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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 2000 (2000), S. 265-270 
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Host-guest compounds ; Tin ; Mercury ; Pnictide halides ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A novel host-guest compound [Hg7As4I3](SnI3) has been prepared by a standard ampoule technique and its crystal structure was determined. It crystallizes in a cubic system [space group P213, a = 13.110(1) Å, Z = 4] with a unique structure type. The crystal structure comprises two parts: the three-dimensional [Hg7As4I3]1+ host network, and the SnI31- guest anions encapsulated in the cavities of the network. The network is built from the As2Hg7 bitetrahedra and As2Hg6 octahedra, which share corners, and contains an additional iodine atom connected to one of the mercury vertices. The SnI31- anion has the shape of a pyramid with the tin atom in a vertex. According to the quantum-chemistry calculations, the geometry of the anion deviates substantially from the equilibrium one, and is influenced by the distant mercury atoms of the host network.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The hsp70 family of major stress proteins is composed of several different members exhibiting similar structural and functional properties. In order to obtain an antiserum with wide epitope reactivity, rabbits were immunized with a mixture of native and denatured hsp70 purified from bovine muscle by ATP-affinity chromatography. Screening for antibody specificity was performed by a “sandwich” enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting analyses demonstrated that the polyclonal antiserum obtained by us and a monoclonal antibody raised against a different preparation of antigen recognized the same determinant on the native hsp70 molecule (inducible form). With a different specificity the polyclonal antiserum recognized only the denatured monomers of the other members of the hsp70 family. These results are discussed in relation to the immunological features of the hsp70 molecule and to the development of an immunoassay for the detection of hsp70 in Cell and tissue extracts.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Computational Chemistry 17 (1996), S. 1025-1032 
    ISSN: 0192-8651
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Theoretical, Physical and Computational Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science
    Notes: Energy calculations based on lattice models of protein chains are always approximate, because any such a model distorts distances between chain links and, consequently, the energies of interaction between them. The energetic errors of lattice models are examined here for 15 proteins of different sizes and types of secondary structure, for lattice spacings ranging from 0.25 to 2.5 Å. The lattice models are derived using previously described algorithms which insure a minimal root mean square (rms) deviation from the off-lattice structure for any given lattice-protein orientation. For each protein structure we computed a set of different lattice models with virtually equal rms deviations, and then compared their energies. Energy calculations were based on the pairwise potentials. We found that the energies of lattice models follows a normal distribution with a nonnegligible dispersion, even at a fine lattice spacing of 0.25 Å. For any lattice model of a protein, the lattice spacing must be 1.0 Å or less in order to be able to distinguish energetically between the folded and extended states. However, when an ensemble of lattice models is considered, this distinction can be made for lattice spacing up to 2.0 Å. We conclude that to attain a better approximation of the protein lattice model energies, one must adjust potentials to the lattice spacing. © 1996 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 185 (1984), S. 899-904 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The influence of water on the polymerization of thiirane and 2-methylthiirane with CdCO3 was studied. The polymerization process takes place only when a large interface monomer-water is formed. This is achieved by the presence of an amount of water in the reaction mixture which is comparable with that of the monomer. The polarity of the solvent does not influence the rate of formation of poly(2-methylthiirane). The polymerization is carried out in the mass of monomer or in the presence of an alcohol and a solvent not miscible with water.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Crosslinking reactions of prepolymers of the polyphenylene type carrying acetyl end-groups, based on 4,4′-oxydiacetophenone and acetophenone (FPP-1), or 4-acetylacetophenone and 4-(4-acetylphenoxy)phenyl-o-carborane (FPP-2), by means of 20-80 wt.-% of 1,2-bis[hydrido-(dimethyl)siloxymethyl]-o-carborane (1) were investigated. It was found that the prepolymer FPP-1 is easily crosslinked in the presence of 30 wt.-% of 1 at 300°C, and the prepolymer FPP-2 at 350°C.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Carborane-containing oligoorganosilazanes (COS) (20 to 60 wt.-%) prepared by coammonolysis of (o-carboranylmethoxy)dichloro(phenyl)silane and trichloro(phenyl)silane (COS 1), or 1-chloro-1-phenyl-1-sila-2,7-dioxa-4,5-(1,2-carborano)cycloheptane and dichloro(dimethyl)-silane (COS 2), were used to crosslink polyphenylene type prepolymers on the basis of 4,4′-oxydiacetophenone and acetophenone (FPP-1). This allowed the reduction of the crosslinking temperature of FPP-1 by 100-150°C, retaining a high heat resistance of the final crosslinked polymer. Octamethylcyclotetrasilazane (15 wt.-%) was used to crosslink the carborane-containing prepolymers on the basis of 1,2-bis[4-(4-acetylphenoxy)phenyl]-o-carborane and acetophenone (FPP-2) and 1,2-bis(4-acetylbenzyl)-o-carborane and acetophenone (FPP-3). At 350°C a polymer was formed with a gel fraction amounting to 94%.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 22 (1995), S. 100-109 
