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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Unilateral pudendal neuropathy (1996)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 39 (1996), S. 249-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Pudendal neuropathy ; Pelvic floor ; Fecal incontinence ; Computerized anal manometry ; Pudendal nerve terminal motor latency
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract PURPOSE: Obstetric trauma and excessive defecatory straining with perineal descent may lead to pudendal neuropathy with bilateral increase in pudendal nerve terminal motor latencies (PNTML). We have frequently observed unilateral prolongation of PNTML. Diagnostic and therapeutic implications of unilateral pudendal neuropathy are discussed. METHODS: Records of 174 patients referred to pelvic floor laboratory for anorectal manometry and PNTML testing were reviewed. Computerized anal manometry was performed using dynamic pressure analysis, and PNTML was determined using a pudendal (St. Mark's) electrode. RESULTS: No response was elicited from pudendal nerves to electric stimulation from both sides in 14 patients (8 percent) and from one side in 24 patients (13.8 percent). Bilateral PNTML determination was possible in only 136 patients (78 percent), of whom 83 patients (61 percent) had no evidence of neuropathy, revealing normal PNTML on both sides. Of 53 patients (39 percent) with delayed conduction in pudendal nerves, in 15 patients (28 percent), PNTML was abnormally prolonged on both sides, with an abnormal mean value for PNTML. In the remaining 38 patients (72 percent), PNTML was abnormal on one side: in 27 patients with an abnormal mean PNTML and in 11 patients with a normal mean PNTML. CONCLUSIONS: A significant number of patients with pelvic floor disorders have only unilateral pudendal neuropathy. Patients with unilaterally prolonged PNTML should be considered to have pudendal neuropathy, despite normal value for mean PNTML. This fact may be relevant in planning surgical treatment and in predicting prognosis of patients with sphincter injuries.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02049459
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Unilateral pudendal neuropathy (1996)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 39 (1996), S. 686-689 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Unilateral pudendal neuropathy ; Anal manometry ; Fecal incontinence
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract PURPOSE: Our purpose was to study the effect of unilateral pudendal neuropathy on the results of anal sphincter repair. METHOD: Fifteen female patients who underwent external sphincter repair for fecal incontinence were studied. In all instances, incontinence was the result of obstetric delivery injury. Anal manometry and neurophysiologic investigations to document sphincter defects and pudendal neuropathy were performed in all patients. Sphincter repair was performed using an overlapping suture technique. RESULTS: All patients had anterior sphincter defects. Seven patients (47 percent) had pudendal neuropathy: six (85 percent) had unilateral neuropathy, and one (15 percent) had bilateral neuropathy. Six patients (40 percent) had excellent results; three (20 percent) had good results; four (27 percent) were improved; two (13 percent) experienced no improvement after sphincter repair. All patients with excellent results had normal pudendal nerve terminal motor latency on both sides. Of the three patients with good results, one patient had unilateral pudendal neuropathy. The patients in the remaining two groups (improved and failed) had unilateral (six patients) or bilateral (one patient) pudendal neuropathy. CONCLUSION: We conclude that both pudendal nerves must be intact to achieve normal continence after sphincter repair. Patients with unilateral pudendal neuropathy are more likely to have poor than to have good postoperative function.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02056951
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Can manometric parameters predict response to biofeedback therapy in fecal incontinence? (1995)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 38 (1995), S. 1021-1025 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Biofeedback therapy ; Fecal incontinence ; Obstetric trauma ; Anal canal ; High-pressure zone ; Cross-sectional asymmetry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02133972
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Distal rectoanal excitatory reflex: A reliable index of pudendal neuropathy? (1995)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 38 (1995), S. 916-920 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Pudendal neuropathy ; Fecal incontinence ; Manometry ; Rectoanal excitatory reflex ; Pudendal nerve terminal motor latency ; Electromyography
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract PURPOSE: Denervation of the extrinsic anal sphincter and pudendal neuropathy are confirmed by electrophysiologic or electromyographic testing, techniques that may not be available universally and require special equipment and training. A simple manometric test that is easy to perform and complements existing studies was performed to confirm pudendal neuropathy. METHODS: Fourteen patients with excessive defecatory straining and 30 patients with idiopathic fecal incontinence were studied by electrophysiology and balloon reflex manometry. Pudendal nerve terminal motor latency (PNTML) and rectoanal excitatory reflex were evaluated for abnormalities. Results were compared with 20 controls who had no anorectal complaints and who had similar testing performed. RESULTS: In controls, PNTML was normal in all but one person. Rectoanal excitatory reflex could be elicited in all controls with either 20 or 40 ml of air. Four different types of