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  • Chemistry  (202)
  • Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling  (5)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (5)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 111 (1978), S. 1578-1590 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Über die konformative Präferenz in substituierten Cyclopentadienyl- und Heterocyclopentadienyl-KomplexenMO-Berechnungen ergeben erhebliche Barrieren für die internen Rotationen in Thiadiborolen-Fe(CO)3- und Diazaborolen-Cr(CO)3-Komplexen. Die Gleichgewichtsgeometrien der zwei Moleküle sollten verschieden sein. Eine MO-Fragmentanalyse erklärt diese Ergebnisse und führt darüberhinaus zu einer ganz allgemeinen Analyse der Rotationsbarrieren in Heterocyclopentadienyl- und substituierten Cyclopentadienyl-ML3- und -ML2-Komplexen. Für letztere wird ein gleitender Übergang von η5- nach η2-Koordination vorhergesagt.
    Notizen: Molecular orbital calculations indicate substantial barriers to internal rotation in thiadiborolene-Fe(CO)3 and diazaborolene-Cr(CO)3 complexes. The equilibrium geometry of the two molecules should also differ. A fragment analysis explains these results and leads to a general analysis of rotational barriers in heterocyclopentadienyl and substituted cyclopentadienyl-ML3 and -ML2 complexes. In the latter an interesting “slipping” from η5 toward η2 coordination is predicted.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 111 (1978), S. 1591-1602 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Cycloheptatrien- und Fulven-Cr(CO)3-KomplexeIm Tricarbonylchrom(0)-Komplex von 1,6-Methano[10]annulen und in einigen verwandten Komplexen nimmt die Cr(CO)3-Einheit verglichen mit allen anderen Hexatrien-Cr(CO)3-Systemen eine anomale Orientierung relativ zum Polyen ein. Eine theoretische Analyse dieses Problems zeigt, daß diese Vorzugskonformation eng mit der Cycloheptatrien-Norcaradien-Valenztautomerie zusammenhängt. Mögliche Wege, die Rotationsbarriere in derartigen Komplexen zu beeinflussen, werden aufgezeigt. Vorzugskonformation, Rotationsbarriere und Abknicken der exocyclischen Methylengruppe in Tricarbonyl(η6-fulven)chrom(0) werden diskutiert und die Analyse wird auf die analogen Benzyl-Cr(CO)3- und Cyclobutadiencarbinyl-Fe(CO)3-Kationen ausgedehnt. Die Konformation dieser Komplexe wird solchen gegenübergestellt, die zwei Elektronen mehr enthalten.
    Notizen: 1,6-Methano[10]annulene-Cr(CO)3 and several related complexes adopt an anomalous orientation of the Cr(CO)3 unit with respect to the polyene, compared to all other hexatriene-Cr(CO)3 complexes. A theoretical analysis of this problem shows that these conformational preferences are closely related to the cycloheptatriene-norcaradiene valence tautomerism. Several strategies for influencing the barrier to internal rotation in these complexes are presented. An analysis of the conformational preference, rotational barrier, and bending of the exocyclic methylene group in fulvene-Cr(CO)3 is also discussed. This is extended to the analogous benzyl-Cr(CO)3 and cyclobutadiene-carbinyl-Fe(CO)3 cations. Finally, the orientations of these complexes are contrasted to those containing two more electrons.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The potentiometric study of the complexation of Cu2+ with 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (1), 1,4,8-triazacyclodecane (2) 1,5,9-triazacyclododecane (3) has shown that CuL, CuL2 and (CuLOH)2 are the main species present in solution. Their stabilities (Table 1) and their absorption spectra (Table 2) indicate facial coordination of the cyclic triamines in a distorted octahedral geometry.The formation and dissociation kinetics have been measured by stopped-flow techniques. The formation in acetate buffer can be described by the reaction of Cu2+ and CuAcO+ with the monoprotonated species of the ligand. The bimolecular rate constants for these complexations (Table 3) decrease when the ring size increases. In contrast the dissociation induced by acid is only little affected by the ring size. Thus for these complexes the rate of formation and not that of the dissociation determines the overall stability.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: In the presence of Ni2+ the template reaction between 2,6-diacetylpyridine and 4-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)- or 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1, 7-diamino-4-azaheptane yields the complexes of either the open-chain ligand (3 and 11) or of the macrocycle (4 and 12). Reduction of the imino group in 4 and 12 with PtO2/H2 gives 5 and 13, respectively. In the case of the dimethylamino derivative 5 a mixture of at least four isomers was obtained. These were partially separated by chromatography on Sephadex SP-25 cation exchanger. Through demetalation of the Ni2+ complexes by cyanide the new macrocycles 7 and 14 were isolated, from which the corresponding Zn2+ and Cu2+ complexes were prepared.The macrocyclic Ni2+-complexes 4, 12, 5 and 13 can exist in two forms depending on the pH of the solution. At low pH protonation of the dimethylamino or hydroxy group in the side chain occurs. The metal ion is then bound to the four nitrogen atoms of the macrocycle in a square planar ligand field. At higher pH, however, the dimethylamino or hydroxy group (the last one also in its deprotonated form) can coordinate to one of the axial positions, whereby pseudooctahedral coordination geometry is induced. This reaction can be quantitatively described by a reversible acid-base equilibrium, the pKH of which greatly depends on the nature of the functional group, the degree of unsaturation of the macrocycle and the metal ion.The acid-base reaction and the concomitant structural change are a direct consequence of the unique combination of the rigid and kinetically stable structure of the macrocycle and of the flexible and kinetically labile functional group of the side chain.