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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Association of the β isoform of protein kinase C with vimentin filaments (1992)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 22 (1992), S. 250-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: cytoskeletal localization ; signal transduction ; intermediate filaments ; rat basophilic leukemia cells ; translocation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms are key mediators in hormone, growth factor, and neurotransmitter triggered pathways of cell activation (Nishizuka: Science 233:305-312, 1986; Nature 334:661-665, 1988). Stimulation of kinase activity by diacylglycerol and calcium often leads to translocation of PKC from the cytosol to a particulate fraction (Kraft and Anderson: Nature 301:621-623, 1983). The β isoform of PKC is translocated and degraded much more rapidly than the β isoform in phorbolester-stimulated rat basophilic leukemia (RBL) cells (Huang et al.: J. Biol. Chem. 264:4238-4243, 1989). We report here immunofluorescence evidence that the distributions of PKC α and β are strikingly different in antigen-activated RBL cells. PKC β associates with perinuclear filaments and filaments that extend from the perinuclear area to the cell periphery whereas PKC β concentrates in regions of the cell periphery. This distribution of PKC β is distinctly different from that of actin filaments and microtubules as determined by phalloidin staining and by anti-tubulin antibody labeling. In contrast, the staining patterns obtained with antibodies to PKC β and to the intermediate filament protein vimentin are almost identical, indicating that PKC β associates with vimentin filaments. These bundles of 100 Å filaments may provide docking sites for interactions of PKC β with its substrates and thus confer specificity to the actions of this isoform. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970220405
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tubulin gene expression during growth and maturation of leaves with different developmental patterns (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 30 (1995), S. 67-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: Nicotiana ; Hordeum ; microtubule ; cell differentiation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Changes in the tubulin-protein and -poly(A)+RNA contents were monitored by means of Western and Northern blot analyses, respectively, during growth and maturation of leaves of a dicotyledonous (tobacco) and monocotyledonous (barley) plant. It was recently argued from immunofluorescence and preliminary biochemical data that the density of microtubular networks and concomitantly the tubulin content are distinctly reduced after cessation of cell growth in leaves [Jung et al., 1993]. The results presented now confirm and extend this view. There appeared to be clear differences between the monocot and the dicot: (1) the loss of tubulin during leaf development was much slower in the dicot than in the monocot leaves (within months instead of days); (2) the degree of loss was more dramatic in the monocot leaf and only very low threshold levels of tubulin were retained in fully differentiated tissues; and (3) the loss of tubulin in the monocot leaf tissue appeared to be correlated with the decrease in the mRNA content, whereas the high level of tubulin-RNA in fully differentiated or even almost senescent dicot leaves indicated a gene expression control at the posttranscriptional level.The comparatively rapid and very distinct tubulin-protein and -RNA disappearance during development of the monocot leaf tissues confirm at the molecular level that differentiation proceeds much faster and is much more determinative in these leaves, as was postulated from histological and physiological data. The differences in the behaviour of the microtubular cytoskeleton perhaps even reflect the differences in the ability of the differentiated leaf cells to dedifferentiate, i.e., to establish new sets of microtubules and to reenter the mitotic cell cycle, e.g., during would response, tumour induction or in vitro culture. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970300108
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Corpus luteum growth and plasma progesterone levels in unilaterally ovariectomized pregnant rats (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 195 (1979), S. 311-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Unilateral ovariectomy (ULO) was carried out on rats at Day 8 of gestation: term is Day 23. The effect on peripheral plasma progesterone levels at Day 16 and on growth and cellular changes in the remaining corpora lutea (CL) at Day 17 was determined by comparison with results from control and sham-operated rats. ULO increased the volume of remaining CL by 18% at Day 17. At Day 16 this effect was only apparent in rats with three or fewer CL remaining. CL hypertrophy was due to an increase in the volume of individual luteal cells and not to cell hyperplasia. Luteal cell nuclear volume also increased as did the number of endothelial cells per corpus luteum. The proportion of the corpus luteum occupied by vascular space did not alter.ULO had little effect on mean plasma progesterone levels at Day 16 (92 ± 7 ng/mltreated; 86 ± 11 ng/ml controls). In rats with three or fewer CL remaining, however, progeserone levels were low (51 ± 7 ng/ml).It was concluded that ULO can enhance the growth of corpora lutea and perhaps increase their rate of progesterone production.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091950206