balloon reflex responses were observed in patient groups: diminutive excitation, delayed excitation, excitation at high volume of distention only, and absent excitation. Ten patients with fecal incontinence had normal PNTML but abnormal distal excitatory reflex, 5 patients had abnormal PNTML but normal distal excitatory reflex, and 15 patients had both PNTML and excitatory reflex that were abnormal. In patients with excessive defecatory straining, results of both tests were abnormal in six patients, and eight patients had abnormal excitatory reflex but normal PNTML. CONCLUSION: Pudendal neuropathy may result in abnormalities of excitatory reflex morphology or other characteristics. Abnormal distal excitatory reflex may complement electrophysiologic findings or may serve as a suitable alternative to confirm pudendal neuropathy in centers where facilities for formal testing are not available.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02049725
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biofeedback training is useful in fecal incontinence but disappointing in constipation (1994)
    Springer
    Diseases of the colon & rectum 37 (1994), S. 1271-1276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-0358
    Schlagwort(e): Biofeedback ; Fecal incontinence ; Nonrelaxing puborectalis ; Constipation ; Manometry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract BACKGROUND: Successful biofeedback therapy has been reported in the treatment of fecal incontinence and constipation. It is uncertain which groups of incontinent patients benefit from biofeedback, and our impression has been that biofeedback is more successful for incontinence than for constipation. PURPOSE: This study was designed to review the results of biofeedback therapy at the Lahey Clinic. METHODS: Biofeedback was performed using an eightchannel, water-perfused manometry system. Patients saw anal canal pressures as a color bar graph on a computer screen. Assessment after biofeedback was by manometry and by telephone interview with an independent researcher. RESULTS: Fifteen patients (13 women and 2 men) with incontinence underwent a mean of three (range, 1–7) biofeedback sessions. The cause was obstetric (four patients), postsurgical (five patients), and idiopathic (six patients). Complete resolution of symptoms was reported in four patients, considerable improvement in four patients, and some improvement in three patients. Manometry showed a mean increase of 15.3 (range, −3–30) mmHg in resting pressure and 35.7 (range, 13–57) mmHg in squeezing pressure after biofeedback. A successful outcome could not be predicted on the basis of cause, severity of incontinence, or initial manometry. Twelve patients (10 women and 2 men) with constipation underwent a mean of three (range, 1–14) biofeedback sessions. Each had manometric evidence of paradoxic nonrelaxing external sphincter or puborectalis muscle confirmed by defography or electromyography. All patients could be taught to relax their sphincter in response to bearing down. Despite this, only one patient reported resolution of symptoms, three patients had reduced straining, and three patients had some gain in insight. CONCLUSIONS: Biofeedback helped 73 percent of patients with fecal incontinence, and its use should be considered regardless of the cause or severity of incontinence or of results on initial manometry. In contrast, biofeedback directed at correcting paradoxic external sphincter contraction has been disappointing.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02257795
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Laser-Raman spectroscopy of biomolecules. XI. Conformational study of poly(L-valine) and copolymers of L-valine and L-alanineBased on part of the Ph.D. thesis of C. S. Liu, department of chemistry, massachusetts institute of technology, august 1975. (1978)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 17 (1978), S. 125-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Raman spectroscopic studies have been carried out on polymers of L-valine ranging in degree of polymerization (DP) from 2 to 930. The spectrum of the hexapeptide (DP = 6) is closely similar over the entire range 40-1750 cm-1 to those of polymers with much higher DP, and the structure is clearly shown to be that of the antiparallel pleated sheet (β-structure) by the amide I and III frequencies. The formation of a little α-helical structure occurs in polymers with DP above 500, although the amount does not appear to be a linear function of DP. The α-helical structure is unstable and readily destroyed in samples cast from trifluoroacetic acid solution. It is stabilized by the incorporation of L-alanine, a strong helix-former; polymers of the latter may in turn be forced into a α-structure in copolymers sufficiently rich in L-valine.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1978.360170110
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    ESR measurements during γ-radiation induced solid-state polymerization of 1,3,5-trithianeThis work was supported by the National Science Foundation. (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 835-843 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Während der durch γ-Strahlen ausgelösten Festkörperpolymerisation von 1,3,5-Trithian zu Polythiomethylen wurden ESR Spektren aufgenommen. Die Reaktion wurde bei mehreren Temperaturen, jeweils unter Luft und N2, durchgeführt. Während die ursprüngliche Kinetik in beiden Fällen zweiter Ordnung ist, wird bei den höchsten Temperaturen unter Luft eine niedrigere Ordnung beobachtet. Massenspektrographische Ergebnisse zeigen spontane Zersetzung unter diesen Hochtemperaturverhältnissen. Es wird geschlossen, daß der beobachtete Peak bei Auftragung der Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit gegen die Temperatur auf den Beginn des spontanen Kettenabbruchs zurückzuführen ist.
