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  • Engineering  (7)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (4)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (2)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 24 (1987), S. 725-741 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A monomial treatment for solving mixed equality/inequality constrained generalized geometric programs is presented. The method is shown to be equivalent to a Newton-Raphson procedure carried out in log space on the equality constraints at the same time that a cutting plane procedure is performed on a convex region constrained within the feasible region of the inequality constraints. Known limitations of this monomial treatment are outlined and a technique for improving the efficiency of the GGP method is suggested. A discussion of how other methods of solving mixed equality/inequality constrained GGP problems compare to the monomial treatment is presented and two example problems are solved.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 16 (1993), S. 408-422 
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Schlagwort(e): heme ; flavin ; electron transfer proteins ; crystal packing ; molecular modeling ; energy minimization ; electrostatic interactions ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Flavocytochrome b2 and cytochrome c are physiological electron transfer partners in yeast mitochondria. The formation of a stable complex between them has been demonstrated both in solution and in the crystalline state. On the basis of the three-dimensional structures, using molecular modeling and energy minimization, we have generated a hypothetical model for the interaction of these redox partners in the crystal lattice. General criteria such as good charge and surface complementarity, plausible orientation, and separation distance of the prosthetic groups, as well as more specific criteria such as the stoichiometry determined in the crystal, and the involvement of both domains and of more than one subunit of flavocytochrome b2 led us to discriminate between several possible interaction sites. In the hypothetical model we present, four cytochrome c molecules interact with a tetramer of flavocytochrome b2. The b2 and c hemes are coplanar, with an edge-to-edge distance of 14 Å. the contact surface area is ca. 800 Å2. Several electrostatic interactions involving the flavin and the heme domains of flavocytochrome b2 stabilize the binding of cytochrome c. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 25 (1993), S. 393-397 
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Schlagwort(e): Surface charging ; Environmental scanning electron microscopy ; Particles ; Filters ; Air samples ; Conductive coating ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Notizen: This work provides examples of some of the imaging capabilities of environmental scanning electron microscopy applied to easily charged samples relevant to particle analysis. Environmental SEM (also referred to as high pressure or low vacuum SEM) can address uncoated samples that are known to be difficult to image. Most of these specimens are difficult to image by conventional SEM even when coated with a conductive layer. Another area where environmental SEM is particularly applicable is for specimens not compatible with high vacuum, such as volatile specimens. Samples from which images were obtained that otherwise may not have been possible by conventional methods included fly ash particles on an oiled plastic membrane impactor substrate, a one micrometer diameter fiber mounted on the end of a wire, uranium oxide particles embedded in oil-bearing cellulose nitrate, teflon and polycarbonate filter materials with collected air particulate matter, polystryene latex spheres on cellulosic filter paper, polystyrene latex spheres “loosely” sitting on a glass slide, and subsurface tracks in an etched nuclear track-etch detector. Surface charging problems experienced in high vacuum SEMs are virtually eliminated in the low vacuum SEM, extending imaging capabilities to samples previously difficult to use or incompatible with conventional methods. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 18 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 18 (1987), S. 339-348 
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Schlagwort(e): B-1,3-glucanase ; cortical granules ; hyaline layer ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: The ultrastructural localization of B-1,3-glucanase in three species of sea urchin eggs was determined using a monospecific antibody in an electronmicroscopic immunogold procedure. In all three species, Lytechinus variegatus, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, and Arbacia punctulata, B-1,3-glucanase was localized specifically to the cortical granules. No other organelle within the egg contained significant label. During the fertilization reaction, B-1,3-glucanase was released from cortical granules into the perivitelline space and became associated with the hyaline layer. No significant label was found in association with the fertilization envelope.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    BioEssays 10 (1989), S. 16-19 
    ISSN: 0265-9247