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological events associated with in vitro aged and fertilized rabbit eggs (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 195 (1979), S. 357-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The morphogenetic events associated with rabbit eggs aged in vitro for 12 to 50 hours prior to mixing with sperm have been examined by light and electron microscopy. After 12 hours in culture, morphological alterations of the meiotic spindle and the cortex of unfertilized eggs were evident. By 24 to 50 hours in culture, unfertilized eggs contained subnuclei, structures which formed when individual and/or groups of meiotic chromosomes dispersed and became invested by a double-laminated structure reminiscent of a nuclear envelope.Although most eggs obtained 11.5 to 12 hours after induced ovulation and in vitro fertilized displayed morphogenetic patterns similar to those described for in vivo fertilized ova, some (10%) contained three pronuclei. Many eggs obtained 13 to 15 hours after induced ovulation and subsequently mixed with sperm in vitro appeared to undergo processes of fertilization typical of in vivo fertilized eggs, however, approximately 30% contained subnuclei in association with the male pronucleus. Few eggs (15%) aged 12 hours prior to in vitro fertilization displayed patterns of pronuclear development and association typical of fertilized unaged ova. Subnuclei developed in many of the fertilized ova. Supernumerary sperm nuclei, which did not develop into male pronuclei, were observed in some zygotes. Cleavage of eggs aged 12 hours prior to fertilization was abnormal or retarded. After 24 hours in culture approximately 16% of the eggs fertilized. Seventy percent of the fertilized eggs failed to Support the development of a male or female pronucleus.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091950209
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative cell changes and vascularisation in the early corpus luteum of the pregnant rat (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 197 (1980), S. 369-374 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Early corpora lutea (CL) of the rat were histologically examined on Day 1, 2, 4, and 6 of gestation. Measurements were taken of total volume and of the number of luteal and endothelial cells in one CL of both ovaries of five rats at each stage examined. CL volume increased over the 6 days from --0.76 to 1.39μl and peripheral plasma progesterone levels from 8.1 to 33.2 ng/ml. The number of luteal cells per CL (range 303,000 to 37,000) did not significantly change, and there was no evidence of mitosis or death amongst these cells. Luteal cell volume increased from 1.74 to 3.49 pl and nuclear volume from 0.25 to 0.38 pl, the former being the major cause of CL growth. The CL appeared to be richly vascularized, even on Day 1, and the number of endothelial cells per CL (range 289,000 to 354,000) remained relatively constant over the period examined.It was concluded that the number of luteal cells per CL is determined prior to or around ovulation in the rat and that subsequent growth of the CL is due to hypertrophy and not hyperplasia.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091970311
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The cellular pattern of corpus luteal growth during pregnancy in the rat (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 193 (1979), S. 823-830 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The cellular pattern of corpus luteal (CL) growth was studied in rats at Days 6, 10, 12, 14, 16, 17 and 22 of pregnancy: term is Day 23. Measurements were taken of the percentage of the CL occupied by luteal cells, connective tissue and vascular space, luteal cell and nuclear volumes, and the number of luteal and endothelial cells in each of three CL in both ovaries of five rats at each stage of pregnancy. Total CL volume increased from 1.08-3.23 μl over Days 10-17. This was mainly due to an increase in luteal cell volume from 3.72 pl to 9.30 pl. Neither the number of luteal cells per CL (range 212,000-287,000) nor the percentage of the CL occupied by luteal cells (range 85-90%) had much influence on growth. Nuclear volume increased roughly in proportion to cytoplasmic volume but near term it decreased despite little change in cytoplasmic volume. The number of endothelial cells per CL increased steadily from 398,000 at Day 6 to 1,545,000 at Day 22. There was a strong negative correlation (r = -0.78) between the number of luteal cells per CL and mean luteal cell volume that was evident at all stages of pregnancy. There was a positive, but weaker correlation (r = 0.35) between number of luteal cells and CL volume. Thus, CL volume seems to be partly determined by the number of luteal cells at Day 6 but this effect is moderated by local control of luteal cell volume.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091930406
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural changes of rat blastocysts induced by estrogen during delayed implantation (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 179 (1974), S. 253-271 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ultrastructural changes of rat blastocysts during delayed implantation were studied 16, 20, 24 or 30 hours after estrogen was given to induce implantation.In the inner cell mass the presence of long cytoplasmic processes penetrating deeply into the neighboring inner cell mass cells is seen at 16 hours. Most cells also show an increased number of ribosomes, polyribosomes and granular endoplasmic reticulum.The trophoblast is featured by the formation of large amounts of glycogen and many inclusion bodies. Glycogen granules appear first in some abembryonic trophoblast cells at 16 hours, and spread to the embryonic pole at 24 hours. New inclusion bodies appear sequentially: multivesicular bodies at 20 hours, multigranular bodies at 24 hours and lamellar bodies at 30 hours. The functions of these inclusion bodies remain to be studied.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091790208
