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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (15)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (12)
  • Cat  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A possible role of a nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system in airway hyperreactivity
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Respiration Physiology 50 (1982), S. 187-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0034-5687
    Keywords: Airway hyperreactivity ; Cat ; Electrical stimulation ; Hexamethonium ; Nonadrenergic inhibitory nervous system
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0034-5687(82)90017-2
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Receptive field properties of cells in area 19 of the cat (1987)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 65 (1987), S. 549-558 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Area 19 ; Sinusoidal grating ; End-zone inhibition ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have recorded extracellularly from single cells in area 19 of the cat for the purpose of providing a quantitative description of response characteristics. A prominent feature of this area is a high incidence of cells that are end-stopped. Drifting sinusoidal gratings were used to determine spatial and temporal characteristics of the discharge region. In addition, we have conducted independent tests to characterize end zones of receptive fields. When a grating patch was used to stimulate the discharge region alone, all of the cells showed a band-pass spatial frequency tuning characteristic. The optimal spatial frequency ranged from 0.1 to 1.13 cycles/deg, and the distribution had a peak at 0.4 cycles/deg. The bandwidth at half peak amplitude ranged widely from 0.7 to 3.3 octaves (mean 2.0 octaves). When gratings were also presented to the end zones, responses to stimulation of the central region were suppressed. The surround was phase-insensitive in that the relative phase between the grating in the two regions generally did not affect the strength of the suppression. To determine spatial characteristics of the end-zone inhibition, the spatial frequency of the end-zone grating was changed while that for the central pattern was fixed. All cells showed a bandpass characteristic for end-zone inhibition, but in each case, the tuning width was broader than that for excitation. The mean spatial frequency bandwidth of end-zone inhibition was 2.7 octaves. The peak of the inhibition generally coincided with the peak of the excitatory spatial frequency tuning of the discharge center. Considered together, these results show that neurons in area 19 share common properties with those in areas 17 and 18, but they exhibit phase-insensitve end-zone inhibition more frequently.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00235978
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interlimb coordination in cat locomotion investigated with perturbation (1982)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 46 (1982), S. 438-447 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Deiters' neurons ; Locomotion ; Perturbation ; Cat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of mechanical stimulation (tap) on single unit activity of Deiter's neurons were analysed in walking cats decerebrated at the premammillary level. Deiters' neurons projecting to the ipsilateral cervical, but not to the lumbosacral, spinal cord (C-Deiters' neurons) were identified by antidromic activation, cerebellar stimulation, and localization of the neurons. During each unperturbed cycle of quadrupedal locomotion, most C-Deiters' neurons showed two frequency modulation peaks in their impulse discharges: one (A peak) in the late swing (E1) or the early stance (E2) phase, the other (B peak) in the late stance (E3) or the early swing (F) phase, of the ipsilateral forelimb. The A peak started to rise shortly before the ipsilateral forelimb was placed. When mechanical perturbation was applied during locomotion to the paw dorsum of the left forelimb (LF) in its stance phase, the ongoing LF stance phase shortened and the simultaneous swing phase of the right forelimb (RF) shortened. Accordingly, in the RF, extensor activity in the swing phase to place down the limb occurred earlier than in unperturbed step cycles. The same LF tap induced a marked enhancement of impulse discharges in C-Deiters' neurons on the right side (with a magnitude of 20–100 imp/s, and the shortest latency of 25 ms). This enhancement was more pronounced than that induced when the perturbation was applied to the LF during its swing phase. The latency manifested a close time relation to the RF extensor activity supporting the postulate that the increased C-Deiters' activity in the RF swing phase contributes to the earlier onset of RF extensor activity which plays an important role in maintaining alternating footfalls after perturbation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00238638
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric relaxation in stretched poly(ethylene suberate) (1979)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 180 (1979), S. 527-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1979.021800228
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and morphology of single crystals of linear aliphatic polyesters (1971)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 9 (1971), S. 2043-2060 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: In order to elucidate the relations between morphological habits and chemical structure of polymers, poly(ethylene sebacate), poly(hexamethylene sebacate) and poly(decamethylene 1,16-hexadecanedicarboxylate) were crystallized from dilute solutions in n-hexanol, isoamyl acetate etc., and were studied with the electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction. The crystal structure of these polyesters are tentatively determined. Morphological “regularity” and “simplicity” of the single crystals are correlated with the chemical structure of the polymers. The crystallization conditions under which “regular” and “simple” single crystals are obtained are relaxed with increase of methylene sequence length in chemical repeat unit. The Bragg extinction bands in the single crystals of poly(hexamethylene sebacate) and poly(decamethylene 1,16-hexadecanedicarboxylate) suggest nonplanar nature of these crystals. The molecular chains in the poly(ethylene sebacate) single crystals are inclined from the normal of the basal plane; the fold surface corresponds to the (001) plane.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1971.160091109