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: protein structure ; RNA structure ; lattice model ; chain connectivity ; self-avoiding ; dynamic programming ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: An algorithm based on dynamic programming gives the lattice models having the minimal RMS deviations from the actual folds of protein (RNA, etc.) chains for a given lattice and a given orientation of the macromolecule relative to the lattice. The algorithm is applicable for 3-D lattices of any kind. The accuracy of the lattice approximation increases when the distance between neighbor chain links is not rigidly fixed. Special repulsive potentials facilitate generation of self-avoiding lattice chains. The results of model building show the efficiency and precisionof this proposed general method when compared with others. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 26 (1996), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: lattice models of proteins ; self-consistent field optimization ; self-avoiding ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We present an algorithm to build self-avoiding lattice models of chain molecules with low RMS deviation from their actual 3D structures. To find the optimal coordinates for the lattice chain model, we minimize a function that consists of three terms: (1) the sum of squared deviations of link coordinates on a lattice from their off-lattice values, (2) the sum of “short-range” terms, penalizing violation of chain connectivity, and (3) the sum of “long-range” repulsive terms, penalizing chain self-intersections. We treat this function as a chain molecule “energy” and minimize it using self-consistent field (SCF) theory to represent the pairwise link repulsions as 3D fields acting on the links. The statistical mechanics of chain molecules enables computation of the chain distribution in this field on the lattice. The field is refined by iteration to become self-consistent with the chain distribution, then dynamic programming is used to find the optimal lattice model as the “lowest-energy” chain pathway in this SCF. We have tested the method on one of the coarsest (and most difficult) lattices used for model building on proteins of all structural types and show that the method is adequate for building self-avoiding models of proteins with low RMS deviations from the actual structures. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: bis(p-vinylphenyl) ether ; step-polymerization ; polymer structure ; mechanism ; kinetics ; molecular weight distribution ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A peculiar step-growth (cationic) polymerization of bis(p-vinylphenyl) ether (BVPE) in nonpolar or slightly polar aromatic solvents in the temperature range from 70 to 150°C in the presence of 2.5-5.0 mmol/L of p-toluenesulfonic acid has been studied. Optimum polymerization conditions were found. New linear unsaturated polymers of BVPE with terminal vinyl groups and weight-average molecular weight from 1500 to 10,000 were obtained. The structure and the formation mechanism of these oligomers and polymers were established, and the accompanying side reactions were considered. The rate constants were measured for eight temperatures, and the activation energy was found to be -42 kJ/mol. The optimum polymerization temperature was about 80°C. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetics 25 (1996), S. 379-388 
    ISSN: 0887-3585
    Keywords: protein modeling ; lattice approximation error ; adjusting of energy functions ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lattice models of proteins can approximate off-lattice structures to arbitrary precision with RMS (root mean squared) deviations roughly equal to half the lattice spacing (Rykunov et al., Proteins 22:100-109, 1995; Reva et al., J. Comp. Biol., 1996). However, even small distortions in the positions of chain links lead to significant errors in lattice-based energy calculations (Reva et al., J. Comp. Chem., 1996). These errors arise mainly from rigid interactions (such as steric repulsion) which change their energies considerably at a range which is much smaller than the usual accuracy of lattice modeling (〉1.0 Å). To reduce this error, we suggest a procedure of adjusting energy functions to a given lattice. The general approach is illustrated with energy calculations based on pairwise potentials by Kolinski et al. (J. Chem. Phys. 98:1-14, 1993). At all the lattice spacings, from 0.5-3.8 Å, the lattice-adjusted potentials improve the accuracy of lattice-based energy calculations and Increase the correlations between off-lattice and lattice energies. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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