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The interaction of solvents and of unidentate ligands such as N3-, SCN-, OCN- and OH- with the Co2+-, Ni2+ and Cu2+-complexes of 1,4,8,11-tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (TMC) have been studied by Spectrophotometric and calorimetric techniques. The spectra in different solvents (Table 2) show that the Ni2+- and probably also the Cu2+-complex with TMC exist as square planar or pentacoordinate species or as a mixture of both, depending on the donor properties of the solvent. The [Co(TMC)]2+-complex is pentacoordinate in all the solvents studied.Ternary complexes [M(TMC)X]n+ are also formed by the unidentate ligands X = N3-, OCN-, OH-, F- and NH3 and their stability constants have been determined. Interesting is the high selectivity of [Ni(TMC)]2+ towards the addition of a further donor (Table 3). Only small ligands such as those listed above form stable adducts, whereas the larger ones such as imidazole or pyridine do not. This is a consequence of the special structure of the complex and of the trans-I-(RSRS)- conformation of the ligand in these complexes. Since the four methyl groups are all on the side of the macrocycle to which the additional unidentate ligand binds, steric interaction between the four methyl groups and the larger ligands prevents the formation of the adducts.The calorimetric measurements show that the stability of the complexes [M(TMC)X]n+ is due to both an enthalpic and entropic contribution which differ in their magnitude (Table 4). This indicates that several antagonistic factors are important in determining the overall stability.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: With a modification of the cyclization procedure of Richman & Atkins [8] the two macrocycles 1,4,7-tritosyl-11-benzyl-1,4,7,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (8) and 1,7,11-tritosyl-4-trityl-1,4,7,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (15) were prepared. After selective cleavage of the benzyl and trityl group, respectively, one obtains the two key products 1,4,7-tritosyl-11-benzyl-1,4,7,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (9) and 1,7,11-tritosyl-4-trityl-1,4,7,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (16) which have three N-atoms protected by tosyl groups and one accessible for further reactions.To test some of the possibilities we have alkylated 9 and 16 with iodoacetamide, 1-tosyl-aziridine and acrylonitrile. After detosylation with HBr in glacial acetic acid in the presence of phenol mono-N-functionalized tetraazamacrocycles were thus obtained. The advantage of this synthesis is that the cyclization which is the most difficult step of the whole procedure, has to be done only once, regardless of the nature of the pendant arm. In addition a large number of derivatives can be prepared by varying the alkylation component.With Ni2+, Cu2+ and Zn2+ metal complexes of these new ligands were prepared and their IR. and VIS. spectra studied. In the case of the carbamoyl derivatives 12, 14 and 18 the Cu2+-complexes exist in two forms. Whereas at low pH the carboxamide group of the pendant arm is probably not bound to the metal ion, at high pH after deprotonation it coordinates in one of the axial positions.
    Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The kinetics of the reaction (1) between 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (Cy) and a series of Cu(II) complexes CuL (L) = glycolate, malonate, succinate, picolinate, glycinate, iminodiacetate, nitrilotriacetate, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetate, ethyienediamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, diethylenetriamine and N,N-bis(3-aminopropylamine) were studied spectrophotometrically at 25° and I = 0.5 (KNO3). From the analysis of the log kobs/log [L] profiles obtained at different pH values the resolved bimolecular rate constants kCyHnCuLm (Table 3) were obtained by a nonlinear curve-fitting procedure. For nearly all systems studied, the rate constant kCyHCuL, describing the reaction between the 1:1 complex CuL and the monoprotonated form of the macrocycle CyH, was obtained. The nonlinear relationship between log kCyHCuL and log KCuL and its nature is discussed. It is shown that the inverse relationship between reactivity and stability described by others is only a special case of the more general Eqn. 3 described here.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 69 (1986), S. 1216-1223 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The complexation properties of the open-chain N2S2 ligands 1-4 are described and compared to those of analogous N2S2 macrocycles 5-7. With Cu2+, the open-chain ligands give complexes with the stoichiometry CuL2+ and CuLOH+, the stabilities and absorption spectra of which have been determined. The ligand field exerted by these ligands is relatively constant and independent of the length of the chain. With Cu+, the species CuLH23+, CuLH2+, and CuL+ were identified and their stabilities measured. The redox potentials calculated from the equilibrium constants and measured by cyclic voltammetry agree and lie between 250 and 280 mV against SHE. The comparison between open-chain and cyclic ligands shows that (1) a macrocyclic effect is found for Cu2+ but not for Cu+, (2) the ligand-field strength is very different for the two types of ligands, and (3) the redox potentials span a larger interval for the macrocyclic than for the open-chain complexes.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The two tetraazamacrocycle-N,N′,N″,N‴-tetraacetic acids H4dota and H4teta form with Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ (M2+) mononuclear complexes MLH2 and M′[ML], M′ being an alkaline earth ion. The structures of Ni(H2dota) and Cu(H2dota) have been solved by X-ray structure analysis. The metal ions are in a distorted octahedral geometry coordinated by four amino N-atoms and two carboxylates. In the case of Cu2+, the distortions are more pronounced than for Ni2+ indicating that the Jahn-Teller effect is operating. Starting from these two structures, the coordination geometry of the other complexes is discussed using VIS and IR spectra.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 69 (1986), S. 2074-2080 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The three ligands H4dota, H4teta, and H4heta give binuclear complexes with Cu2+ and Ni2+, the spectral properties of which have been studied. The structures of Cu2(dota)·5H2O and Cu2(teta)·6H2O have been established by X-ray diffraction analysis.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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