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The application of ultrasonic waves to the electrochemical polymerization of thiophene (1992)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 30 (1992), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: ultrasonic waves ; electrochemical polymerization ; polythiophene ; potential ; current density ; Tafel plot ; conductivity ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The electrochemical polymerization of thiophene was carried out both in the presence and absence of ultrasonic waves. Without irradiation, the anode potential increased with increasing current density. Polymerization at high potential gave a low polymer yield and produced macroscopically heterogeneous films. Ultrasonic irradiation resulted in an improvement of polymer yield and in a lowering of the anode potential during polymerization. The effects were especially marked when the polymerizations were carried out at low temperature, low monomer concentration, and high current density. These results are explained by the formation of diffusion layer in the vicinity of the electrode during electrochemical reactions.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1992.090300103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of correction accuracy of several schemes for AES matrix effect correctionsPaper presented at ECASIA 89, Antibes, France, 23-27 October 1989. (1990)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 15 (1990), S. 466-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A matrix effect correction is required to improve the accuracy of quantitative AES analysis. The correction includes terms involving the atomic density (n), electron back-scattering factor (R) and electron escape depth (L). Many schemes have been proposed by various people for corrections of the R and L terms. However, up to now, there have been no systematic investigations of the correction accuracy of the proposed schemes. We have evaluated the correction accuracy, based on measured intensity data for Au—Cu alloys of different compositions. Comparison was made between the observed intensity ratio K (=Iunk/Istd) and the calculated intensity, ratio K′ (= C(nunk/nstd)(Runk/Rstd)(Lunk/Lstd)), where C and I represent the concentration and intensity, respectively. The superscripts ‘unk’ and ‘std’ denote that the parameters are for unknown and standard specimens, here the pure elements. If the correction works well, the error Er (= K′ — K)/(K) will become smaller. Evaluations were carried out on three schemes for the R correction and on seven schemes for the L correction using the Au 239 eV, Au 2024 eV and Cu 920 eV transitions. The root mean square (RMS) of the calculated errors showed several per cent for the best case and 20-30% for the worst case. The RMS error varied a few per cent between schemes for the R correction but it varied ∼30% for the L correction.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740150805
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The reliability of quantitative analysis with AES (1990)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 16 (1990), S. 140-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Japanese VAMAS-SCA working group is composed of 19 institutes. Three kind of Au—Cu alloys (Au 75 at.-%-Cu 25 at.-%, Au 50 at.-%-Cu 50 at.-%, Au 25 at.-%-Cu 75 at.-%) were prepared, and these specimens, pure Au and pure Cu were distributed to the members of the VAMAS-SCA working group. The surface concentrations of these alloys were calculated from the Auger peak amplitudes in two ways. One method used the published relative sensitivity factors, and the other used pure Au and Pure Cu as the standard materials. The mean values of the surface concentrations calculated with the published relative sensitivity factors were almost the same as those calculated with the standard materials. This means that the published relative sensitivity factors are reliable to some extent. The error of the surface concentration calculated with pure Au and pure Cu as the standard materials lay between about 3% and 10%, and that with the relative sensitivity factors lay between about 7% and 20%. The calculated surface concentrations of Au were larger than the bulk concentrations of Au when the matrix effect was neglected.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740160127
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative surface chemical analysis of Au—Cu alloys with aes (1988)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 12 (1988), S. 125-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The Japanese VAMAS-SCA working group is composed of 19 institutes. Three kinds of Au-Cu alloys (Au25 at%-Cu75 at%, Au50 at%-Cu50 at%, Au75 at%-Cu25 at%) were prepared, and these specimens were distributed to the members of Japanese VAMAS-SCA working group and Auger peak amplitude ratios were measured to clarify the correlation factor of different types of spectrometers. The comparison was carried out by using the relative sensitivity factor for Au and Cu. The relative sensitivity factor for lower energy varied from spectrometer to spectrometer, but that for higher energy did not vary so much. Therefore, to carry out the inter-laboratory comparison of the data, the transfer of the data of peak amplitude at higher energy should be recommended.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740120212
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dielectric relaxations in linear aliphatic polyesters (1977)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 15 (1977), S. 605-616 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Molecular motions in a series of linear aliphatic polyesters [poly(ethylene adipate), poly(ethylene sebacate), poly(hexamethylene sebacate), and poly(decamethylene 1,16-hexadecanedicarboxylate)] were studied by dielectric measurements. Two loss maxima were observed for each polymer in the temperature range from -196 to about 60°C and in the frequency range from 110 to 105 Hz. The loss maxima of these polyesters, lying between -17 and -38°C at 110 Hz (β-relaxation), are due to the micro-Brownian motions of amorphous main chains. It was found that these β-relaxations are well described by the WLF equation. The loss maxima in the range from -88 to -109°C at 110 Hz (γ-relaxation), are attributed both to local mode motions of main chains in the amorphous region and to motions of the polar groups involved at the chain ends. For the β-relaxation, no simple relation between the methylene sequence length and the loss peak temperature was found. Furthermore, as the methylene sequence length decreased, the effective dipole moment of the polyesters increased gradually. These facts were explained in terms of interchain dipole attraction.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1977.180150402
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