wheat chromosome 4D and rye chromosome 1R. Non-reciprocal translocations between 2B and 3R, and between an unidentified wheat chromosome and 2R, were found independently in two amphidiploids. An additional plant had a translocation between wheat chromosomes 6B and 5A. All deletions involving rye chromosomes were noted in all 10 amphidiploids. Twelve of the 13 breakpoints in chromosomes involved in translocations and deletions occurred in heterochromatin. Amplification of heterochromatin bands on 2RL and 7RL chromosome arms also was observed in five plants. These results indicate a high degree of chromosome structural change induced by tissue culture. Therefore, tissue culture may be a useful tool in alien gene introgression and manipulation of heterochromatin in triticale improvement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Hessian fly resistance ; Insect antibiosis ; Wheat-rye hybrids ; C-banding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Four wheat-rye lines derived from a cross between hexaploid wheat ‘ND 7532’ and ‘Chaupon’ rye were homogeneous for resistance to biotype L of the Hessian fly,Mayetiola destructor. Because the wheat parent was susceptible and the rye parent was resistant to larval feeding, resistance was derived from rye. Resistance of ‘Chaupon’ and the wheat-rye lines was expressed as larval antibiosis. First-instar larvae died after feeding on plants. Chromosomal analyses using C- and N-banding techniques were performed on plants of each line to identify genomes and structural changes of chromosomes. Results showed that two of the resistant lines were chromosome addition lines carrying either the complete rye chromosome,2R, or only the long arm of2R. The other two resistant lines were identified as being2BS/ 2RL wheat-rye translocation lines. It was concluded, therefore, that the long arm of rye chromosome2R carries a gene or gene complex that conditions antibiosis to Hessian fly larvae and, in the2BS/2RL translocation lines, this rye chromatin is cytologically stable and can be used directly in wheat breeding programs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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