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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relationship between the utilisation profile of individual joints and their susceptibility to primary osteoarthritis (1989)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 18 (1989), S. 199-205 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Osteoarthritis ; Joint utilisation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two subjects were studied for 1 to 3 weeks during the course of their normal domestic activities. Utilisation profiles were derived for ten joints, using a systematic time-series sampling technique adapted from behavioural biology. At each joint the proportion of the available range utilised was noted. The results were compared with the known regional prevalence of primary osteoarthritis. There was a correlation between the degree to which a joint was incompletely utilised, and its susceptibility to osteoarthritis. The hypothesis is advanced that primary osteoarthritis may be due to incomplete joint utilisation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00360971
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Osteoarthritis: a review of old myths and current concepts (1990)
    Springer
    Skeletal radiology 19 (1990), S. 327-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2161
    Keywords: Osteoarthritis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Radiology is dependent on an accurate understanding of the pathological process. This review of primary osteoarthritis identifies eight areas in which widely held concepts are either demonstrably false or fall short of proof. In some, the concepts have been disproved by the gradual accumulation of evidence. In others, the error is due to radiological misinterpretation while in a third group, the evidence is not in dispute, but the logical framework used in its assessment is flawed. Awareness of these deficiencies simplifies radiological interpretation and clarifies research objectives.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193085
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local properties of an Ising model on a Cayley tree (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 27 (1982), S. 441-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Ising model ; Cayley tree ; phase transition ; iteration ; fixed point ; bifurcation ; ferromagnetic ; antiferromagnetic.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Ising model on a Cayley tree displays a peculiar (continuous order) phase transition with zero long-range order at all finite temperatures. When one studies expection values of spins far removed from the surface (which contains a finite fraction of the total number of spins in the thermodynamic limit), however, one obtains the so-called Bethe approximation. Here we study such a local description by setting up a simple recurrence relation for successive shell magnetizations far removed from the surface. In the ferromagnetic case the local magnetization is a fixed point of the iterative transformation, while in the antiferromagnetic case the fixed point bifurcates to a two-cycle of the transformation (for low temperatures and fields) giving rise to local sublattice magnetizations. In both cases, local thermodynamical properties are obtained by integration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01011085
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On mean field equations for spin glasses (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 27 (1982), S. 457-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Cayley tree ; iteration ; fixed point ; spin glass ; Gaussian distribution ; local mean-field theory ; SK equations ; TAP equations.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we study rigorously the random Ising model on a Cayley tree in the limit of infinite coordination numberz → 8. An iterative scheme is developed relating mean magnetizations and mean square magnetizations of successive shells far removed from the surface of the lattice. In this way we obtain local properties of the model in the (thermodynamic) limit of an infinite number of shells. When the coupling constants are independent Gaussian random variables the SK expressions emerge as stable fixed points of our scheme and provide a valid local mean-field theory of spin glasses in which negative local entropy (at low temperatures) while perfectly possible mathematically may still perhaps be physically undesirable. Finally we examine the TAP equations and show that if the average over bond disorder and the limitz → 8 are actually performed, one recovers our iterative scheme and hence the SK equations also in the thermodynamic limit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01011086
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ising model with competing interactions on a Cayley tree (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of statistical physics 33 (1983), S. 419-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9613
    Keywords: Cayley tree ; iteration ; fixed points ; cycles ; attractors ; chaos ; spin glass ; frequency locking ; devil's staircase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An iterative scheme is developed for a renormalized effective nearest-neighbor couplingK r and effective field per siteK r for spins in therth shell of a Cayley tree with nearest neighborJ, and next nearest neighborJ′, interactions between Ising spins on the lattice. In addition to the expected paramagnetic, ferromagnetic, and antiferromagnetic phases, we find an intermediate range ofJ'/J 〈 0 values whereX r, and Kr iterate to a continuous or quasicontinuous attractor in theX-K plane. In this range the local magnetization is mainly chaotic with oscillatory glasslike behavior. Embedded in the chaos, however, are regions of periodic and commensurate phases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01009804
