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  • Chemical Engineering  (23)
  • adduct formation  (1)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Extraction of butanol isomers bym-cresol (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 17 (1988), S. 1119-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Schlagwort(e): Activity coefficient ; adduct formation ; butanol ; complexation ; m-cresol ; extraction ; hydrogen bonding ; isomers
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Equilibrium distribution ratios were measured for the four butanol isomers between aqueous solutions and solutions of m-cresol in n-octane at various concentrations at 25°C. At any fixed extractant concentration, the order of the distribution ratios among the butanol isomers, from highest to lowest, is n〉i〉s〉t. A comparison of the activity coefficients of the isomers in the aqueous and organic phases, the latter calculated from the measured distribution data, suggests that the dominant isomeric effects reside in the aqueous phase. The mass-action-law interpretation of the distribution data indicates a one-to-one stoichiometry of the butanol:cresol adduct for all of the isomers. The apparent stability of the adduct, with heterogeneous formation constant between 1 and 3 kJ-mol−1, decreases with increasing branching of the butanol.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00662923
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fixed-bed multisolute adsorption characteristics of nonwet adsorbents (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 35 (1989), S. 69-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Certain nonfunctional macroreticular polymeric adsorbents are nonwet by suffciently dilute aqueous solutions and enable separations not achievable with adsorbents in the prewet state. Fixed-bed adsorption data were obtained for a multisolute aqueous solution containing acetic acid, 1,3-butanediol, and succinic acid, with Porapak Q and Amberlite XAD-4 as adsorbents in both the prewet and nonwet states. The prewet breakthrough data agree with a model allowing for axial dispersion and a linear rate law, using independently estimated parameters. Break-through curves for the nonwet case depend strongly upon solute volatility since mass transport within the particles appears to occur by Knudsen diffusion, and is rate limiting. Data for Porapak Q reflect an effective particle diffusivity about ten times lower than for Amberlite XAD-4.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690350107
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gas-liquid mass transfer with a tangentially moving interface: Part I. Theory (1967)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 13 (1967), S. 628-636 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A theoretical investigation has been made of the effect of a moving interface upon gas-liquid mass transfer, where the control of the mass transfer is entirely within the gas phase and where the control is distributed between the two phases. An analytical model is proposed for laminar interphase mass transfer in infinite media. Computer solutions have been obtained for gas-liquid mass transfer in confined phases. A cocurrent moving interface increases mass transfer confficients over what they would be for the same flow rate without interfacial motion.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690130409
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Gas-liquid mass transfer with a tangentially moving interface: Part II. Experimental studies (1967)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 13 (1967), S. 637-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A horizontal, rectangular channel of high aspect ratio has been built for the study of interphase mass transfer in stratified, laminar gas-liquid flow. Cases were examined where the resistance to mass transfer is confined to the gas phase and where the control is distributed between phases. Measurements of the rate of evaporation of ethanol into oxygen and carbon dioxide confirmed that cocurrent interface motion enhances gas phase-controlled mass transfer coefficients substantially. On the other hand countercurrent motion of the interface decreases the coefficient. Agreement with basic convective diffusion theory was found for the evaporation of ethyl ether into helium and carbon dioxide from dilute solutions in ethanol, cases where the mass transfer control is distributed between the phases. Experiments with aqueous solutions were hampered by the accumulation of surfactants at the interface. A diaphragm cell technique was used to measure diffusivities of 0.87 × 10-5 sq.cm./sec. for ethyl ether at high dilution in ethanol and 0.96 × 10-5 sq.cm./sec. for ethyl ether at high dilution in water at 25°C.
    Zusätzliches Material: 11 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690130410
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaporation rates of volatile liquids in a laminar flow system: Part II. Liquid mixtures (1970)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 16 (1970), S. 69-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: An approach has been developed for predicting rates of interphase mass transfer under conditions of high flux and high concentration level. A rectangular channel device has been used to measure rates of evaporation of four solutes, carbon disulfide, n-pentane, cyclopentane, and ethyl ether, from n-tridecane into flowing nitrogen. The evaporation rate of carbon disulfide agreed with the prediction of the interphase theory up to a carbon disulfide mole fraction of 0.30 in the bulk liquid. For the other three systems, a concentration gradient induced, surface tension driven cellular convection served to increase liquid-phase coefficients substantially. A correlation was obtained for the effect of this cellular motion on the liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690160115
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaporation rates of volatile liquids in a laminar flow system: Part I. Pure liquids (1970)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 16 (1970), S. 64-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Normal pentane and isopentane were evaporated into nitrogen in laminar, concurrent flow in a rectangular channel. Composition profiles within the gas phase were measured, and the evaporation rates were compared with theoretical predictions with satisfactory agreement. The interfacial mole fraction of the evaporating species in the gas phase ranged as high as 0.74. A solution is reported for the Leveque problem under high flux conditions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690160114
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Describing chemical engineering systems, William E. Ranz, McGraw-Hill, (1970). 240 + xx pages. $9.95 (1970)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 16 (1970), S. 1117-1118 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690160606
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Letters to the editor (1973)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 19 (1973), S. 1284-1285 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690190644
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Kinetics of ice crystallization in sugar solutions and fruit juices (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 795-803 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: Ice-crystal secondary nucleation kinetics are derived from thermal response experiments carried out with concentrated sugar solutions and fruit juices. Variables studied include the level of supersaturation, power input, sugar concentration, sugar type, and the presence of high-molecular-weight additives. The nucleation rate is indicated to have a low-order dependence upon subcooling (about 1.25 power) for subcoolings in the range 0.25 to 1.00°C. Fruit juices are well modeled by the corresponding synthetic sugar solution. The selection and improvement of processing approaches for freeze concentration of food liquids are discussed in light of the experimental results.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200422
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Systematic synthesis of separation schemes (1972)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 18 (1972), S. 941-948 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: The paper reports efforts to automate the synthesis of separation processes. Heuristic and algorithmic programming are used to select both the sequence and types of processes used for the conversion of complex mixtures into specified products. Improved schemes are evolved using learning techniques. An illustrative example is included.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690180510
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