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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Viscosity Measurements on Gaseous Argon, Krypton, and Propane1 (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 21 (2000), S. 301-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: argon ; gas ; krypton ; measurement ; propane ; vibrating-wire viscometer ; viscosity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A new vibrating-wire viscometer was designed to perform quasi-absolute measurements of very high precision on gases. It was applied to determine the viscosity of argon at temperatures of 298.15, 348.15, and 423.15 K and pressures up to 20 MPa, and the viscosity of krypton at 298.15 and 348.15 ,K and pressures up to 16 MPa. Furthermore, several isothermal series of viscosity measurements on gaseous propane were carried out. The subcritical isotherms at 298.15, 323.15, 348.15, and 366.15 K were restricted to 95% of the saturated vapor pressure, the supercritical isotherms at 373.15, 398.15, and 423.15 K to 20 MPa. In general, the measurements are characterized by a reproducibility of ±0.05% and an accuracy of ±0.2%. However, close to the critical point an accuracy of ±3% has to be accepted, mainly due to the uncertainty of the density. In this context the influence of the equation of state used for propane is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006667125801
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Improved Greenspan Acoustic Viscometer (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 21 (2000), S. 983-997 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: acoustic resonator ; argon ; Greenspan viscometer ; helium ; helium-xenon mixture ; methane ; nitrogen ; speed of sound ; viscosity of gases ; xenon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An improved Greenspan acoustic viscometer (double Helmholtz resonator) was used to measure the viscosity of gases at temperatures from 250 to 400 K and at pressures up to 3.4 MPa. The improvements include a vibration damping suspension and the relocation of the fill duct. The fill duct, which is needed to supply gas to the resonator, was connected to the center of the resonator to eliminate acoustic coupling between the resonator and the manifold. In anticipation of handling corrosive gases, all surfaces of the apparatus that are exposed to the test gas are made of metal. The viscometer was tested with argon, helium, xenon, nitrogen, and methane. Isothermal measurements were carried out at 298.15 and 348.15 K and at pressures up to 3.2 MPa. Without calibration, the results differed from published viscosity data by −0.8% to +0.3% (0.47% r.m.s.). These results are significantly better than previous results from Greenspan viscometers. The measurements also yielded the speed of sound, which differed from literature data by +0.16% to +0.20% (0.18% r.m.s.). Adding empirical effective-area and effective-volume corrections to the data analysis decreased the r.m.s. deviations to 0.12% for the viscosity and to 0.006% for the speed of sound. No unusual phenomena were encountered when the viscometer was tested with a helium-xenon mixture between 250 and 375 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1026471901657
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of electron-electron interaction on the electron energy distribution function in molecular plasmas under rf field action (1992)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 12 (1992), S. 71-87 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: Electron-electron interaction in rf plasmas ; CO ; H2 ; Boltzmann equation ; electron energy distribution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Calculations of the electron energy distribution and of relevant macroscopic quantities of collision-dominated, weakly ionized plasmas under rf field action have been performed with increasing degrees of ionization, and the impact of the electron-electron interaction on these quantities was determined. The investigations were performed for the gas plasmas in CO and H2 as representatives of molecular plasmas The energy distribution and macroscopic quantities are obtained by solving the nonstationary Bolizmann equation for a given rf field and degree of ionization taking into accoung and additional Fokker-Planck term besides the collision integrals for the elastic and the main inelastic collision processes. In these molecular plasmas a remarkable impact of the electron-electron interaction connected with increasing Maxwellization is observed for degrees of ionization greater than 10.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01447945
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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