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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the lysis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria erythrocytes by complement: Dual role of C3b (1982)
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 45 (1982), S. 249-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Complement, C3b ; Hemoglobinuria, paroxysmal ; Anemia, hemolytic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The efficiency of cytolysis by the terminal complement proteins C5b-9 can be markedly enhanced by C3b molecules bound on the target cell membrane (Hammer et al. 1976). This enhancement was shown to be proportional to the number of C3b molecules on the cell membrane. The present experiments have shown that the hemolytic efficiency of the complement membrane attack system is two to five times greater on paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobulinuria erythrocytes (PNHE) than on normal human E. This difference is attribut to a derivative of C3, probably C3b, on PNHE since it was abolished by anti-C3 but not by anti-C2. The efficiency of C5b-9 to lyse PNHE was only partially decreased by C3b inactivator and β 1H, indicating that the C3b on PNHE is not readily inactivated by its regulatory proteins. Furthermore, cells from a single severely affected patient consumed 3-fold more C5b6 than normal human E yet concommitantly measured membrane fluidity was normal. From these observations we conclude that cell-bound C3b on PNHE serves two functions: (a) it increases the hemolytic efficiency of membrane attack components of the complement system; and (b) it provides sites for assembly of the alternative pathway convertases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00320192
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recombinant human secretory phospholipase A2: Purification and characterization of the enzyme for active site studies (1992)
    Chicester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Molecular Recognition 5 (1992), S. 145-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 0952-3499
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A secreted form of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is thought to play an important role in inflammatory diseases. To characterize this enzyme the cDNA encoding a low molecular weight PLA2 was cloned from a human placental cDNA library. The cDNA encoding the human PLA2 was subcloned into an expression vector and subsequently transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. A stable CHO cell clone, secreting ca I mg/L of recombinant PLA2 into the medium, was scaled up in culture to 180L. The recombinant enzyme was purified from the cell supernatant to apparent homogeneity by a novel procedure combining adsorption to poly(vinylidene difluoride) membranes, ion exchange chromatography and size exclusion chromatography. The final recovery of PLA2 activity was 58%. A direct comparison between the purified recombinant human PLA2 and PLA2 purified from human synovial fluid, including molecular weight, antigenicity, ionic dependence, substrate specificity and sensitivity to know PLA2 inhibitors, indicated that the two enzymes exhibit identical biochemical properties. These results show that the recombinant PLA2 can be efficiently expressed and purified in sufficient quantities to characterize the enzyme active site, to aid in the rational development of PLA2 inhibitors as potential anti-inflammatory drugs, and to investigate further the role of PLA2 in inflammatory disease.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmr.300050405
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Macro- and microsegregation of Zn in bridgman-grown CdZnTe (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Advanced Materials for Optics and Electronics 5 (1995), S. 101-108 
    Details
    ISSN: 1057-9257
    Keywords: CdZnTe ; Zn segregation ; Bridgman ; ACRT ; substrates ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Notes: One of the remaining problems in the use of CdZnTe material as substrates in liquid phase epitaxy (LPE) of CdxHg1-xTe (CMT) layers is that of variation in lattice matching, i.e. Zn content, across substrates. This wil become increasingly important in the future as larger focal plane arrays of infrared detectors are required. The basic Bridgman growth process for CdTe/Cd0.96Zn0.04Te has been extended by applying the accelerated crucible rotation technique (ACRT). A marked reduction in axial Zn segregtion is seen in 50 mm diameter ACRT material, but this effect is smaller in the case of 75 mm diameter crystals. Radial variations in Zn content are small in both sizes of crystal, demonstrating the benefits obtained from ACRT stirring. Both macro- and microsegregation effects have been studied in these crystals in an attempt to understand the growth mechanism. Zinc distributions have been assessed by near-infrared transmission, X-ray lattice parameter measurements, atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and Auger electron spectrometry (AES). The last technique was used for the microsegregation studies, while AAS provides the absolute calibration for Zn content. Comparisons with segregation behaviour found in the literature will be given. It will be shown that the low temperature gradient and low growth rate lead to a degree of supercooling in the first-to-freeze region and this leads to significant Zn segregation in both radial and axial directions. As the crystals reach full diameter, the radial variation is decreased, presumably by the action of the ACRT, and axial segregation is also reduced.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/amo.860050206
