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  • 1
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: After implantation a stable bond between the implant and the surrounding tissue is required. Therefore a high cell adhesion of the polymer surface of the implant must be achieved. Depending on the treatment time of a polydimethylsiloxane foil with oxygen plasma, the cell adhesion can be improved. FT-IR spectroscopy and ESCA analysis were used to characterize the surface modification. The cell spreading and cell adhesion increase with increasing hydrophilic character of the polymer surface after plasma treatment. A pronounced correlation was found between the efficiency of DNA and protein content, characterizing cell growth, and the spreading of the cells.Polydimethylsiloxane, Glow-Discharge, Surface Modification, Cell Adhesion, Cell Proliferation.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: 34.80.Kw ; 32.30.Rj
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The x-ray spectra induced by spontaneous capture of free cooling electrons into bare and hydrogenlike heavy ions have been observed. Au78+, Au79+ and U91+ ions were stored in the storage ring ESR at velocities between 60% and 65% of the velocity of light and the x rays were measured in coincidence with stored particles having captured one electron in the electron cooler. The lines observed can be attributed to the direct transition of cooling electrons into theK shell of the projectile and to the characteristicL →K transitions. The latter are mainly induced by capture into higher shells and subsequent cascade transitions. The measurements are compared to detailed calculations within the framework of presently available theories. Although the relative structure of the measured spectra is in fair agreement with the theoretical prediction, the total charge-changing rate in the electron cooler is about a factor of three smaller than expected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 22 (1992), S. 170-174 
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: nocodazole ; carbendazim ; antimicrotubule agents ; thiabendazole ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We report the cloning and sequencing of 18 mutant alleles of the benA, β-tubulin gene of Aspergillus nidulans that confer resistance to the benzimidazole antifungal, antimicrotubule compounds benomyl, carbendazim, nocodazole, and thia-bendazole. In 12 cases, amino acid 6 was changed from histidine to tyrosine or leucine. In four cases, amino acid 198 was changed from glutamic acid to aspartic acid, glutamine, or lysine. In two cases, amino acid 200 was altered from phenylalanine to tyrosine. These data, along with previous data indicating that amino acid 165 is involved in the binding of the R2 group of these compounds [Jung and Oakley, 1990: Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton 17:87-94], suggest that regions of β-tubulin containing amino acids 6, 165, and 198-200 interact to form the binding site of benzimidazole antimicrotubule agents. These results also suggest that the presence of phenylalanine at amino acid 200 contributes to the great sensitivity of many fungi to benzimidazole antimicrotubule agents. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 17 (1990), S. 87-94 
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: benzimidazole ; anti-microtubule agents ; carbendazim ; nocodazole ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We are using molecular genetic techniques to identify sites of interaction β-tubulin with benzimidizole anti-microtubule agents. We have developed a marker-rescue technique for cloning mutant alleles of the benA, β-tubulin gene of Aspergillus nidulans and have used the technique to clone two mutant benA alleles, benA16 and benA19. These are the only A. nidulans alleles known to confer resistance to the benzimidazole antimicrotubule agent thiabendazole and supersensitivity to other benzimidazole antimicrotubule agents including benomyl and its active breakdown product, carbendazim. benA16 has been shown, moreover, to reduce thiabendazole binding to β-tubulin. We have sequenced the two mutant alleles and have found that they carry different nucleotide changes that cause the same single amino acid substitution, valine for alanine at amino acid 165. Since thiabendazole and carbendazim differ at only one side chain, the R2 group, we conclude that the region around amino acid 165 is involved in the binding of the R2 group of benzimidazole antimicrotubule agents to β-tubulin.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 589 (1990), S. 122-128 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Mechanism of the Decomposition of Chromium Indium Sulfide Spinel Solid Solutions - Transmission Electron Microscope Studies (HRTEM)The mechanism of the probably spinodal decomposition of the spinel type solid solutions MCr2-2xIn2xS4 with M = Fe, Co below 850 and 1000°C, respectively, was studied by high resolution transmission electron microscope technique (HRTEM). The decomposition starts by migration of the metal ions in the tetrahedral 8a sites of the spinel structure to the 16c interstitial sites forming lamellar domains of NaCl structure and NaCl superstructure (Zr3S4 or LiVO2 type), respectively.
    Notes: Der Mechanismus der wahrscheinlich spinodalen Entmischung von Spinellmischkristallen des Typs MCr2-2xIn2xS4 (M = Fe, Co) unterhalb 850 bzw. 1000°C wurde mit Hilfe hochauflösender transmissionselektronenmikroskopischer Messungen (HRTEM) untersucht. Die Entmischung erfolgt primär durch Platzwechsel der tetraedrisch koordinierten Metallionen (8a-Lagen der Spinellstruktur) auf oktaedrische 16c-Zwischengitterpositionen unter Ausbildung von lamellaren Domänen mit NaCl-Struktur bzw. NaCl-Überstruktur (Zr3S4- bzw. LiVO2-Typ).