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Early development of the human area postrema and subfornical organ (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 232 (1992), S. 612-619 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The first appearance and early development of two circumventricular organs, the area postrema (AP) and the subfornical organ (SFO), were investigated in human embryos and fetuses from the 4th to the 40th gestational weeks (GW). The AP appears very early in development, during the GW 10; its high vascularization can be seen from GW14, and differentiated neurons are observed from GW 16. The SFO is characterized by a late onset of development. It can first be distinguished at GW 17, but it does not attain cytological differentiation until the last weeks of gestation. It is suggested that the AP has important functions during fetal life, which are related to normal fetal weight and growth; in contrast the SFO, which is connected with drinking behavior and salt/water balance, seems to play a less essential role in early fetal life.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092320416
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular composition of milky spots in the human greater omentum: An immunochemical and ultrastructural study (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 241 (1995), S. 163-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Human greater omentum ; Milky spots ; Macrophages ; Lymphocytes ; Light microscopy ; Electron microscopy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: Milky spots in the greater omentum of some animals are well organized perivascular infiltrated of leucocytes, and are considered to have characteristics of secondary lymphoid tissue. To determine whether milky spots in the human greater omentum can also be regarded as secondary lymphoid tissue, we studied milky spots in an unstimulated state.Methods: Patients were selected on the basis of absence of disease in the peritoneal cavity that might influence the state of the milky spots. Using monoclonel antibodies aganist macrophages, B-lymphocytes and T-lymphocytes, and immunoperoxidase labeling, the number of these cells and their location in milky spots were studied by light microscopy. However, the stromal components of the greater omentum, especially those within the milky spots, were studied by electron microscopy.Results: Milky spots in the human greater omentum are relatively uniform vascularized accumulations of mononuclear cells comprising macrophages (67.9% ± 9.4, mean ± standard deviation), B-cells (10.1% ± 3.4), T-cells (10.2% ± 3.7), and mast cells. However, no special B-cells and T-cell areas could be distinguished. On the ultrastructural level it was demonstrated that macrophages are present in different stages of maturation and can enter or leave the milky spots. Furthermore, no cells characteristic of secondary lymphoid organs, such as interdigitating cells or follicular dendritic cells, were seen.Conclusions: These data indicate that unstimulated milky spots in the human greater omentum are to a great extent just a preformed specific accumulation of primarily macrophages within the stroma of the greater omentum, and therefore, cannot be regarded as true secondary lymphoid tissue. Milky spots could serve as a gateway for, as well as a provider of pertioneal macrophages when the intra-abdominal status so requires.Finally, the data from this study are compard with the data of other studies of human milky spots and those in animals. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092410204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative non-radioactive in situ hybridization of preproenkephalin mRNA with digoxigenin-labeled cRNA probes (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 231 (1991), S. 559-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Non-radioactive detection of mRNA with in situ hybridization histochemistry has emerged as an important new technology for the study of gene expression. Quantitative in situ hybridization studies have generally relied upon counting of autoradiographic grains in the emulsion overlying cells containing hybridized, radioactively labeled probe. However, such high resolution studies require tedious grain counting over individual cells, frequently in addition to weeks of exposure to nuclear emulsion. The present report describes a quantitative, non-radioactive approach to the detection of a specific mRNA in the brain with the advantages of comparatively rapid tissue processing and computerized image analysis. The validity of this approach was tested by measuring the haloperidol-induced increase in the level of preproenkephalin mRNA in striatal sections of the rat brain using an RNA probe labeled with digoxigenin-11-UTP. Detection of probe hybridized to tissue sections was carried out enzymatically following complex formation with an antidigoxigenin-alkaline phosphatase conjugate. Using computerized image analysis, it was found that chronic treatment of rats with haloperidol resulted in a 50 ± 6% increase in striatal neuronal optical density, a value in good agreement with previous studies using low-resolution radioactive methods, showing a 30-80% increase in striatal preproenkephalin mRNA hybridization signal.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092310417
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