    Schlagwort(e): Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Atrial natriuretic peptides appear to elicit their actions in some target tissues by binding to a novel cell-surface transmembrane protein which possesses both peptide binding and guanylate cyclase activities. Ligand binding stimulates enzyme activity to produce increased intracellular concentrations of cyclic GMP which, in turn, mediates the cell's physiological response.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: In the past, most finite element algorithms on data-parallel computers have been limited to structured problem domains. Here, we consider methods to generalize the finite element method on data-parallel architectures to unstructured domains. A nodal assembly algorithm is described which effectively allows for both the generation of the sparse interaction matrix (coefficient matrix) and its solution via a preconditioned conjugate-gradient type routine utilizing several polynomial preconditioners on the Connection Machine 200 (CM-200). Jacobi preconditioning along with Neumann series and least-squares polynomial preconditioners are presented and implemented are presented and implemented. Only the Jacobi preconditioner produces an improvement in the convergence time for the problems examined. Several irregular interprocessor communication protocols available on the CM-200 are investigated in the solution portion of the algorithm, yielding differing performance characteristics. For one such protocol, sustained performance of over two-hundred MFlops/s, is demonstrated for a test problem on a 512 processing element CM-200 in slicewise mode. The results are discussed and conclusions are drawn concerning this finite element algorithm.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 28 (1989), S. 1041-1060 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A decomposition technique for alternative loading conditions in the integrated optimal structural design is developed. The method, called the move coordination, consists of partitioning the large structural optimization problem into a set of smaller coupled subproblems. In each subproblem only one loading condition is considered and the subproblems are solved in a parallel cyclic way. The coupling among the subproblems is accomplished through the introduction of coordinating constraints between each subproblem. These constraints ensure that the final design is the same and feasible for all subproblems. The method developed is illustrated by two examples of member sizing of truss structures using the integrated optimal design formulation and geometric programming. The method presents the advantage of reducing the size of the optimization problem as well as the computer processing time. The method is also suitable for implementation on computers using parallel processing.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 37 (1994), S. 3939-3955 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The monomial method is a numerical method for solving systems of algebraic equations. It is related to Newton's method, but is based on an approximation that is monomial, rather than linear, in form. It has been shown previously that the monomial method has a number of properties not shared by Newton's method that are responsible for enhanced performance. This paper demonstrates that many of the performance characteristics of the monomial method can be explained in terms of asymptotic properties of algebraic systems, and the ability of the monomial method to exploit these properties. The monomial method recasts the algebraic system to have monomial asymptotes in all directions, so that the monomial approximation becomes asymptotically exact. This explains the very rapid movement toward a solution in the first iteration from distant starting points that has been observed with the monomial method. Problem types with ‘good asymptotics’ are found to be solved very effectively by the monomial method. Several specific engineering applications with good asymptotics are identified, and suggestions are made regarding other types of engineering applications that are likely to be handled effectively by the monomial method.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 32 (1991), S. 327-346 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: A large variety of design optimization methods have been proposed in recent years. Comparison of the relative performance of each method is a difficult task, and attempts to do so are often based on a limited number of numerical experiments. Recently, a ‘basins of attraction’ construction has been proposed as a graphical tool for investigating global performance of iterative design optimization methods, and as a basis for comparison of different methods. The phase-space representation presented in this paper is a companion to the basins of attraction construction. Basins of attraction reveal the relationship between starting design and final outcome of the solution process; the phase-space construction reveals that nature of the paths connecting the starting design and final outcome. The two constructions complement one another in summarizing the performance of design optimization processes. Both constructions are demonstrated in this paper, applied to the optimal design of an elastic grillage structure using Newton's method and the stress ratio method.
    Zusätzliches Material: 21 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering 37 (1994), S. 2093-2107 
    ISSN: 0029-5981
    Schlagwort(e): Engineering ; Engineering General
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Mathematik , Technik allgemein
    Notizen: The monomial method solves systems of non-linear algebraic equations by constructing a sequence of approximating monomial (single-term polynomial) systems, much as Newton's method generates a sequence of linear systems to do this. Since the monomial system becomes linear through a logarithmic transformation of variables, the monomial method can be considered to be an alternative linearization scheme. Although the monomial method is closely related to Newton's method, it exhibits many special invariance properties not shared by Newton's method that enhance performance. This paper first briefly reviews the monomial method and its special properties. Two new versions of the algorithm are presented, both of which, are simplified and computationally more efficient to implement in comparison to the original algorithm. The monomial method is also extended to apply to certain non-algebraic systems. Since the monomial method can be interpreted as Newton's method applied to a three-part reformulation of the algebraic system, graphical experiments are presented which investigate the role that each part of the reformulation plays in contributing to the enchanced performance. Finally, instances in which difficulties have arisen using the monomial method are discussed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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