    Notizen: The time-dependences of ESR spectra were measured during the γ-radiation induced solid-state polymerization of 1,3,5-trithiane to polythiomethylene. The reaction was carried out at several temperatures, both under air and under N2. The initial reaction kinetics are second order, but become of lower order at the highest temperatures under air. Mass spectrographic results indicate spontaneous degradation under these high temperature conditions. It is concluded that an observed peak in reaction rate with temperature derives from the onset of spontaneous chain termination.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1976.021770321
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Synthesis and characterization of poly(dimethylsiloxane) based liquid crystals (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 187 (1986), S. 2909-2931 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: A novel set of low molecular weight copolymers have been synthesized which were based on the attachment of mesogenic groups to the terminal points of oligomer backbones. The placement of the groups at the end of the chains apparently allowed a second phase to form more easily than if the groups were attached along the backbone as pendant groups. The nature of the coupler or spacer was determined to influence whether the end groups crystallized or formed liquid crystallinity. The observation of liquid crystallinity was found to depend primarily on the relative concentration of mesogen to backbone molecular weight. Depending upon the specific coupler, there existed two critical values of molecular weight between which mesophase behavior was observed. Below a certain value, the end groups were found to crystallize. Above another critical value, there was no measureable second phase. Liquid crystallinity was only observed when the molecular weight was intermediate between the two critical values.
    Zusätzliches Material: 9 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1986.021871217
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Refined structures of Bobwhite quail lysozyme uncomplexed and complexed with the HyHEL-5 Fab fragment (1996)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 26 (1996), S. 55-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Schlagwort(e): avian lysozyme ; anti-protein Fab ; antibody-antigen complex ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The HyHEL-5 antibody has more than a thousandfold lower affinity for bobwhite quail lysozyme (BWQL) than for hen egg-white lysozyme (HEL). Four sequence differences exist between BWQL and HEL, of which only one is involved in the interface with the Fab. The structure of bobwhite quail lysozyme has been determined in the uncomplexed state in two different crystal forms and in the complexed state with HyHEL-5, an anti-hen egg-white lysozyme Fab. Similar backbone conformations are observed in the three molecules of the two crystal forms of uncomplexed BWQL, although they show considerable variability in side-chain conformation. A relatively mobile segment in uncomplexed BWQL is observed to be part of the HyHEL-5 epitope. No major backbone conformational differences are observed in the lysozyme upon complex formation, but side-chain conformational differences are seen in surface residues that are involved in the interface with the antibody. The hydrogen bonding in the interface between BWQL and HyHEL-5 is similar to that in previously determined lysozyme-HyHEL-5 complexes. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic data of a neutrophil migration-inducing lectin (KM+) extracted from the seed of Artocarpus integrifolia (1997)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 27 (1997), S. 157-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Schlagwort(e): crystallization ; lectin ; plant lectin ; neutrophil migration ; erythrocyte agglutination ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: The tetrameric KM+ lectin from the seeds of Artocarpus integrifolia has, when compared to other plant lectins, the singular property of directly inducing neutrophil migration into the peritoneal cavity or into the air pouch of rats. This protein crystals have been grown and they belong to the orthorhombic system with space group C2221. The unit cell parameters are a = 54.4 Å, b = 127.9 Å and c = 99.8 Å. A native diffraction dataset to 2.8 Å was collected and an analysis of the self-rotation function has shown the presence of only one independent non-crystallographic 2-fold axis orthogonal to the crystal b-axis, compatible with a dimer in the asymmetric unit. Proteins 27:157-159 © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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