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 566 (1988), S. 55-61 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structure, F.I.R., and Raman Spectra of GaCrSe3The crystal structure of GaCrSe3 oP20 was determined by single crystal X-ray methods (final R = 1.6% for 949 observed reflections, I 〉 2σI). GaCrSe3 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma with Z = 4 (CuTaS3 type) and a = 1011.82(7), b = 373.45(3), and c = 1239.2(1) pm. The structure is built up on rectangular columns in [010] of edge shared GaSe4 tetrahedra and CrSe6 octahedra of the sequence (GaSe4)(CrSe6)2(GaSe4) in [101] and [101], respectively, which are connected via the corners in such a manner that channels in [010] of trigonal prismatic cavities are formed. The single crystals were grown by vapour phase transport method using I2 as transporting agent. The f.i.r. and Raman spectra of GaCrSe3 as well as a group theoretical treatment of the phonon modes are reported. In the ternary system Ga2Se3-Cr2Se3, monoclinic Ga1,3Cr0,7Se3 and hexagonal CrGa1,66Se4 (FeGaS4-type) have been established additionally to the orthorhombic GaCrSe3.
    Notes: Die Kristallstruktur der bisher nicht beschriebenen Verbindung GaCrSe3oP20 wurde anhand von Einkristalldaten bestimmt (R = 1,6% für 949 beobachtete (I 〉 2σI) Reflexe). GaCrSe3 kristallisiert in der orthorhombischen Raumgruppe Pnma mit Z = 4 (CuTaS3-Typ) sowie a = 1011,82(7), b = 373,45(3) und c = 1239,2(1) pm. Der Struktur liegen rechteckige Säulen in [010] aus kantenverknüpften CrSe6-Oktaedern und GaSe4-Tetraedern der Folge (GaSe4)(CrSe6)2(GaSe4) in [101] bzw. [101] zugrunde, die über die Ecken der Oktaeder- und Tetraederbaueinheiten so verknüpft sind, daß in [010] angeordnete Kanäle mit trigonal-prismatischen Lücken gebildet werden. Die Darstellung von Einkristallen des GaCrSe3 erfolgte durch Gasphasen-transport mit Iod. Das FIR- und Ramanspektrum des GaCrSe3 sowie die Schwingungsabzählung der Gitterschwingungen dieses Strukturtyps werden mitgeteilt. Neben dem orthorhombischen GaCrSe3 existieren im System Ga2Se3-Cr2Se3 monoklines Ga1,3Cr0,7Se3 und hexagonales CrGa1,66Se4 (FeGa2S4-Typ).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cation Distribution and Superstructure Ordering in Ternary and Quaternary Sulfide Spinels MIIM2III S4 - Single Crystal Structure DeterminationsThe crystal structures of spinel type MIn2S4 (M = Mn, Co, Ni), MCr2-2xIn2xS4 (M = Mn, Ni), and Cd0.52Co0,48Cr2S4 were reinvestigated by X-ray methods using single crystals grown by vapour phase transport technique. The indium sulfides possess a partially inverse distribution of the metal ions on the tetrahedral (8a) and octahedral sites (16d) of the structure. The degrees of inversion λ are 0.34 (MnIn2S4, a = 1072.0(1) pm, structural parameter u = 0.25726(2)), 0.84 (CoIn2S4, a = 1058.1(1) pm, u = 0.26921(5)) und 0.93 (NiIn2S4 a = 1050.5(1), u = 0.26040(3)). In the case of the chromium indium sulfide solid solutions, the degrees of inversion (and the structural parameters) increase (and decrease) linearly with increase in indium content x. ψ-scans of reflections not allowed in the space group Fd3m do not prove simultaneous diffraction. Refinement of the structure of MnIn2S4 in space group F43m results in a partial superstructure ordering of Mn and In on the tetrahedral sites, 4a Mn0.83In0.17, 4c Mn0.49In0.51. In the case of Cd0.52Co0.48Cr2S4, superstructure ordering is like Cd0.41Co0.59 and Cd0.62Co0.38, respectively.