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast atom bombardment and collisional activation mass spectrometry of retinyl phosphate mannose synthesized by liver membranes (1985)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 12 (1985), S. 221-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Fast atom bombardment (FAB) and collisional activation dissociation (CAD) mass-analysed ion kinetic energy (MIKE) spectra have confirmed the structures of retinyl phosphate (Ret-P), retinyl phosphate mannose (Ret-P-Man) and guanosine 5′-diphospho-D-mannose (GDP-Man). Ret-P-Man was made in vitro while Ret-P and GDP-Man were chemically synthesized. Positive ion FAB mass spectrometry of Ret-P showed an observable short-lived spectrum with a mass ion at m/z 367 [M + H]+, and a major fragment ion at m/z 269 [M+H—H3PO4]+. Negative ion FAB mass spectrometry of Ret-P showed a strong stable spectrum with a parent ion at m/z 365 [M—H]-, a glycerol (G) adduct ion at m/z 457 [M—H+G]- and a dimer ion at m/z 731 [2M—H]-. GDP-Man showed an intense spectrum with parent ion at m/z 604 [M—H]- and cationized species at m/z 626 [M+Na-2H]- and 648 [M+2Na-3H]-. Negative ion FAB mass spectrometry of Ret-P-Man showed a parent ion at m/z 527 [M—H]- and a fragment ion at m/z 259 [C6H12PO9]-. The CAD-MIKE spectra showed structurally significant fragment ions at m/z 442 and 361 for the [M—H]- ion of GDP-Man, and at m/z 509, 406, 364 and 241 for the [M—H]- ion of Ret-P-Man. FAB and CAD-MIKE spectra have been applied successfully to confirm the structure of Ret-P-Man made in vitro from Ret-P and GDP-Man.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200120507
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel poly(n-butyl methacrylate)/titanium oxide alloys produced by te sol-gel process for titanium alkoxides (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 40 (1990), S. 1401-1420 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A method has been developed to cast novel organic/inorganic hybrid films from multicomponent solutions containing titanium alkoxides, poly(n-butyl methacrylate), water, and isopropanol of prescribed compositions. The sol-gel reactions and controlled drying procedure yielded materials of mechanical integrity for which the multistep thermal degradation profile of the organic polymer has been significantly modified. A crystallization exotherm, presumably due to anatase formation, is seen for tetraethyl titanate-derived films beyond the organic degradation temperature. The trend of mechanical tensile parameters with increasing Ti oxide content depicts progressive material strengthening. FT-IR as well as the thermal and mechanical studies of these films suggest a highly unconnected and heterogeneous Ti oxide phase.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070400726
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Movement of neurosecretory product through the anatomical compartments of the neural lobe of the pituitary gland (1975)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 156 (1975), S. 483-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurohypophysis ; Neurosecretion ; Neurophysin ; Neurohypophysia hormones ; Electron microscopy ; Autoradiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Electron-microscope autoradiographs have been prepared from the neural lobes of the pituitary glands of rats which had received intracisternal injections of [35S] cysteine at various times before gland removal. The rate of appearance and disappearance of autoradiographically demonstrable radioactivity in the neural lobe closely paralleled that previously determined, biochemically, for radioactive hormones and neurophysins. Radioactivity was appreciably associated with the undilated parts of neurosecretory axons only during the first few hours after injection of the label. The axonal dilations were subdivided into those in which small vesicles could be seen (“endings”) and those in which no small vesicles could be seen (“swellings”). Radioactivity appeared first in “endings” and then in progressively larger and larger profiles of “swellings”. It appeared that newly arrived granules were found close to the limiting membrane of the nerve swelling and that as time progressed they moved deeper and deeper into the swelling. On the basis of the results, suggestions were made for an anatomical explanation of the readily-releasable pool of hormone which has been demonstrated pharmacologically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225108