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automatic simulated distillation of heavy petroleum fractions up to 800°C TBP by capillary gas chromatography. Part I: Possibilities and limits of the method (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 8 (1985), S. 771-781 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary columns ; Simulated distillation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The characterization of heavy petroleum fractions is essential for the design and improvement of cracking plants converting heavy feedstock into valuable “white” products. Conventional simulated distillation methods using packed columns are unsuitable for this purposes, being limited to boiling points up to about 600°C. The method presented is able to cover a boiling points interval ranging from about 150°C up to around 800°C. It employs a short, nonpolar, highly thermostable capillary column routinely operated at temperatures around 430°C. The analytical system is based on a high temperature versions of a fully automatic, capillary dedicated gas chromatograph. The experimental data demonstrate that cold on-column injection is the sole sampling system suitable for such heavy compounds. The conversion of the retention times into boiling points, based on the use of low molecular weight polyethylenes, is extremely reliable, as demonstrated by the excellent retention time reproducibilities. The lower part (up to 550-600°C TBP) of the boiling point distribution curves of heavy petroleum fractions obtained on capillary columns fits well with the corresponding distribution curves based on packed column data. For the petroleum fractions fully eluted from the column the quantitative results obtained either using internal standards or by direct processing of the elution curves are in excellent agreement (less than 0.3 weight% differences). The method has been applied to the determination of the true boiling points corresponding to short path vacuum distillation (DISTACT) cut points over 300°C.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240081113
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some applications of a commercial light scattering detector for liquid chromatography (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 8 (1985), S. 39-41 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Liquid chromatography, HPLC ; Mass detector ; Carbohydrates ; Heavy petroleum distillates ; Hormonal steroids ; Nonionic surfactants ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240080112
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of petroleum fractions by on-line micro HPLC-HRGC coupling, involving increased efficiency in using retention gaps by partially concurrent solvent evaporation (1985)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 8 (1985), S. 601-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Coupled HPLC-GC ; Retention gap ; Partially concurrent solvent evaporation ; Gasoline ; Group-type separation ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two-dimensional chromatography of gasoline by on-line coupled HPLC-HRGC, as described in this paper, allows separate GC analysis of paraffins and aromatics. The GC system contains a retention gap of only 10 m length for introducing HPLC fractions of 100 μl volume. This becomes possible through evaporation of part of the solvent during introduction of the HPLC eluent. This “partially concurrent solvent evaporation” technique allows transfer of large volumes of HPLC eluent into relatively short retention gaps, maintaining the full efficiency of the solvent effects in reconcentrating the bands of the early eluted solutes.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240080925
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solid phase extraction and HPLC determination of spiramycin in plasma and vitreous concentrations (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biomedical Chromatography 3 (1989), S. 1-4 
    Details
    ISSN: 0269-3879
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A method for extracting spiramycin by an octadecylsilica cartridge is described for plasma or vitreous samples. The macrolide antibiotic is then measured by reversed-phase HPLC with UV detection. The limit of detection is estimated to be 50 ng/mL. The coefficient of variation for the procedure is 6.1% and 5.2% for the range of concentrations 0.2 μg/mL and 10 μg/mL respectively. By this method, pharmokinetic profiles were performed for five adult patients. Spiramycin could be accurately measured in the vitreous humour, allowing the determination of antibiotic at its site of action.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bmc.1130030102
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solvent effects on biocatalysis in organic systems: Equilibrium position and rates of lipase catalyzed esterification (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 38 (1991), S. 1137-1143 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: organic-phase biocatalysis ; equillibrium ; reaction rates ; log P ; solvent choice ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Porcine pancreatic lipase immobilized on celite particles has been employed as a catalyst for the esterification of dodecanol and decanoic acid in a predominantly organic system. Solvent influence on the equilibrium position and on the catalyst activity has been studied using 20 solvents, including aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, ethers, ketones, nitro- and halogenated hydrocarbons, and esters. The equilibrium constant for esterification correlates well with the solubility of water in the organic solvent, which in turn shows a good relationship with a function of Guttman's donor number and the electron pair acceptance index number of the solvent. This may be rationalized in terms of the requirements for solvation of water and of the reactants. The catalyst activity, measured as the initial rate of the esterification reaction, is best correlated as a function of both n-octanol-water partition coefficient (log P) and either the electron pair acceptance index or the polarizability.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260381004
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