ZIB

Hits per page

hits 1 - 2 | 2 hits

Sorting

Electronic Resource

Extraction of mixed solutes: I. Separation of formic and hydrochloric acids. II. Separation of acetic and sulfuric acids (1961)

McAteer, P. J. ; Cox, R. W. ; Geankoplis, C. J.

Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell

AIChE Journal 7 (1961), S. 456-462

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

ISSN: 0001-1541

Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: In many complex systems in solvent extraction a second solute is often present or is added to promote extraction of the first solute. Previous studies showed that the electrolyte sulfuric acid can be considered as a salting-out agent for extraction of formic acid from water by methyl isobutyl ketone.In the present work two systems were studied: (I) hydrochloric acid-formic acid-water-methyl isobutyl ketone and (II) sulfuric acid-acetic acid-water-methyl isobutyl ketone. Selectivities of over 200 were found favoring the extraction of formic over hydrochloric acid, and values of over 6,000 favoring the acetic over the sulfuric acid were found. The data for extraction of formic acid were correlated by the Setschenow equation. A similar type of equation was found for extraction of acetic acid in system II.The results indicate that the electrolyte hydrochloric acid can also be considered as a salting-out agent for formic acid. The data show that sulfuric is more effective than hydrochloric acid in salting-out the formic acid. This is in qualitative agreement with experimental data in other systems employing sulfate and chloride electrolytes and with the theoretical equation derived by Debye and McAuley. About 28% less sulfuric acid is needed to salt-out a given amount of acetic acid when compared with salting-out the same amount of formic acid.The changes in activity coefficient of the acetic acid in the aqueous phase with additions of sulfuric acid were measured in system II. These activity coefficient changes could account for only about 39% of the increase in distribution ratio of the acetic acid. A possible explanation for this is that the molecular species of the acetic acid in the organic and aqueous phases changed when sulfuric acid was added to the water phase.

Additional Material: 8 Ill.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690070323

Permalink

Library	Location	Call Number	Volume/Issue/Year	Availability

Others were also interested in ...

Paper (German National Licenses)

Fulltext

Electronic Resource

Azide photoresists for projection photolithography (1974)

Clecak, N. J. ; Cox, R. J. ; Moreau, W. M.

Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Polymer Engineering and Science 14 (1974), S. 491-493

add to mindlist on the mindlist

Details

ISSN: 0032-3888

Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: The spectral sensitivity of bisazide sensitized rubbers has been extended to 5000Å by the addition of p-azidocinnamylidene derivatives of cyclohexanone. The photoresists were suitable for projection exposure at 4050 and 4350 Hg lines. The photospeed of the compositions is enhanced by increasing the unsaturation of the polymer component. Speed increase could also be obtained by exposure of the films at elevated temperatures.

Additional Material: 3 Ill.