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A possible role for placental lysosomes in the formation of villous syncytiotrophoblast (1977)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 178 (1977), S. 411-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Human placenta ; Lysosomes ; Differentiation of cytotrophoblast ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary An ultrastructural and ultrahistochemical study of first trimester human placentae confirms previous reports that the cytotrophoblastic cells show a spectrum of differentiation, that dissolution of the limiting membrane of the cytotrophoblastic cells occurs and that fragments of free membrane can be found in the syncytiotrophoblast. There is an aggregation of primary lysosomes in the region of approximation of the cytotrophoblast to the syncytiotrophoblast, free lysosomal enzymes are found in the space between the two trophoblastic components, secondary lysosomes have been noted in the vicinity of fragmenting cytotrophoblastic cell membrane and the incorporation of a segment of free membrane into a vesicular structure has been noted. It is suggested that placental lysosomes mediate the dissolution of the cytotrophoblastic cell membranes that is a necessary prerequisite for their full differentiation into syncytiotrophoblast and it is further suggested that one of the principal roles of placental lysosomes is in the structural refashioning of the organ that occurs during the first trimester.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00218704
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the reaction of human tissue to proplast (1979)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 13 (1979), S. 121-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The femoral stems of Thompson prostheses coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene/carbon fiber composite (proplast) were studied using conventional histological examination, scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis in “successful” firm implants and in a “loose” clinically unsuccessful implant. Ingrowth was found throughout the coatings of the successful prostheses. In the most firmly fixed prosthesis the ingrowth consisted of fibrous tissue with abundant giant cells; however, no bone ingrowth was detected. There was less composite pore infilling in the unsuccessful implant. From both clinical, radiological and the studies described above, it is concluded that fibrous tissue ingrowth was a secondary stabilizing phenomenon in the proplast-coated prostheses studied.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820130113
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel hollow-fiber reactor with reversible immobilization of lactase (1988)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 34 (1988), S. 293-304 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental and theoretical studies on a backflush hollow-fiber enzymatic reactor (HFER) were conducted in this work for a lactose/lactase system. An A. niger lactase was chosen, from the four lactases tested, for reversible immobilization in the sponge layers of the fibers. An enzyme loading procedure was developed that allowed reliable and reproducible operation of the hollow-fiber reactor and produced industrially significant conversions without apparent change in the activity or stability of the lactase used. This reversible immobilization scheme also permitted easy replacement of the enzyme used. The performance of the backflush HFER was investigated and a large number of data concerning its operation were obtained and interpreted. Momentum and mass transports in such a HFER were analyzed, and mathematical models that took the experimental findings into consideration were also developed and solved analytically and/or numerically. Predictions from the computer model developed in this work were found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental data collected, suggesting the possibility of a priori design of a process-scale backflush HFER. With minor modifications, the models developed are expected to be applicable to hollow-fiber reactors with a wide selection of immobilized cells, organelles, and other enzymes.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690340213
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photon correlation spectroscopy of hemoglobin: Diffusion of Oxy-HbA and Oxy-HbS (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 17 (1978), S. 1581-1593 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Translation diffusion coefficients have been measured for oxyhemoglobin A and oxyhemoglobin S over the concentration range 0.1-37 g/dl by means of photon correlation spectroscopy. The solutions were 0.1 M in KCl and in each case the pH was adjusted to the isoelectric point of the hemoglobin species present. No significant differences were found between the HbA and HbS results; and after correction to water at 20°C, the diffusion coefficients could be described by the equation \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ D{\rm } = {\rm }D_0 \left[{1{\rm } - {\rm }\left({{\rm 0}{\rm .0067} \pm {\rm 0}{\rm .0007}} \right)c} \right] $$\end{document} where Do = (6.93 ± 0.06) × 10-7 cm2/sec and c ids the concentration in units of g/dl. No evidence was found for the aggregation of oxy-HbS at high concentrations which was reported by Lindstrom et. al. [(1976) Biophys. J. 16, 679-689].
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1978.360170615
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