    Notes: Die Kristallstrukturen der Spinelle MIn2S4 (M = Mn, Co, Ni), MCr2-2xIn2xS4 (M = Mn, Ni) and Cd0,52Co0,48Cr2S4 wurden an durch Gasphasentransport erhaltenen Einkristallen neu bestimmt. Die Indiumsulfide besitzen eine partiell inverse Verteilung der Metallionen auf die Tetraeder(8a)- und Oktaederplätze(16d) der Struktur. Die Inversionsgrade γ betragen 0,34 (MnIn2S4, a = 1072,0(1) pm, Lageparameter u = 0,25726(2)), 0,84 (CoIn2S4 a = 1058,1(l)pm, u = 0,25921(5)) und 0,93 (NiIn2S4, a = 1050,5(1), u = 0,26040(3)). Die Inversionsgrade und Lageparameter der Chromindiumsulfidspinell-Mischkristalle zeigen eine annähernd lineare Abhängigkeit von der Zusammensetzung x. ψ-scans der in der Raumgruppe Fd3m symmetrieverbotenen Reflexe ergaben keinen eindeutigen Nachweis auf Mehrfachreflexion. Eine Verfeinerung der Strukturen des MnIn2S4 und des Cd0,52Co0,48Cr2S4 in der Raumgruppe F43m ergab eine partielle Überstrukturordnung des Mangans und Indiums bzw. Cadmiums und Cobalts auf den Tetraederplätzen der Struktur, 4a-Lage: Mn0,83In0,17, Cd0,41Co0,59 4c: Mn0,49Ino,51, Cd0,52Co0,38.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 554 (1987), S. 87-91 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Crystal Structures of Loellingite FeAs2 and of Pyrite RuTe2The structures of loellingite FeAs2 and pyrite type RuTe2 hitherto only known from powder measurements were redetermined by single crystal X-ray methods. Single crystals of FeAs2 (as large as 6 × 2 × 2 mm) were grown by CVD method with iodine in a temperature gradient of 800°C to 765°C, those of RuTe2 from a Te flux. The refinements of the structural parameters yielded a final R = 3.9% for 511 observed reflections (1 〉 2σI) of FeAs2 and R = 3.8% (3.7%) for 429 (410) reflections (I 〉 3σI) of RuTe2 (two experiments). For RuTe2, there are some intensities (even with I 〉 2σI) due to simultaneous diffraction.
    Notes: Die bisher nur aus Pulverdaten bekannten Strukturen der Verbindungen FeAs2 (Löllingit) und RuTe2 (Pyrit) wurden anhand von Einkristalldaten neu bestimmt. Die Darstellung der FeAs2-Einkristalle (Kantenlänge bis zu 6 mm) erfolgte durch Gasphasentransport mit Iod, die Einkristalle des RuTe2 wurden aus einer Tellurschmelze erhalten. Die Verfeinerung der Strukturparameter konvergierte beim FeAs2 für 511 beobachtete Reflexe (I 〉 2σI) bei R = 3.9% und beim RuTe2 für 429(410) beobachtete Reflexe (I 〉 3σI) bei 3,8% (3,7%) (zwei Kristalle). Einige Reflexe des RuTe2 mit I 〉 2σI sind auf Mehrfachreflexionen zurückzführen.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 571 (1989), S. 157-161 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Single Crystals of the System Zn1-xIn2/3(1-x)Cr2-yInySe4The seleno-spinels with the chemical composition given in the title were prepared as monocrystalline samples by the method of vapor transport with CrCl3 as an agent and by chloride flux, too. The crystal structure and the mechanism of the transport connected with thermodynamic balance calculations is open for discussion.
    Notes: Die Verbindungen der oben genannten Sellenospinelle wurden durch Gasphasentransport mit CrCl3 als Einkristalle sowie in einer Chromchloridschmelze dargestellt. Die Kristallstrukturanalyse wurde durchgeführt. Über den Mechanismus des Transports in Verbindung mit thermodynamischen Berechnungen der Transportgleichgewichte wird diskutiert.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman spectra of single crystals (grown by chemical vapour transport with I2, AlCl3, CrCl3 and InCl3 as transporting agents) and polycrystalline samples of spinel type MCr2S4 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Zn, Cd), MIn2S4 (M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni), MnCr2-2xIn2xS4 and Co1-xCdxCr2S4 were recorded. The main results obtained are (i) large resonance enhancement effects, (ii) breakdown of the translation symmetry in inverse spine (MIn2S4), which results in band broadening and the observation of more bands than group theoretically allowed, e.g. a clustering mode (A1g) at about 250 cm-1, (iii) two-mode behaviour of the breathing modes of the tetrahedral MS4 units (A1g) in both spinel solid solutions and partly inverse ternary spinels and (iv) frequency shifts of the observed bands caused by the tetrahedrally coordinated metal ions due to mass effects (F2g modes) and both bonding (ionic charge, covalency) and repulsion interactions (A1g modes).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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